雅思閱讀難句的剖析:定語從句
雅思閱讀難句的剖析:定語從句
英語和漢語中的定語有很大的'不同:
1漢語中定語只能前置,而英語中定語既可前置也可后置。兩者的不同,不僅表現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)上,也表現(xiàn)在意義上。英語中的定語從句有時從原因、結(jié)果、目的或條件等方面對中心詞加以限定。因此,在對語法結(jié)構(gòu)、上下文邏輯關(guān)系深刻理解的前提下,為了更明確地表明這種邏輯關(guān)系,可以將定語從句翻譯成相應(yīng)的狀語從句。同時值得注意的是,定語從句與中心詞之間常有分割成分,而該分割成分中與定語從句緊挨著的名詞,常常會被誤認(rèn)為定語從句的中心詞。
2因此,遇到這種結(jié)構(gòu),一定要根據(jù)上下文和常識進(jìn)行判斷。翻譯定語從句時可采用提前譯、順序譯、分譯或轉(zhuǎn)譯等多種方法。
1. As far as the third factor is concerned,the history of science shows many instances in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerful resistance to further investigation;in some cases centuries elapsed before this resistance was eventually broken down,as happened in cosmology,for example.
第一層: As far as the third factor is concerned ,狀語從句1 the history 主 of science 定 shows 謂 many 定 instances 賓 in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly power- 定語從句 ful resistance to further investigation ; in some cases 狀 centuries 主 elapsed 謂 before this resistance was eventually broken down,as 狀語從句2 happened in cosmology,for example.
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