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6月英語四級真題及答案(卷一)（精選4套）
在日常學習和工作生活中，我們經(jīng)常接觸到考試真題，借助考試真題可以更好地考核參考者的知識才能。還在為找參考考試真題而苦惱嗎？下面是小編精心整理的6月英語四級真題及答案(卷一)，歡迎閱讀與收藏。
6月英語四級真題及答案(卷一) 1
一、作文
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
二、聽力
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A)The International Labor Organizations key objective.
B)The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.
C)Rising unemployment worldwide.
D)Global economic recovery.
2. A)Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.
B)Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.
C)Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.
D)Many countries need support to improve their peoples livelihood.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A)Serve standardized food nationwide.
B)Put calorie information on the menu.
C)Increase protein content in the food.
D)Offer convenient food to customers.
4. A)They will be fined.
B)They will be closed.
C)They will get a warning.
D)They will lose customers.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A)Inability to implement their business plans.
B)Inability to keep turning out novel products.
C)Lack of a successful business model of their own.
D)Failure to integrate innovation into their business.
6. A)It is the secret to business success.
B)It is the creation of something new.
C)It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.
D)It is an essential part of business culture.
7. A)Its hardworking employees.
B)Its flexible promotion strategy.
C)Its innovation culture.
D)Its willingness to make investments.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A)Hes got addicted to technology.
B)He is not very good at socializing.
C)He is crazy about text-messaging.
D)He does not talk long on the phone.
9. A)Talk big.
B)Talk at length.
C)Gossip a lot.
D)Forget herself.
10. A)He thought it was cool.
B)He needed the practice.
C)He wanted to stay connected with them.
D)He had an urgent message to send.
11. A)It poses a challenge to seniors.
B)It saves both time and money.
C)It is childish and unprofessional.
D)It is cool and convenient.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A)He wants to change his job assignment.
B)He is unhappy with his department manager.
C)He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.
D)He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.
13. A)His workload was much too heavy.
B)His immediate boss did not trust him.
C)His colleagues often refused to cooperate.
D)His salary was too low for his responsibility.
14. A)He never knows how to refuse.
B)He is always ready to help others.
C)His boss has a lot of trust in him.
D)His boss has no sense of fairness.
15. A)Put all his complaints in writing.
B)Wait and see what happens next.
C)Learn to say no when necessary.
D)Talk to his boss in person first.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A)The importance of sleep to a healthy life.
B) Reasons for Americans decline in sleep.
C)Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.
D)Diseases associated with lack of sleep.
17. A)They are more health-conscious.
B)They are changing their living habits.
C)They get less and less sleep.
D) They know the dangers of lack of sleep.
18. A)Their weight will go down.
B)Their mind function will deteriorate.
C)Their work efficiency will decrease.
D)Their blood pressure will rise.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A)How much you can afford to pay.
B)What course you are going to choose.
C)Which university you are going to apply to.
D)When you are going to submit your application.
20. A)The list of courses studied.
B)The full record of scores.
C)The references from teachers.
D)The personal statement.
21. A)Specify what they would like to do after graduation.
B)Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.
C)Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.
D)Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A)It was equipped with rubber tyres.
B)It was built in the late 19th century.
C)It was purchased by the Royal family.
D)It was designed by an English engineer.
23. A)They consumed lots of petrol.
B)They took two passengers only.
C)They were difficult to drive.
D)They often broke down.
24. A)They were produced on the assembly line.
B)They were built with less costly materials.
C)They were modeled after British cars.
D)They were made for ordinary use.
25. A)It made news all over the world.
B)It was built for the Royal family.
C)It marked a new era in motor travel.
D)It attracted large numbers of motorists.
三、選詞填空
Section A
Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Physical activity does the body good, and theres growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28 , investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.
The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31 in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34 to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when theyre running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.
A)attendance
B)consequently
C)current
D)depressing
E)dropping
F)essential
G)feasible
H)flow
I)mood
J)mutually
K)particularly
L)performance
M)review
N)survive
O)tend
四、段落匹配
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Finding the Right Home-and Contentment, Too
[A] When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility-a moment few parents or children approach without fear-what you would like is to have everything made clear.
[B] Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype (固定看法)? Can doing ones homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.
[C] I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.
[D]The most recent of these studies, published in The journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living, nursing homes and smaller residential care homes (known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes). Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities.
[E]“We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,” said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption-dont families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they cant?
[F] In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.
[G] But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristics-how healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
[H] An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living (even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who bad input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. “You cant just say, ‘Lets put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home-she will be much better off,” Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”
[I] Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables-the facilitys type, size or age; whether a chain owned it; how attractive the neighborhood was-had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened one they were there.
[J] As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk, announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones. (More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)
[K] Before we collectively tear our hair out-how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?-here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician(老年病學專家)at the University of North Carolina:“In a way, that could be liberating for families.”
[L] Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they dont have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
[M] We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place-it is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned; nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.
[N] The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
36. Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
40.The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
41.The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
42.At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
43.What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
44.The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
45.A residents satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
五、仔細閱讀
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage one
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
As Artificial Intelligence(AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.
Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, its necessary to translate our morals into AI language.
For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldnt want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell.
Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldnt think thats the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.
It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.
Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.
The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to so sufficient testing and theyve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo(禁忌).
One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.
If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟聲), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans arent quite sure about a decision,we go and ask somebody else.
The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.
46.What does the author say about the threat of robots?
A)It may constitute a challenge to computer progranmers.
B)It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.
C)It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.
D)It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.
47.What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?
A)They are aggressive.
B)They are outgoing.
C)They are ignorant.
D)They are ill-bred.
48.How do robots learn human values?
A)By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.
B)By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.
C)By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.
D)By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.
49.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?
A)keep a distance from possible dangers.
B)Stop to seek advice from a human being.
C)Trigger its built-in alarm system at once.
D)Do sufficient testing before taking action.
50.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?
A)Determine what is moral and ethical.
B)Design some large-scale experiments.
C)Set rules for man-machine interaction.
D)Develop a more sophisticated program.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity(長壽)?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.
The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神經(jīng)質(zhì)的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.
Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.
Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.
Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mothers personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when were adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.
Personality isnt destiny(命運), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isnt just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.
51. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is____.
A)to see whether peoples personality affects their life span
B)to find out if ones lifestyle has any effect on their health
C)to investigate the role of exercise in living a long life
D)to examine all the factors contributing to longevity
52. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?
A)They have a good understanding of evolution.
B)They are better at negotiating an agreement.
C)They generally appear more resourceful.
D)They are more likely to get over hardship.
53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?
A)Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.
B)Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.
C)Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.
D)Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.
54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?
A)Childrens personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.
B)People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.
C)Mothers influence on children may last longer than fathers.
D)Mothers negative personality characteristics may affect their childrens life spans.
55.What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?
A)Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short ones life span.
B)Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.
C)Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.
D)Health is in large part related to ones lifestyle.
六、翻譯
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 2.
功夫是中國武術(shù)的俗稱.中國武術(shù)的起源可以追溯到自衛(wèi)的需要、狩獵活動以及古代中國的軍事訓練.它是中國傳統(tǒng)體育運動的一種,年輕人老年人都練.它已逐漸演變成了中國文化的'獨特元素.作為中國的國寶,功夫有上百種不同的風格,是世界上練的最多的武術(shù)形式.有些風格模仿了動物的動作,還有一些則受到了中國哲學思想、神話和傳說的啟發(fā).
聽力答案
Section A
1. C) Rising unemployment worldwide.
2. C) Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.
3. B) Put calorie information on the menu.
4. A) They will be fined.
5. D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.
6. B) It is the creation of something new.
7. C) Its innovation culture.
Section B
8. D)He does not talk long on the phone.
9.B) talk at length.
10.A) He thought it was cool.
11.C) It is childish and unprofessional.
12. A) He wants to change his job assignment.
13. A) His workload was much too heavy.
14. C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.
15. D) Talk to his boss in person first.
Section C
16.A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life
17 .C) They get less and less sleep
18 .D) Their blood pressure will rise
19. B) What course you are going to choose
20. D) The personal statement
21. C)Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject
22 .B) It was built in the late 19th century.
23 .D) They often broke down.
24 .A) They were produced on the assembly line.
25 .C) It marked a new era in motor travel.
選詞填空
26. 正確選項 O tend
27. 正確選項 M review
28. 正確選項 L performance
29. 正確選項 K particularly
30. 正確選項 N survive
31. 正確選項 E dropping
32. 正確選項 J mutually
33. 正確選項 H flow
34. 正確選項 F essential
35. 正確選項 I mood
段落匹配
36. 正確選項 E
37. 正確選項 L
38. 正確選項 B
39. 正確選項 H
40. 正確選項 N
41. 正確選項 J
42. 正確選項 F
43. 正確選項 C
44. 正確選項 I
45. 正確選項 G
仔細閱讀
Passage one
46. 正確選項C. It can be avoided if human values aretranslated into their language.
47. 正確選項 D. They are ill-bred.
48. 正確選項 C. By picking up patterns from massive dataon human behavior.
49. 正確選項 D. Do sufficient testing before takingaction.
50. 正確選項 A. Determine what is moral and ethical.
Passage Two
51. 正確選項A. to see whether peoples personality affects their life span
52. 正確選項 D. They are more likely to get overhardship.
53. 正確選項 C. Such personality characteristics asself-discipline have no effect on longevity.
54. 正確選項 D. Mothersnegative personality characteristics may affect their childrens life spans..
55. 正確選項 B. Longevity results form a combination ofmental and physical health.
6月英語四級真題及答案(卷一) 2
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure
[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (繼續(xù)處理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.
[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher, more resilient (有復原力的) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.
[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.
[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.
[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas.”
[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.
[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.
[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.
[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.
[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.
[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.
[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.
[M] As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.
36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.
37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.
38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.
39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.
40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.
41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.
42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.
43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.
44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.
45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.
答案：
36.D
37. J
38. L
39. A
40. E
41. K
42. I
43.B
44. G
45. C
四級閱讀理解答案：詞匯理解
26. G)habitats
【語法判斷】marine是形容詞，表示“海洋的”，后面應該跟一個名詞。符合條件的名詞有experiences(經(jīng)驗)、exterior(外部)、habitats(棲息地)、investment(投資)、territory(領土)、victim(受害人)。
【語意判斷】從上下文可知，暗礁是潛泳和保護海洋______的圣地，所以應該選habitats，海洋棲息地。
27. M)stripped
【語法判斷】此處謂語不完整，要填寫動詞，由was可知要使用被動語態(tài)。符合條件的動詞有depressed(使…沮喪)、stripped(剝奪、剝離)。
【語意判斷】被沉下去的A300被______了所有有可能對環(huán)境有害的東西，所以應該選stripped，被剝離了。
28. A)create
【語法判斷】此處是倒裝句，the sunken plane will后面應該跟動詞原形。符合條件的動詞有create(創(chuàng)作、創(chuàng)造)、innovate(發(fā)明)。
【語意判斷】被沉默的飛機不僅僅將會給人工暗礁的生長_____完美的骨架，所以應該選create，創(chuàng)造出。
29. L)stretches
【語法判斷】主句缺少謂語，主語是the plane，應該選擇動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。符合條件的動詞有experiences(經(jīng)歷)、stretches(延展到)
【語意判斷】這個飛機____總長度54米，所以應該選stretches，延展到。
30. C)eventually
【語法判斷】where引導的從句有完整的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處應該填寫副詞。符合條件的副詞有eventually(最后，終于)、intentionally(故意地、有意地)。
【語意判斷】在這個地方，潛水者將_______能夠探索機艙和….，因為是在飛機沉下去以后，潛水者才能夠進行探索，所以應該選eventually，最終
31. F)exterior
【語法判斷】由plane’s可知此處為所有格，應該填一個名詞。符合條件的名詞有experiences(經(jīng)驗)、exterior(外部)、investment(投資)、territory(領土)、victim(受害人)。
【語意判斷】潛水者最終可以探索機艙和飛機的_____，潛水者會探索飛機的內(nèi)部和外部，所以應該選exterior，外部。
32. J)investment
【語法判斷】由that代詞可知，此處應該填寫一個名詞。符合條件的名詞有experiences(經(jīng)驗)、investment(投資)、territory(領土)、victim(受害人)。
【語意判斷】他們(投資者)希望通過旅游業(yè)看到在_____上的回報，又從前一句知道投資者在飛機上花了大量的金錢，所以應該選擇investment，投資上的回報。
33. O)victim
【語法判斷】由定冠詞the和介詞of可知，此處應該填寫一個名詞。符合條件的名詞有experiences(經(jīng)驗)、territory(領土)、victim(受害者)。
【語意判斷】土耳其這個國家是幾起致命的恐怖襲擊的______，由上文可知，土耳其的旅游業(yè)出現(xiàn)了下滑的'趨勢，他們受到了恐怖襲擊的影響，所以應該選victim，受害者。
34. I)intentionally
【語法判斷】sunk修飾aircraft表示被沉沒的飛機，此處可以填寫一個形容詞和sunk并列修飾aircraft，也可以是一個副詞修飾形容詞sunk。符合條件的形容詞有depressed(沮喪的)、revealing(透露真情的、有啟迪作用的);符合條件的副詞有intentionally(故意地、有意地)。
【語意判斷】A300是的______被沉沒的飛機，由上下文可知，這架飛機是被人為地沉沒到海底地，所以此處應該選intentionally，故意被沉沒的飛機。
35. E)exploring
【語法判斷】and并聯(lián)連詞連接taking和填空部分，形式應與taking保持一致，動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。符合條件的動詞有exploring(探索)、revealing(揭露)。
【語意判斷】經(jīng)歷一場水下旅行和_______沉沒的A300內(nèi)部，由語意可知，應該選擇exploring，探索內(nèi)部。
6月英語四級真題及答案(卷一) 3
For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write an essay on “The importance of reading ability and how to develop it. and How to Develop It “You should write at least 120 words but no more than
180 words.Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.
【參考范文】
As increasing significance is attached to well-rounded quality, the role played by reading has never been more highly regarded than nowadays due to its subtle yet profound influence toward the prosperity of personal growth, which serves as an indispensable part in the process of self education.
So why has the importance of reading attracted so much attention? The hidden reasons behind the phenomenon are as following: Primarily, it is worth noticing that the benefit derived from reading is obviously remarkable, enabling the reader to enrich his knowledge. What is more, we can not afford to overlook the fact that the role played by reading is essential, which ensures that the reader can keep up with the news. To a larger extent, there is no exaggeration to say that the importance of reading can not be more emphasized, which undoubtedly exerts positive effect toward habit of lifelong study.
To sum up, it boils down to that in order to keep pace with the development of the society, it is sensible for every individuals to enhance the awareness of reading as well as take practical measures, such as taking advantage of taking note and planning the reading list on monthly basis, so as to maintain the welfare and prosperity of personal improvement.
6月英語四級真題及答案(卷一) 4
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
"Welcome to the U.S.A.! Major credit cards are accepted!"
By the millions they are coming no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched masses longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. "We dont have a budget," says a biologist from Brazil, as she walks with two companions through New York Citys South Street." We just use our credit cards."
The US has long been one of the worlds most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First, there was the World Cup, which drew thousands from every corner of the globe; then came the weakening of the US dollar against major currencies. Now the US, still the worlds superpower, can also claim to be the worlds bargain basement(廉價商品部). Nobody undersells America these days on just about everything, from consumer electronics to fashion clothes to tennis rackets. Bottom retail prices anywhere from 30 % to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $ 79 billion in 1994. Thats up from $74 billion the year before.
True, not everyone comes just for bargains. There remains an undeniable fascination in the rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood films and US television series. But shopping the USA is proving irresistible. Every week thousands arrive with empty suitcases ready to be filled; some even rent an additional hotel room to hold their purchases. The buying binge(無節(jié)制)has become as important as watching Old Faithful Fountains erupt in Yellowstone Park or sunbathing on a beach in Florida.
The US has come at last to appreciate what other countries learned long ago: the pouring in of foreign tourists may not always be convenient, but it does put money in the bank. And with a trade deficit at about $130 billion and growing for the past 12 months, the US needs all the deposits it can get. Compared with American tourists abroad, visitors to the US stay longer and spend more money at each stop; an average of 12.2 night and $ 1624 a traveler versus the Americans four nights and $298.
31. From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourists like her ____.
A) are reluctant to carry cash with them
B) simply don t care how much they spend
C) are not good at planning their expenditure
D) often spend more money than they can afford
32.The reason why 1994 was exceptional is that ____.
A) it saw an unusually large number of tourists to the US
B) it witnessed a drop in the number of tourists to the US
C) tourism was hardly affected by the weakening of the US dollar that year
D) Tourists came to the US for sightseeing rather than for bargains that year
33.By saying " nobody undersells America" (Underlined), the author means that ____.A) no other country underestimates the competitiveness of American productsB) nobody expects the Americans to cut the prices of their commodities
C) nobody restrains the selling of American goods
D) no other country sells at a lower price than America
34.Why does the author assert that all things American are fascinating to foreigners?A) Because they have gained much publicity through the American media
B) Because they represent the world s latest fashions
C) Because they embody the most sophisticated technology
D)Because they are available at all tourist destinations
35.From the passage we can conclude that the US has come to realize____.
A) the weakening of the US dollar can result in trade deficits
B) the lower the retail prices, the greater in profits
C) tourism can make great contributions to its economy
D) visitors to the US are wealthier than US tourists abroad
【參考答案】
31. 【答案】B。【譯文】從巴西生物學家所說的話，我們得知像她這樣的游客完全不介意他們花多少錢�！驹囶}分析】細節(jié)推理型，通過對某一段話的理解，并進行總結(jié)和概括�！驹敿毥獯稹吭牡诙翁岬浆F(xiàn)在涌入的是富人( These are the wealthy),所以當她說"We don t have a budget, we just use our credit cards"是指花錢不用做預算，想買就用信用卡，其暗含的意思就是選項B所表達的信息。故本題的正確答案是B。
32.【答案】A。【譯文】1994年特別突出的原因是在那一年到美國的游客數(shù)目非常大。【試題分析】細節(jié)推理型，通過對某一段話的理解，并進行總結(jié)和概括�！驹敿毥獯稹吭牡谌握f明美國早已成為旅游勝地，1994年不同于往年，其原因是世界杯吸引了大批游客，美元下跌使在美國購物便宜到了極點，這更吸引了大量的游客。而這一觀點恰好與選項A相一致。這句話中的動詞saw的意思是"目睹了"之意。故本題的正確答案是A。
33.【答案】D�！咀g文】在文章第三段中，作者說了這樣一句話：nobody undersells America，他所暗含的意思是沒有哪個國家的物價水平比美國更低�！驹囶}分析】細節(jié)推理型，通過對某一段話的理解，并進行總結(jié)和概括。【詳細解答】在文章的第三段中Now the US, still the worlds superpower, can also claim to be the worlds bargain basement的中文意思是：美國現(xiàn)在仍是世界上的超級大國，也可以聲稱是世界上的廉價商品部。所以，nobody undersells America這句話所暗含的意思是：沒有哪個國家的物價水平比美國更低。在后文中，作者又提到了美國的零售底價比歐洲低30%，比亞洲低70%。這一事實更證明了這一觀點的正確性。故本題的正確答案是D。
34.【答案】A�！咀g文】作者為什么得出結(jié)論：所有的美國貨對外國人來說都是非常具有吸引力的`?【試題分析】細節(jié)推理型，通過對某一段話的理解，并進行總結(jié)和概括。【詳細解答】文章的第四段第二句話There remains an undeniable fascination in the rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood films and US television series. But shopping the USA is proving irresistible.說明媒體使人們對美國貨產(chǎn)生迷戀。在四個選項中，只有選項A與這句話在觀點上是一致的。故本題的正確答案是A。
35.【答案】C。【譯文】讀完這篇文章，我們可以得出結(jié)論：美國已經(jīng)意識到旅游業(yè)為美國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展做出非常重大的貢獻�！驹囶}分析】主題歸納型，通過總結(jié)和歸納，進而得出文章的主題�！驹敿毥獯稹客ㄗx完全文后，我們可以得知：大批外國游客涌入美國，并給美國政府帶來了大筆收入。另外，文章第五段強調(diào)美國終于開始重視外國游客大量涌入給美國經(jīng)濟帶來的巨大貢獻。綜合以上兩點，我們可以得知選項C正是作者的觀點和結(jié)論。故本題的正確答案是C。
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