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2024下半年英語四級閱讀模擬訓(xùn)練
四六級閱讀是很多人都頭疼的一個部分，但是又是最容易漲分的一個部分，只要考生多做練習(xí)找到其中的規(guī)律，就可以順利通過考試。以下是小編整理的關(guān)于英語四級閱讀模擬訓(xùn)練，供大家備考。
下半年英語四級閱讀模擬訓(xùn)練 1
Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-mindedactions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses(差錯)in a scientific report, hewas surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings, Nordid the lapses appear to be entirely random(隨機(jī)的).
One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. "the explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer," explains the professor. "People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman’s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme," About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these "programme assembly failures,"
Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing---an average of twelve each, There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest(荒謬可笑的).These aretwo hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m."Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain’ programmes’ occurs, as for instance between going to and from work." Women on average reported slightly more lapses----- 12.5 compared with 10.9 for men m probably because they were more reliable reporters.
A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse m even dangerous.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects ________
A. to keep track of people who tend too forget things
B. to report their embarrassing lapses at random
C. to analyse their awkward experiences scientifically
D. to keep a record of what they did unintentionally
2. Professor Smith discovered that ________
A. certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents
B. many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindedness
C. men tend to be more absent-minded than women
D. absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness
3. "Programme assembly failures" (Line 6, Para. 2) refers to the phenomenon that people ______
A. often fail to programme their routines beforehand
B. tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry
C. unconsciously change the sequence of doing things
D. are likely to mess things up if they are too tired
4. We learn from the third paragraph that _______
A. absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day
B. women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods
C. women experience more peak periods of absent-mindedness
D. men’s absent-mindedness often results in funny situations
5.It can be concluded from the passage that _____
A. people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapses
B. hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at
C. people should be careful when programming their actions
D. lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration
答案
1.[D] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。本文第1句中的to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions就是指to keep a record of what they did unintentionally,題目中的subjects指實驗對象，被測試者。
2.[A] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2句中nearly all of them fell into a few groupings可以找到本題答案，題目中的discover是該句中find的同義詞,A的patterns與原文中的groupings意義相同。
3.[C] 語義題。根據(jù)第2段最后兩句提到,但是不知怎么的這種行為在程序中顛倒了。這些被測試者報告的`事件中二十個中有一個屬于這種“流水線程序錯誤”。C的unconsciously與somehow對應(yīng),change the sequence of doing things與the action got reversed對應(yīng)，故本題選C。
4.[A] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第3段的`第2、3句“一天之中似乎存在一些人們易犯荒謬可笑錯誤的高峰時段”,之后到舉了幾個高峰時間，可知A與之相符。
5.[D] 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩句“一般來說，我們會以為技術(shù)嫻熟可以減少錯誤。但是為了避免出現(xiàn)愚蠢的失誤而更加專注，只會把事情弄得更糟糕，甚至?xí)䦟?dǎo)致危險�！笨芍狣“差錯并不總是注意力不集中導(dǎo)致的” 正確。
下半年英語四級閱讀模擬訓(xùn)練 2
The simple act of surrendering a telephone number to a store clerk may not seem harmful--so much so that many consumers do it with no questions asked. Yet that one action can set in motion a cascade of silent events, as that data point is acquired, analyzed, categorized, stored and sold over and over again. Future attacks on your privacy may come from anywhere, from anyone with money to purchase that phone number you surrendered. If you doubt the multiplier effect, consider your e-mail inbox. If its loaded with spam, its undoubtedly because at some point in time you unknowingly surrendered your e-mall to the wrong Web site.
Do you think your telephone number or address is handled differently? A cottage industry of small companies with names youve probably never heard of--like Acxiom or Merlin--buy and sell your personal information the way other commodities like corn or cattle futures are bartered. You may think your cell phone is unlisted, but if youve ever ordered a pizza, it might not be. Merlin is one of many commercial data brokers that advertises sale of unlisted phone numbers compiled from various sources--including pizza delivery companies. These unintended, unpredictable consequences that flow from simple actions make privacy issues difficult to grasp, and grapple with.
In a larger sense, privacy also is often cast as a tale of "Big Brother"--the government is watching you or An big corporation is watching you. But privacy issues dont necessarily involve large faceless institutions: A spouse takes a casual glance at her husbands Blackberry, a co-worker looks at e-mall over your shoulder or a friend glances at a cell phone text message from the next seat on the bus. while very little of this is news to anyone--people are now well aware there are video cameras and Internet cookies everywhere--there is abundant evidence that people live their lives ignorant of the monitoring, assuming a mythical level of privacy. People write e-mails and type instant messages they never expect anyone to see. Just ask Mark Foley or even Bill Gates, whose e-mails were a cornerstone of the Justice Departments antitrust case against Microsoft.
And polls and studies have repeatedly shown that Americans are indifferent to privacy concerns. The general defense for such indifference is summed up a single phrase: "I have nothing to hide." If you have nothing to hide, why shouldnt the government be able to peek at your phone records, your wife see your e-mail or a company send you junk mail? Its a powerful argument, one that privacy advocates spend considerable time discussing and strategizing over.
It is hard to deny, however, that people behave different when theyre being watched. And it is also impossible to deny that Americans are now being watched more than at any time in history.
1. In the first paragraph, the telephone number is cited to show
A. many customers didnt keep their privacy confidential.
B. it is harmful to give a store clerk a telephone number.
C. careless disposal of personal information can be harmful.
D. customers should inquire its use when giving telephone numbers to others.
2. What do companies like Acxiom and Merlin do?
A. Compile telephone directories for businessmen.
B. Collect and sell personal information to make a profit.
C. Trade commodities like corn on the market.
D. Crack down crimes like stealing private information.
3. From Paragraph 3, we learn that
A. cases of privacy intrusion happen only in large institutions.
B. people are quite aware of how their privacy is intruded.
C. it is not privacy intrusion when a wife glances at her husbands cell phone.
D. Bill Gates email messages were cited as evidence against him.。
4. It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that the author thinks
A. Americans are actually concerned about privacy issues.
B. Americans are indifferent to privacy concerns.
C. Americans are very frank about privacy concerns.
D. Americans are puzzled about privacy concerns.
5. Which of the following is the authors viewpoint?
A. Never give your private information to anyone.
B. People should pay more attention to their privacy issues.
C. Do not surrender your email to any website.
D. It does no good saying "I have nothing to hide".
【文章概要】
本文以個人無意泄漏電話號碼和電子郵件為例引出對隱私問題的探討。首段指出簡單無意識地泄漏個人信息的行為可能事后會給自己帶來麻煩;第2段講述某些小 公司利用泄漏個人信息來贏利，使得隱私成為一個棘手的問題;第3段進(jìn)一步提到隱私問題不一定只涉及大機(jī)構(gòu)，隱私在日常生活中就可能有意無意地受到侵犯;第4段講到美國人對隱私問題的態(tài)度及作者對此的看法;第5段作小結(jié)指出美國人正面臨著更多的監(jiān)視。
【答案解析】
1.[C]細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。首段第l句提到泄漏電話號碼的例子，第2、3句指出這一行為可能帶來的麻煩，故選C。A、B本身正確但只停留在例子本身，并沒有指明舉例要表明的問題;D在文中沒有提及。
2.[B]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)Acxiom和Merlin定位到第2段第2旬。該句第2個破折號說明了這兩家公司的'性質(zhì)，指出他們買賣個人信息就像買賣玉米和牛期貨證券一樣，故選8。文中提到Merlin公司出售那些未登記過的電話號碼，這些號碼匯編來源多樣，A只是利用原文個別單詞設(shè)置的干擾項;文中 只是說這些公司買賣個人信息的.方式就像在市場買賣玉米的方式一樣，故C錯;D“破解如竊取個人信息的犯罪行為”在文中沒有提及。
3.[D]段落細(xì)節(jié)題。由第3段第2句可知A錯誤;由該段倒數(shù)2、3句可知人們對隱私受侵犯并沒有多深的意識，故B也錯：But一句指出隱私問題并不一定只涉及大機(jī)構(gòu)，冒號后所列舉的例子即是對此觀點的支持，可見C的說法也是不正確的;末旬指出司法部控告微軟公司就是利用比爾·蓋茨的郵件為證據(jù)，故D正確。
4.[A]推理判斷題。第4段第l句指出調(diào)查和研究證明美國人對隱私問題漠不關(guān)心，但根據(jù)后文連續(xù)幾個假設(shè)問句可以推斷出。美國人實際上很關(guān)住他們的隱私問題，故C錯誤;B只是一種表面現(xiàn)象;文中沒有提及他們對隱私的關(guān)注是否“迷惑”，D也不對。
5.[B]觀點態(tài)度題。文章首段就提到了隱私無意間的泄漏可能會帶來的麻煩，接下來幾段分別從個人信息被濫用、隱私問題無處不在、美國人對隱私的態(tài)度等方面說明，在當(dāng)今時代，由于通信技術(shù)的發(fā)達(dá)，個人隱私的保護(hù)問題越來越復(fù)雜.因此人們對隱私問題應(yīng)給予更多的重視，故選B。A、C說法太過絕對;D項也不能概述作者的觀點。
下半年英語四級閱讀模擬訓(xùn)練 3
"Culture shock" occurs as a result of total immersion (浸沒) in a new culture. It happens to "people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. " Newcomers may be anxious because they do not speak the language, know the customs, or understand peoples behavior in daily life. The visitor finds that "yes" may not always mean "yes", that friendliness does not necessarily mean friendship, or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended as jokes. The foreigner may be unsure as to when to shake hands, when to start conversations, or how to approach a stranger. The notion of "culture shock" helps explain feelings of bewilderment and disorientation. Language problems do not account for all the frustrations that people feel. When one is deprived of everything that was once so familiar, such as understanding a transportation system, knowing how to register for university classes, or knowing how to make friends, difficulties in coping with the new society may arise.
"... when an individual enters a strange culture, he or she is like fish out of water, " Newcomers feel at times that they do not belong to and feel alienated from the native members of the culture. When this happens visitors may want to reject everything about the new environment and may glorify and exaggerate the positive aspects of their own culture. Conversely visitors may scorn their native country by rejecting its values and instead choosing to identify with (if only temporarily) the value of the new country. This may occur as an attempt to over-identify with the new culture in order to be accepted by the people in it.
26. The expression "he or she is like fish out of water" suggests_______.
A. people away from their cultures can hardly survive in a new culture
B. a fish can not survive without water
C. people away from their culture experience mental isolation
D. people away from their culture have difficulties in their studies
27. In order to identify with the new environment, some people may_______.
A. give an exaggerated picture of their own country
B. criticize the positive aspects of their own country
C. abandon their original beliefs
D. accept a temporary set of values
28. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the author?
A. Homesickness results in culture shock.
B. A typical symptom of culture shock is confusion.
C. Culture shock is the explanation of anxiety.
D. Culture shock happens to foreign students only.
29. Newcomers may worry about
A. their ignorance of the alien customs
B. their knowledge of "yes" in the native language
C. their understanding of friendship
D. their control of their behavior
30. When the foreign visitor is immersed in new problems he finds hard to cope with, he is most likely to feel_______.
A. uninsured B. deprived
C. alienated D. disappointed
答案
26. C 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. C
下半年英語四級閱讀模擬訓(xùn)練 4
Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.
Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.
First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .
Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.
1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.
a.traffic accidents
b.smoking-related desease
c.murder
d.all of these
2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.
a.75 b.23 c.30 d.3000
3.By "dropout" the author means______.
a.students who failed the examination
b.students who left school
c.students who lost their way
d.students who were driven out of school
4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.
a.NCI has taken effective measures
b.smoking is prevented among high school seniors
c.there are many smokers who have died of cancer
d.none of these
5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.
a.smoking rates among youth have declined very little
b.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors
c.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealth
d.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds
答案：bdbdb
下半年英語四級閱讀模擬訓(xùn)練 5
【閱讀練習(xí)】
Nowadays, is it possible to tell a person’s class just by looking at him? Physical details __1__ tell us about health, diet and type of work done. A hundred years ago the working class very often lookd unhealthy, small and were either too thin or too fat. The upper classes were often __2__, sporting types who were used to a good diet and looked healthy. Today living and working conditions have improved, and such __3__ would no longer be so true.The clothes people choose to wear, however, do provide information about their __4__. The most obvious way in which is for the amount of money spent on them. Expensive clothes look expensive and show their wearer had money. Clothes can provide other __5__ as well. The upper classes __6__ to be less interested in fashion and wear good quality clothes in non-bright colours, made of natural material like wool, leather or cotton. Lower working class people often choose clothes in bright colours, made of man-made material. A sociological explanation for this would be that color and interest are mssing from their lives, and therefore any opportunity to introduce this is __7__.Clothes are __8__ at a price within most people’s reach. New clothes make the wearer feel good, and show some __9__ of wealth to the outside world. Today some new fashions are started by the lower working class people who want to look __10__ and feel important. They want people to look at them.
A) available
B) background
C) different
D) tall
E) totally
F) taken
G) descriptions
H) degree
I) clues
J) alone
K) appear
L) consider
M) full
N) hobby
O)fetched
【答案】
1、選J)。此處應(yīng)填副詞�？蛇x項有totally和alone，由前一句中just可推出，外表上的細(xì)節(jié)僅僅能告訴我們這個人的健康狀況，平時的營養(yǎng)狀況以及他所從事的工作而不能看出他所處的階級，故排除totally而選alone“惟一”。
2、選D)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。因此此句和前一句是在將以前的工人階級和上層階級的`身體狀況進(jìn)行對比，故此處應(yīng)填與small“矮的”意思相反的'詞，選項中只有tall符合題意。而full“豐滿的”不能用來修飾sporting types,故排除。
3、選G)。此處應(yīng)填名詞�，F(xiàn)在的生活和工作條件改善了，情況已經(jīng)不同了。而such指代的是上文中對一百年以前工人階級和上層階級的身體狀況的身體狀況的描述，故descriptions“描述”符合題意。
4、選B)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。根據(jù)句意“衣服可以提供...方面的信息”，選項中有background和hobby，選background“人的背景，社會階層”，符合文章主題。
5、選I)。由as well可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞且與本段首句中的informaiton的意思相近，選項中只有clues“線索”符合題意。
6、選K)。此處應(yīng)填動詞的原形。選項中有appear和consider,appear可直接接不定式;而consider帶不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，用于主動語態(tài)時，consider后面得接賓語，故選appear。
7、選F)。這句中this指代bright colour，句子主干是any opportunity is...�？蛇x項有taken和fetched,take“抓住”則可以與opportunity搭配，但fetch“拿來”不能與opportunity構(gòu)成動賓搭配，故排除fetched而選taken。
8、選A)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。句子意思是“衣服的價錢......，大多數(shù)人都買得起。”選項中只有available“可以接受的”符合題意。
9、選H)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。由a price within most people’s reach可推出，此處新衣服向外界顯示的是穿衣者的富裕程度，故選擇degree“程度”。
10、選C)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。由new fashions和feel important可推出工人階級想通過穿衣來改變他們，而選項中只有different“與眾不同的”符合此意，故選擇C)。
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