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2014英語(yǔ)六級(jí)作文怎樣突出句子的重點(diǎn)
一、句子的重點(diǎn)可以通過(guò)下列方法，加以突出：
1. 把重點(diǎn)擺在句首或句尾. 一般而論，最顯眼的位置是在“句尾，其次是在句首，中間的位置最平淡，乏善可陳。例如：
(1).Incorrect grammar and improper construction invariably distract readers' attention.
(2) The history of vocabulary is, in many ways, the record of civilization.
把重點(diǎn)放在句尾是種“吊胃口”的方法，讀者或聽(tīng)者非得讀完或聽(tīng)完整句不可。
2. 在復(fù)雜句里，把主句放在從句之后.除了名詞從句和形容詞從句之外，因?yàn)樗鼈兾恢幂^固定，副詞從句中有幾種的位置靈活，可以在主句之前出現(xiàn)，也可以跟在主句之后。通常我們就把這樣的副詞從句提前，重點(diǎn)則放在后頭的主句，如：
(3a) I came upon an old classmate when I went to town yesterday.
When I went to town yesterday, I came upon an old classmate.
副詞短語(yǔ)更是如此，如 :
(4a) Steel is commonly used to make knives, razors and other useful tools because of its durability.
Because of its durability, steel is commonly used to make knives, razors and other useful tools.
3. 把較重要或有分量的詞語(yǔ)放在后頭，如和：
(5a) I was delighted and amused by the classical opera
I was amused and delighted by the classical opera.
(6a) That singer's life was tragic and brief.
That singer's life was brief and tragic.轉(zhuǎn)載自:考試大 - [233.com]
4. 把句子中一系列的項(xiàng)目作邏輯性的排列。例如：
(7) Tony ate his dinner, watched TV, and then went to bed.
(8) Were you bored with years of study in elementary school, high school and institute of higher education?
5. 必要時(shí)，重復(fù)重要的語(yǔ)詞或概念。 例如：
(9) Jackie enjoys the company of ladies. He likes their beauty, he likes their delicacy, he likes their vivacity, and he likes their silence.
(10) ...the land stretched out without names. Nameless headlands split the surf; nameless lakes reflected the nameless mountains and nameless rivers flowed through nameless valleys and nameless bays.
6. 盡量用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此比(11a)好：
(11a) A pedestrian was struck on the head by a flying stone.
A flying stone struck a pedestrian on the head.
7. 適當(dāng)時(shí)候，可用倒裝句和平行句，如：
(12) Seven dwarfs lived here in the center of the dark forest. →
Here, in the center of the dark forest lived seven dwarfs.
(13) Severity breeds fear; roughness breeds hatred.
(14) Honesty recommends that I speak; self-interest demands that I remain silent.
二、it作句子的真正主語(yǔ)
1.it 指前面已經(jīng)提到過(guò)的人或事物，有時(shí)指心目中的或成為問(wèn)題的人或事物，作真正主語(yǔ)。
例如： What’s this? 這是什么?
-It is a sheep? 這是一只綿羊。
Who is it? 誰(shuí)?
-It's me. 是我。
It’s the wind shaking the window. 是風(fēng)刮得窗戶響。
2.it指時(shí)間、季節(jié)
一般用在無(wú)人稱動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)。
例如： What time is it? -It’s nine.
幾點(diǎn)了?九點(diǎn)了。
It’s time for the meeting. Let’s go.
開(kāi)會(huì)的時(shí)間到了，我們走吧。
What day is today? -It’s Saturday. 今天星期幾?今天星期六。
What’s the date today? -It is October 1st. 今天是幾號(hào)? 今天是十月一日。
What season is it? -It is summer. 現(xiàn)在是什么季節(jié)?是夏季
3.it 指氣候
一般作無(wú)人稱動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)。
例如： Is it cold in this room? -No, it isn’t. 屋里冷嗎?不冷。
What’s the weather like today? -It is fine. 今天天氣怎么樣?是晴天。
It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city.
這個(gè)城市夏天經(jīng)常下雨，冬天經(jīng)常下雪。
4.it指距離、情況等
一般用作無(wú)人稱動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)。
例如： It is five kilometers from my home to the school. 從我家到學(xué)校有五公里。
It is very near from this factory to that one. 從這個(gè)工廠到那個(gè)工廠非常近。
It is a long way to the sea. 離海很遠(yuǎn)。
Is it well with you? 你身體好嗎?
三、it作形式主語(yǔ)
動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)、從句在句子中起主語(yǔ)作用，而這一部分用詞較多時(shí)，可以用it作為形式主語(yǔ)，放在句首代表其后所說(shuō)的事實(shí)上的、真正的主語(yǔ)，而把真正的主語(yǔ)放在后面。
1.It +謂語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式。It 作形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)。
例如： It is difficult to climb a mountain. 爬山是很艱難的。
It’s a good habit to do morning exercises. 作早操是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。
It’s important to do proper memory work in the study of a foreign language.
在學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)時(shí)適當(dāng)?shù)刈鲆恍┯兄谟洃浀木毩?xí)是很重要的。
It is right to do so. 這樣做是對(duì)的。
2.It+謂語(yǔ)+動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)
It 作形式主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作真正的主語(yǔ)。
例如： It is dangerous playing with fire. 玩火是危險(xiǎn)的。
It is no use learning without thinking. 學(xué)而不思則罔。
It’s useless arguing with a silly boy. 和笨孩子爭(zhēng)論是沒(méi)有用的。
3.It +謂語(yǔ)+名詞性從句
It 作形式主語(yǔ)，以that 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。
例如： It is a pity that you didn’t see such a good film. 你沒(méi)看這么好的電影，真可惜。
It is certain that we shall succeed. 我們一定會(huì)成功。
It is strange that nobody knows where he lives. 真奇怪，誰(shuí)也不知道他住在哪里。 (It is strange that…后面可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如：
It is strange that he should have made such a mistake. 他居然犯了這樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，真奇怪。
It is strange that nobody should know where he lives. 居然沒(méi)有人知道他住在哪里，真奇怪。)
It is said that the plane will take off at ten tomorrow morning.
據(jù)說(shuō)飛機(jī)明天上午十點(diǎn)起飛。
四、it作形式賓語(yǔ)
it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，代表其后所說(shuō)的真正的賓語(yǔ)。真正的賓語(yǔ)是以that 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句或不定式短語(yǔ)。
例如： I find it not so difficult to learn a foreign language.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)不那么困難。
I remember I made it clear to you that I was not coming.
我記得向你明確表示過(guò)我不來(lái)。
They want to make it clear to the public that they are doing an important and necessary job.
他們要向公眾表明，他們?cè)谧鲆患匾直匾墓ぷ鳌?/p>
五、it 用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)
在表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的結(jié)構(gòu)中，it 可用作先行代詞，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的句型如下：It +is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that +其他部分。如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，可用who, whom 代替that.
例如： Professor Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon. 王教授每星期一下午教我們英語(yǔ)。
強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)：It is Professor Wang who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.
強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語(yǔ)：It is us whom Prof. Wang teaches English every Monday afternoon.
強(qiáng)調(diào)直接賓語(yǔ)：It is English that Prof. Wang teaches us every Monday afternoon.
強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)：It is every Monday afternoon that Prof. Wang teaches us English.
It was here that I first met him. 這就是我初次與他見(jiàn)面的地方。
(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)) It is the people who are really powerful.
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