英語短語的類型
短語由一個(gè)頭(也稱為詞首)和一個(gè)或多個(gè)可選的修飾語組成，一個(gè)短語還可以包含其他短語組成。以下是小編整理的英語短語的類型，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
1. to do 結(jié)構(gòu)題
ask sb. to do sth. 請(qǐng)（叫）某人做某事
tell sb to do sth. 請(qǐng)（叫）某人做某事
help sb ( to) do sth. 協(xié)助做某事
want sb to do sth. 想要做某事
wish sb to do sth. 希望做某事
invite sb. to do sth. 約請(qǐng)某人做某事
drive sb. to do sth. 驅(qū)使某人做某事
expect sb. to do sth. 希冀某人做某事
forbid sb. to do sth. 制止某人做某事
force sb. to do sth. 強(qiáng)迫某人做某事
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
offer to do sth. 自動(dòng)提出做某事
plan to do sth. 方案做某事
prepare to do sth. 預(yù)備做某事
pretend to do sth. 偽裝做某事
promise to do sth. 容許做某事
refuse to do sth. 回絕做某事
fail to do sth. 未能做某事
happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
need sb to do sth. 需要某人做某事
need doing =need to be done. 某事需要被做
advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事
advise doing sth. 建議做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允許某人做某事
2. -ing 結(jié)構(gòu)
consider doing sth. 思索做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事
escape doing sth. 逃脫做某事
finish doing sth. 完成做某事
give up doing sth. 保持做某事
imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事
prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事
put off doing sth. 推延做某事
risk doing sth. 冒險(xiǎn)做某事
forbid doing sth. 制止做某事
forgive doing sth. 原諒做某事
3. 既 +to 又 +ing
remember to do sth. 記住去做某事，表示這件事情還沒有做
remember doing sth. 記得做過某事
forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事。 (已做)
regret to do sth. 遺憾地（要）做某事 （還未做呢）
regret doing sth. 后悔做過某事(已經(jīng)做過了）
try to do sth. 努力做謀事,盡力做某事，但不一定成功
try doing sth. 試圖做謀事
stop to do 表示停止現(xiàn)在在做的事情，開始做另外一件事情
stop doing 表示停止現(xiàn)在在做的事情
mean to do sth. 計(jì)劃做某事
mean doing sth. 意味著做某事
can’t help to do sth. 不能協(xié)助做某
can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
go on to do sth. 做了一件事后,接著做另一件事
go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做原來做的事
4. do 動(dòng)詞原形
let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
make sth. done 使某事完成
have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
have sth done 做完某事
see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事
see sb doing 看人某人正在做
hear sb. do sth. 聽見某人做某事
hear sb doing 聽見某人正在做
listen to sb. do sth. 聽著某人做某事
listen sb doing sth 聽著某人正在做
look at sb. do sth. 看著某人做某事
watch sb. do sth. 察看某人做某事
feel sb. do sth. 覺得某人做某事
5. 雙賓語
give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物
tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告訴某人某事
borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物
lend sth to sb 借某物給某人
buy sth for sb =buy sb sth 給某人買某物
show sb sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物
6. be 動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)
be at home = stay at home 在家
be in trouble 有麻煩
be careful of 小心……
be late for 因……遲到
be free 空閑的，有空
be busy doing/with sth 忙于……
be covered with 被……復(fù)蓋
be ready for 為……作好準(zhǔn)備
be surprised (at) 對(duì)……感到驚訝
be interested in 對(duì)……感到舉
be excited about 激動(dòng)于
be angry with 憤怒于
be mad at 瘋狂于
be friendly to 友好地去
be pleased with 很高興做
be satisfied with 對(duì)……很滿意
be famous for 因……而著名
be famous as 作為……而著名
be strict with 對(duì)……嚴(yán)格
be strict in 在……方面嚴(yán)格
be afraid of 害怕……
be afraid to do 害怕去做……
be glad to do 很高興去做……
be good for 對(duì)……有好處
be bad for 對(duì)……有害處
be good at = do well in 擅長(zhǎng)
be able to do 能去做……
7. 固定搭配
have a lesson /a meeting 上課/開會(huì)
have a try 試一試
have a good time 玩得很高興
have fun 玩得高興
have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯
have a meal (three meals) 吃一頓飯
have a fever 發(fā)燒
have a cold 感冒
have a look (at) 看一看……
have a rest 休息一會(huì)兒
have a talk 談話
have a walk =take a walk 散步
make friends (with) 與……交朋友
make a living 謀生
make a mistake 犯錯(cuò)誤
make a sentence 造句
be made from/of 由……制成
be made in 在……地方制造
look after =take care of 照管，照看，
look for 尋找
look like 看上去像
look out 當(dāng)心，小心
look around 朝四周看
look at 看著……
put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)
put up 張?zhí)?/p>
set up 豎起，建起
set off 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身
set out 出發(fā)
send for 派人去請(qǐng)
take ones advice 聽從某人勸告
take out 拿出，取出
take down 拿下
take place 發(fā)生
take the place of 代替
take it easy 別緊張
take away 拿走
take off 脫下,起飛，休假
day off / have off 休假
take photos 拍照
take some medicine 服藥
turn on 開，旋開(電燈，收音機(jī)等)
turn off 關(guān)上(電燈，收音機(jī)等)
turn down (把音量)調(diào)低
turn up 調(diào)高
turn in 交出，上交
turn…into… 變成
turn…over 把……翻過來
at once 立刻
at last 最后
at first 起先，首先
at the age of… 在……歲時(shí)
at the end of… 在……之末
by the end of… 到……底為止
at the beginning of… 在……之初
at night/noon 在夜里/中午
in the day 在白天
in all 總共
in fact 事實(shí)上
in ones twenties 在某人二十幾歲時(shí)
in a hurry 匆忙
in time 及時(shí)
in public 公眾，公開地
in order to 為了……
in front of 在……前面
in the front of 在某物內(nèi)的前面
in the end 最后，終于
in turn 依次
of course 當(dāng)然
from now on 從現(xiàn)在起
from then on 從那時(shí)起
for example 例如
far away from 遠(yuǎn)離
a piece of 一張(一片，塊)
a cup of 一茶懷
a glass of 一玻璃杯
a box of 一盒
a bottle of 一瓶
a set of 一套
a group of 一隊(duì)，一組，一群
a kind of 一種
all kinds of 所有種類
a type of 一種類型的
a different type of 一種不同型號(hào)的
a great deal of 非常多，大量的(不可數(shù)名詞)
a large (great) number of 非常多，大量的(可數(shù)名詞)
a great many 大量，許多(可數(shù)名詞)
all over the world/the country 全世界/全國(guó)
day after day 日復(fù)一日
day by day 一天天
up and down 上上下下
the day after tomorrow 后天
the day before yesterday 前天
8. 其他固定搭配
langht at 嘲笑
be used to doing習(xí)慣于
used to 過去常常
use sth to do sth 用某物做某事
wake…up 喚醒
work out 算出
hurry up 趕快，快點(diǎn)
think about 考慮……
think of 想到
be anxious about 擔(dān)憂
throw away 扔掉
hear of 聽說
hear from 收到……來信
instead of 代替……
with ones help 在某人的幫助下，由于
with the help of … 在……的幫助下
to ones surprise 令某人吃驚的是
up and down 上上下下
just now/then 剛才/那時(shí)
late on 過后，后來
work / study hard 努力工作
come out 解出
wait for 等待
do morning exercises 做早操
do eye exercises 做眼保健操
get on/along (well) with 與……相處（融洽）
常用英語短語動(dòng)詞
look的常用短語：
look up…in查找
look sb. up and down上下打量
look back to/ upon回顧
look upon…as把…看作
look forward to期待
look through瀏覽;看穿
take a new look呈現(xiàn)新面貌
fear的常用短語：
in fear害怕地
(be) in fear of害怕
for fear of/ that擔(dān)心；生怕
concentrate的常用短語：
concentrate on專心…
concentrate one’s mind on專心于…類似的短語：
fix one’s mind upon
focus on
put one’s heart into
focus one’s mind on
surprise常用短語：
in surprise驚訝地
to one’s surprise使某人驚訝的是
be surprise at/to do/that對(duì)某事感到驚訝
表示“穿衣”的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞和短語
1．表示動(dòng)作的有：
pull on
put on
dress
dress sb
2.表示狀態(tài)的有：
wear
be in
be dressed in
have…on
常見表“喜歡”的短語和單詞
like
care for
be keen on
be fond of
take delight in…
trouble的常用短語：
have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing在…有/沒有困難
take great trouble to do不辭辛勞做某事
put sb to the trouble of doing…為難某人做某事
make trouble搗亂
be in (great) trouble惹麻煩；處在困境中
help sb. out of trouble幫某人擺脫困境
end的常用短語：
come to anend……結(jié)束
put anendto結(jié)束……
onend豎起,連續(xù)
in theend終于;最后
endup (by) doing…以……結(jié)束
make bothends meet收支相抵
表示“導(dǎo)致”、“由…引起”的短語：
1.導(dǎo)致
cause sth. (to do)
result in
lead to
2.由……引起
be caused by
resultfrom
grow out of
lie in
表“全力以赴”的短語：
do / try one’s best
spare no efforts to do
take great pains to do
go all out to do
do what somebody can (do) to do
do all somebody can (do) to do
direction常用短語：
in (the ) direction of….朝……方向
under the direction of ...在……的指導(dǎo)下
follow the directions照說明去做
far常用短語：
farfrom(being)離……要求相差很遠(yuǎn)
farfrom+(a place)距離某地很遠(yuǎn)
far away遙遠(yuǎn)
so far到目前為止;那么遠(yuǎn)
as far as sb. knows/sees據(jù)某人所知
by far
(最高級(jí)前,比較級(jí)后)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用
distance常用短語：
in the distance在遠(yuǎn)處
from/ at a distance從遠(yuǎn)處
keep sb. at a distance于某人保持一定距離
It is no distance at all.不遠(yuǎn)
use常用短語：
used to do過去曾經(jīng)、常做
be used to doing…習(xí)慣于……
be used to do被用來做……
make good/ full use of充分利用……
come into use開始使用……
it is no use doing…干……沒有用
“出了什么事”的幾種不同表達(dá)
What’s wrong with….?
What’s the matter with…?
What’s the trouble with…?
What happened (to sb.) ?
“眾所周知”常用表達(dá)法：
It is known to all that…主語從句，that不能省
As is known to all,定語從句，置于句首
We all know (that)后接賓語從句
Everyone knows (that)后接賓語從句
, which is known to all.非限定從句，置于句末
表“同意某人意見”的常用短語：
agree with sb. /what sb. said
agree to sth.
approve (of) sth.
in favour of sth.
be agreeable to sth.
be for sth.“不同意”
disagree with sb./ what sb. said
object to sth.
disapprove (of) sth.
be against sth.
sign的常用短語：
sign one’s name簽名
sign to sb (not) to do sth.示意某人(不)做某事
signs of………的跡象
would rather與prefer的區(qū)別
1．寧愿做……而不做……
would rather do A than do B
prefer A to B
prefer to do A rather than do B
2. would rather主語+過去式，表示“寧愿”
eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.
should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer主語+過去式，表示“比較喜歡……”
eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone.
OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.
trap常用短語
be caught in a trap落入圈套
be led into a trap中圈套
set a trap to do sth.設(shè)圈套……
be trapped in sth.被…..所圍困
grow常用短語
in the grow of在….成長(zhǎng)中
grow up長(zhǎng)大;成長(zhǎng)
grow rich on靠…..變富
grow into長(zhǎng)成……
grow out of由…..引起/滋生出
make常用短語
be made up of =consist of由……組成
make up for彌補(bǔ)
be madefrom/ of由……造成
make up編造;組成;化妝
be made into制成……
make fun of取笑;嘲弄
make a living謀生
supply, provide, offer的區(qū)別：
1．表示“向某人提供某物”
supply / provide sb. with sth.
supply / provide sth. for sb.
supply sth. to sb.
offer sb. sth.
2.表示“主動(dòng)提出做某事”
offer to do sth.
3.表示“倘使”、“假如”
provided / providing that
= on condition that
=only if
4.表示“滿足需要”supply / meet a need.
supply的常用短語
in short supply缺乏，不足
medical/military supply醫(yī)療/軍用品
supplies of…許多
lack的常用短語
be lacking in sth.在……不足
make up for the lack of彌補(bǔ)……的不足
for/by/from/through lack of…由于…不足,缺乏
have no lack of不缺
damage的常用短語
do damage/harm to對(duì)……有害
cause damage to對(duì)……造成損害
ask for damage要求賠償
die of與diefrom的區(qū)別
die of表示“死于……病”或凍死、氣死，或死于過度悲傷。
die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold
diefrom表示死于外傷、事故、勞累過度。如：
diefrompolluted air/overwork/sword thrust
die常用短語
die for one’s country為國(guó)捐軀
die down熄滅、平息
die off絕種、枯死
die away消逝、靜下來
die a heroic death英勇犧牲
threaten常用短語
threaten sb. with sth.用……威脅某人
threaten to do…威脅做……
under the threat of…在……的威脅下
speed常用短語
speed up加速
at the speed of…以…..的速度
with great speed迅速
aim常用短語
take aim at瞄準(zhǔn)
reach an aim達(dá)到目的
aim at瞄準(zhǔn)、針對(duì)
permit與allow的區(qū)別表“允許做某事”或“允許某人做某事”用法基本相同。
permit/allow doing sth.
permit/allow sb. to do sth.
permit /allow of sth一般在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中表示“時(shí)間、條件等許可”，多用permit
Time/Weather permitting, I’ll drop in on her.
allow還可以表示“承認(rèn)”、“考慮到”。例如：
1. We allow him to be wronged.
2. will take an hour to go there, allowing for traffic delays.
means常用短語
by means of通過…..,靠……
by this means/ in this way用這種方法
by no means/in no case決不
by all means用一切辦法
keep常用短語
keep up with緊跟…..
keep sb. doing sth.讓某人一直做
keep sb.fromdoing sth.阻止…..做……
keep off the grass勿踏草地
keep to the point緊扣主題
keep in touch with與……保持聯(lián)系
mark常用短語
make one’s mark成功、出名
be marked with標(biāo)明
gain/get full marks for……得滿分
seat常用短語
take one’s seat坐下
have a seat請(qǐng)坐
see/find sb. seated看見/發(fā)現(xiàn)某人坐在….
be seated就座,坐著
seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在……
部分動(dòng)詞+ to + doing的用法
look forward to
get down to
object to
devote…to…
pay attention to
prefer…to…
give常用短語
give up放棄
give in讓步屈服
give off散發(fā)出
give away贈(zèng)送、泄漏
give rise to引起……
give out疲勞、用完、散發(fā)出
fit常用短語
be fit for適合
keep fit/keep healthy保持健康
be fit to do適合于…..
fit in with適應(yīng)……
a nice fit合身的衣服…fit sb.某人穿…..合身
reach常用短語
reach an agreement達(dá)成協(xié)議
reach for…伸手去拿/夠……
within / out of reach夠得到/夠不著
reach sb’s understanding使某人明白
feed常用短語
feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth.用……喂養(yǎng)……
be fed up of…/ be tired of…/ be bored with…對(duì)……感到厭倦
feed on以……為食
mercy常用短語
without mercy殘忍地
have mercy on /upon對(duì)……表示憐憫
at the mercy of任憑擺布
beg for mercy乞求饒恕
exist常用短語
exist in/lie in/consist in存在于……
in existence現(xiàn)存的
come into existence/ come into being形成
opinion常用短語
in one’s opinion =in the opinion of sb.在某人看來
have a high/ low opinion of對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)高/低
give one’s opinion on對(duì)……談自己的看法
persuade常用短語
persuade sb. to do =
persuade sb. into doing說服某人做某事
try to persuade sb. to do試圖說服某人做某事
persuade sb. to sth.說服某人同意某事
engage常用短語
be engaged to sb.與某人訂婚
be engaged in sth. =
be engaged doing sth.忙于……,從事某事
wide與broad的區(qū)別它們均可以表“寬”和“廣闊的”
a river 50 feet wide/ broad指身體部位“寬肩、寬背”一般用broad,表示“睜大眼睛、張大嘴巴”一般用wide。
broad shoulders/ back
with wide eyes
open one’s mouth wide
wide還可以作副詞，表示“完全、大大地”
be wide awake
be wide open
sure常用短語
be sure of/about對(duì)……由把握
be sure to do sth.肯定會(huì)……
make sure + that-clause務(wù)必……,一定要……
make sure of…弄清楚……
experience常用短語
have experience in…在……有經(jīng)驗(yàn)
be experienced in…在……有經(jīng)驗(yàn)
pain常用短語
take great pains to do努力做某事
spare no pains to do全力以赴做某事
stick常用短語
stick to sth.堅(jiān)持……
stick…on…粘貼……
be stuck in…陷進(jìn)……
stick no bills請(qǐng)勿張貼
spare常用短語
spare money/time for省出錢…，騰出時(shí)間
in one’s spare time在某人業(yè)余時(shí)間
spare no efforts to do不遺余力去做
don’t spare the opinions不要保留意見
put down的不同含義
put down (one’s knife and fork)放下……
pit down the rebellion鎮(zhèn)壓
put down what sb. says記下，寫下
take up的不同含義
take up a hobby培養(yǎng)……
take up football開始……
take up the work繼續(xù)……
take up…time/space消耗,占據(jù)……
take up a post就職
take up a song/ cry跟著一起……
habit常用短語
form/get the habit of養(yǎng)成……習(xí)慣
be in/have the habit of有…….習(xí)慣
get into the habit of沾染了……惡習(xí)
get rid of the habit=
grow out of the habit=
break awayfromthe habit
改掉了……習(xí)慣
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