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2017年高考英語閱讀理解備考練習題
練習題(一)
(一)
Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband's income. So this year she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms. Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said, “The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds, too; so it's a win??win situation all around.”
They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy (經(jīng)濟), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Others have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country have been sold out for several months. In Austin, Tex., some of the gardens have a three-year waiting list.
George C. Ball Jr., owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40% over last year, double the average growth of the last five years. Mr. Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables. Food prices have increased because of higher oil prices. People are now driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more time to garden.
1.What does the word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A.chickens
B.tomatoes
C.gardens
D.people
2.Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?
A.More Americans are doing it for fun.
B.The price of oil is lower than before.
C.There's a growing need for fruits.
D.The cost of living is on the rise.
3.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A.Family Food Planning
B.Banking on Gardening
C.A Belt??tightening Move
D.Gardening as a Hobby
【答案】
1.A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前半句可知，這家的農(nóng)舍變成了雞舍，所以下個月要住進來的`應該是“雞”。
2.D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“The cost of everything is going up”和第二段第一句中的“higher living costs and a falling economy”以及最后一段第三句中的“the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk，together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables”可以看出，種植蔬菜流行的原因是生活費用的提高。
3.B 主旨大意題�？v觀全文可知，很多人種植蔬菜不僅是出于愛好，更重要的是為了節(jié)省生活費用，所以應選B項，bank作為動詞是“存款”的意思。
(二)
Since 1984, Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. One by one, graffiti-covered walls are being changed into outdoor art. So far, more than 1,800 murals (壁畫) have been painted.Philadelphia now has more murals than any other American city.
The walls that were once ugly with graffiti (涂鴉) are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP). Its work makes schools and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. The program began as part of Philadelphia's Anti-Graffiti Network. Jane Golden is the MAP's artistic director. “When people ask me what our program is about，” she says, “I answer them with one word: hope”. Each year, the MAP offers youth art programs and workshops. Some one??time graffiti writers even help paint MAP murals.
The MAP's work, says Golden, is all about developing a sense of community (社區(qū)). When a neighborhood requests a mural, the MAP works with the people there to develop a message. Some messages have been “Safe Streets”， “Love and Care”， and “Peace Walk”.
The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. Last year, the workers painted 140 murals.
“The making of a mural enters people's collective memory as an extraordinary, pleasant moment in neighborhood history.” says Golden, who began as a muralist in Los Angeles.
1.What can be the best title for the text?
A.Love, from Graffiti Writers to Muralists
B.MAP, a New Company in Philadelphia
C.Jane, an Excellent Mural Artist
D.Hope, One Wall at a Time
2.What is the Mural Arts Program in Philadelphia aimed at?
A.Helping the young find jobs.
B.Protecting the neighborhood.
C.Fighting against graffiti.
D.Attracting more visitors.
3.How does the MAP decide on the message for a mural?
A.By having discussions with people in the community.
B.By seeking advice from the city government.
C.By learning from the young graffiti writers.
D.By studying the history of the city.
4.Which of the following words best describes the work of the MAP?
A.Difficult.
B.Dangerous.
C.Experimental.
D.Successful.
【答案】
1.D 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段Jane Golden的話可知，當人們問及該項目是關于什么的時候，她用一個詞來概括，即Hope，故D項為最佳標題。
2.C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一、二段，昔日曾經(jīng)被涂鴉的墻壁正被美麗的壁畫所覆蓋，以使社區(qū)更具魅力，因此對抗涂鴉應是該項目的目的。
3.A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，當社區(qū)的'居民請求畫一張壁畫時，該項目的工作人員就和當?shù)氐娜藗円黄鸸ぷ鱽頂M定出一個主題，故選A項。
4.D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段及倒數(shù)第二段可知，該項目很成功，故選D項。
練習題(二)
(一)
For those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，self-awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware (意識) of itself has a high level of intelligence.
Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is，its own reflected image (反射出的影像). Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans, and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.
Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror self-reflection test.
“We thought that elephants were the next important animal.” said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans B. M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains, Reiss said, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins”.
The researchers tested Happy, Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put an 8-foot-square mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.
The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it, and to examine parts of their bodies.
Of the three, Happy then passed the test, in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.
Diana Reiss said, “We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”
1.What can mirror tests tell us about animals?
A.Whether they have large brains.
B.Whether they have self-awareness.
C.Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises.
D.Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.
2.Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?
A.They are most familiar to readers.
B.They are big favorites with zoo visitors.
C.They are included in the study by Reiss.
D.They are already known to be intelligent.
3.What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty?
A.She used her nose to search behind the mirror.
B.She recognized her own image in the mirror.
C.She painted a mark on her own face.
D.She found the hidden camera.
【答案】
1.B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，通過研究動物是否在鏡子中識別自己可以測試它們的自我意識。
2.D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，作者提到猿和海豚是因為它們和人一樣可以識別鏡中自己的形象，是人們已知的有智力的動物;再根據(jù)第三段，一個亞洲象也通過了該測試，也加入到有智力的'行列里，故選D項。
3.B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段，三個大象中只有Happy通過了鏡子測試，也就是說只有她能識別鏡中自己的形象，因此這是她有別于其他大象的地方，故選B項
(二)
Think about the different ways that people use the wind.You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat.Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (來源), as well as one of the oldest.Evidence shows that windmills (風車) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC.They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.
For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground.When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity.This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.
During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity.People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever.Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs.Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.
1.From the text we know that windmills ________.
A.were invented by European armies
B.have a history of more than 2,800 years
C.used to supply power to radio in remote areas
D.have rarely been used since electricity was discovered
2.What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century?
A.Sailing a boat.
B.Producing electricity.
C.Grinding wheat into flour.
D.Pumping water from underground.
3.One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________.
A.wind power is cleaner
B.it is one of the oldest power sources
C.it was cheaper to create energy from wind
D.the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs
4.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
A.The advantages of wind power.
B.The design of wind power plants.
C.The worldwide movement to save energy.
D.The global trend towards producing power from wind.
【答案】
1.C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.”可推出，C項符合題意。
2.B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity.”可知，B項符合題目要求。
3.A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的`“people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity”可知，A項符合題意。
4.D 推理判斷題。第三段最后已提出現(xiàn)在全球已越來越多地使用風力發(fā)電，所以下一段應該要進一步推廣使用風力發(fā)電，這是一種總體的能源發(fā)展趨勢。故D項正確。
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