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2016年公共英語(yǔ)一級(jí)閱讀理解過(guò)關(guān)策略
對(duì)于公共英語(yǔ)一級(jí)考試的同學(xué)們來(lái)說(shuō)，考試考得大部分都是考節(jié)問(wèn)題。閱讀題解題的關(guān)鍵是在原文中找到于題目對(duì)應(yīng)的句子，然后一般從原句中就可以找到答案。以下是小編結(jié)合閱讀題型講解的閱讀策略，希望幫助到各位。
一般說(shuō)來(lái)，英語(yǔ)閱讀有精讀(intensive reading)、泛讀(extensive reading)和快讀(fast reading)三種形式。
精讀的任務(wù)在于傳授系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)(語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)法、詞匯、篇章 結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)言功能意念等)，訓(xùn)練基本語(yǔ)言技能(聽、說(shuō)、讀、寫、譯)，培養(yǎng)初步運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行交際的能力。
泛讀的任務(wù)在于著重提高閱讀理解能力;培養(yǎng)細(xì)致觀察語(yǔ)言以及假設(shè)、判斷、分析、歸納、推理論證等邏輯思維能力;培養(yǎng)速讀能力以及閱讀的興趣，擴(kuò)大詞匯量，增強(qiáng)文化背景知識(shí)。從用途上看，泛讀的實(shí)用性最廣。在實(shí)際生活里80% ～90%的閱讀都是泛讀。只有具有較強(qiáng)的、適應(yīng)實(shí)際需要的泛讀能力的人，才可以說(shuō)具有閱讀能力。
快速閱讀則要求讀者在非常有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)迅速完成讀者與作者書面交際的任務(wù)。在閱讀過(guò)程中，略過(guò)無(wú)關(guān)信息，篩選有關(guān)信息，利用標(biāo)題、段落、主題句和關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，辨認(rèn)要點(diǎn)，迅速有效地獲取重要信息。提高閱讀速度，進(jìn)行快速閱讀也有一些具體方法和技巧問(wèn)題，如快速泛讀、計(jì)時(shí)閱讀、略讀和尋讀等。
以上只是英語(yǔ)閱讀方法的介紹，最重要的還是實(shí)踐。一個(gè)人的閱讀速度是由各種因素決定的，如知識(shí)的多少、語(yǔ)言水平的高低、視域的大小、閱讀的習(xí)慣、精神集中的程度，等等。但只要下定決心，掌握各種閱讀技巧，注意平時(shí)知識(shí)的積累，改進(jìn)閱讀方法，克服在閱讀理解和閱讀速度方面存在的障礙，進(jìn)行大量的閱讀實(shí)踐，就一定能把閱讀理解率和閱讀速度提
1. Why do most visitors come to Cambridge?
[A] To see Cambridge University. [B] To study in the colleges in Cambridge.
[C] To use the libraries of the university.
2. What does "its" refer to (指的是??) in "... most of its members are ..."?
[A] The museum or office. [B] The people in Cambridge.
[C] The University of Cambridge
3. Around what time did the university begin to appear?
[A] In the 9th century. [B] In the 13th century.
[C] In the 15th century.
4. Why did people name the city Cambridge?
[A] Because there is a bridge over the Cam.
[B] Because the river was very well known.
[C] Because there is a river named Granta.
5. After which year did the town really begin to develop?
[A] After 800. [B] After 875. [C] After 1845.
6. From what we read, we know that now Cambridge is ________.
[A] visited by international tourists [B] a city of growing population [C] may have a wall around it
【名師精解】本題的正確答案是：[A],[C],[B],[A],[B].可以肯出這六道題目都屬于細(xì)節(jié)判斷的題目，在解答這類題目時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該找到原文中相應(yīng)的句子。第一道小題的答案可以從下面的句子得出：Thousands of people from all over the world come to visit the university town.. It has become a famous place all around the world.我們從常識(shí)可以判斷作為一個(gè)旅游勝地，從絕對(duì)人數(shù)上說(shuō)，到劍橋旅游的人必然多于到劍橋求學(xué)的學(xué);第二小題可以從以下句子得出：The university is the city. You can find the classroom buildings, libraries, museums and offices of the university all over the city. And most of its members are the students and teachers or professors of the thirty-one colleges. 從常識(shí)判斷the member of museum or office不會(huì)是學(xué)生和教授,這樣就排除了[A]，因此我們可以把中間的句子抽出來(lái)，這樣從句子結(jié)構(gòu)中可以明顯的看出its指代的是the University of Cambridge;第三小題可以從以下句子判斷：Cambridge was already a developing town long before the first students and teachers arrived 800 years ago.理解了句子意思，考生只需做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的減法運(yùn)算就可以得出正確答案;第四小題可以從以下句子判斷：It grew up by the river Granta, as the Cam was once called. A bridge was built over the river as early as 875.In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries more and more land was used for college buildings.這道題目的答案不在原文中，需要考生做一些推理。既然學(xué)校一度被叫過(guò)the river 的名字Granta，從學(xué)校現(xiàn)在的名字the university of Cambridge以及文中的信息A bridge was built over the river as early as 875.不難推斷出劍橋名字的由來(lái);第五小題It grew up by the river Granta , as the Cam was once called. A bridge was built over the river as early as 875. 只要理解了這個(gè)句子的意義，相信不難得出正確答案;第六小題可以從以下句子中判斷：The town grew much faster in the nineteenth century after the opening of the railway in 1845. Cambridge became a city in 1951 and now it has a population (人口) of over 100,000.從這些句子的意義可以看出，劍橋的人口是不斷增加的。從Thousands of people from all over the world come to visit the university town.一句中可以看出到劍橋旅游的人不只是國(guó)外的人，肯定也會(huì)有國(guó)內(nèi)的人。從no one can give them a clear answer for there is no wall to be found around the university.中可以看出劍橋一向沒(méi)有圍墻，從整體的文意看，也不會(huì)有建造圍墻的計(jì)劃。
以上方法，需要同學(xué)們運(yùn)用到實(shí)際的做題中去，多加練習(xí)。
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