20個雅思易混淆詞匯盤點

　　在平平淡淡的學習中，說到知識點，大家是不是都習慣性的重視？知識點也不一定都是文字，數(shù)學的知識點除了定義，同樣重要的公式也可以理解為知識點。哪些才是我們真正需要的知識點呢？以下是小編幫大家整理的20個雅思易混淆詞匯盤點，僅供參考，希望能夠幫助到大家。

　　詞匯盤點1：

　　1.Wanton (adj.) Showing no care for the feelings of others; out of control. As in: "As flies to wanton boys are we to the gods. They kill us for their sport." —William Shakespeare, King Lear

　　Wanton(adj.)：不在乎別人感情的;失控的。

　　我們之于神，正如蒼蠅之于野孩子。他們殺死我們，不過是為了娛樂(可能有不達之處，請各位諒解指正!以下同)

　　--威廉.莎士比亞 《李爾王》

　　2.Citadel (n.) A fortress that commands a city; a stronghold. As in: "She seemed to know, to accept, to welcome her position, the citadel of the family, the strong place that could not be taken." —John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath

　　Citadel (n.)：城堡;要塞

　　她似乎理解，接受，也安于她的地位，家庭里的城堡，不能被奪走的好位置。

　　--約翰.斯坦貝克《憤怒的葡萄》

　　3.Blasé (adj.) Showing a lack of interest; affected boredom. As in: "Believe me, I may be a bit blasé, but I can still get any man I want." ―F. Scott Fitzgerald, Gatsby Girls

　　Blasé (adj.)：厭倦的;裝出來的厭倦

　　相信我，我雖然厭倦于此，但我想要哪個男人，我還是能得到的。

　　--司各特.菲茨杰拉德《蓋茨比女孩》

　　4.Tawdry (adj.) Cheap and gaudy in appearance. As in: "The more wonderful the means of communication, the more trivial, tawdry, or depressing its contents seemed to be." ―Arthur C. Clarke, 2001: A Space Odyssey

　　Tawdry (adj.): 廉價而俗麗的

　　交流的方式越神奇，其內(nèi)容似乎就越無意義，越華而不實、越讓人壓抑。

　　--亞瑟.C.克拉克 《2001太空漫游》

　　5.Mien (n.) Demeanor. As in: "Mr. Darcy soon drew the attention of the room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien, and the report which was in general circulation within five minutes after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year." —Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice

　　Mien(n.): 神態(tài)，儀表

　　達西先生個頭又高又勻稱，五官精致，神態(tài)高貴，很快就吸引了房間里所有人的注意。他進門不到五分鐘，消息就滿屋傳開了：他一年進帳上萬啦!

　　--簡.奧斯汀《傲慢與偏見》

　　6.Retentive (adj.) Able to retain or remember many things. As in: "I am an omnivorous reader with a strangely retentive memory for trifles." ―Arthur Conan Doyle, The Complete Sherlock Holmes

　　Retentive (adj.)：有記性的;記性強的

　　我無書不讀，對細節(jié)記得特別深刻。

　　--亞瑟.柯楠.道爾《夏洛克.福爾摩斯全集》

　　7.Servile (adj.) Submissive; slavish. As in: "Throw a stick, and the servile dog wheezes and pants and stumbles to bring it to you. Do the same before a cat, and he will eye you with coolly polite and somewhat bored amusement." —H.P. Lovecraft, Something About Cats

　　Servile (adj.): 畢恭畢敬的;屈從的

　　扔出一根棍子，奴隸一般的狗就會呼哧呼哧忙不迭地給你銜回來。在貓跟前做同樣的事，他會瞄你一眼，冷冷地、禮貌地、又有些倦怠的開心。

　　--H.P. 洛夫克拉夫特《說貓》

　　8.Simper (v.) To smile insincerely. As in: "If you ever find a man you love, dont waste time hanging your head and simpering. Go right up to him and say, I love you. How about getting married?" ― Betty Smith, A Tree Grows in Brooklyn

　　Simper (v.): 假笑;訕笑

　　你若是找到了心愛的男人，別只顧耷拉著頭傻笑。走上前去，對他說：“我愛你。我們結(jié)婚如何?”

　　--貝蒂.史密斯《布魯克林有棵樹》

　　9.Qualm (n.) A sudden feeling of uneasiness, uncertainty, or nausea. As in: "She was like a bride-to-be who begins to feel her sickening qualms as the day approaches, and dares not speak her mind" —Ian McEwan, Atonement

　　Qualm(n.): 突然覺得的不適或疑惑

　　她就像一位待嫁的新娘，隨著日子的臨近，開始感到惶恐不安，還不敢說出來。

　　--伊恩.麥克尤恩《贖罪》

　　10.Mendicant (n.) A beggar. As in: "An artist without ideas is a mendicant; barren, he goes begging among the hours." ― Irving Stone, The Agony and the Ecstasy

　　Mendicant (n.): 乞丐

　　沒有思想的藝術(shù)家就如乞丐;成天可憐兮兮地四處乞討。

　　--歐文.斯通《痛苦與狂喜》

　　11.Oblique (adj.) Indirect; slanted. As in: "He watched sleepily the flakes, silver and dark, falling obliquely against the lamplight." —James Joyce, Dubliners

　　間接的;傾斜的

　　12.Churlish (adj.) Impolite, hard to work with. As in: "Wretched inmates! I ejaculated, mentally, you deserve perpetual isolation from your species for your churlish inhospitality." —Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights

　　無禮的，不好合作的

　　13.Discordant (adj.) Out of harmony; conflicting. As in: "And travellers now within that valley, /Through the red-litten windows see/ Vast forms that move fantastically/ To a discordant melody" —Edgar Allen Poe, The Fall of The House of Usher

　　不和諧的;矛盾的

　　14.Upbraid (v.) To severely criticize; scold. As in: "That fiend! Mr. Darling would cry, and Nanas bark was the echo of it, but Mrs. Darling never upbraided Peter; there was something in the right-hand corner of her mouth that wanted her not to call Peter names." ― J.M. Barrie, Peter Pan

　　嚴厲指責

　　15.Adage (n.) An old and well-known saying. As in: "Einmal ist keinmal, says Tomas to himself. What happens but once, says the German adage, might as well not have happened at all." —Milan Kundera, The Unbearable Lightness of Being

　　格言

　　16.Oust (v.) To remove from power; supplant. As in: "Let faith oust fact; let fancy oust memory; I look deep down and do believe." ― Herman Melville, Moby-Dick

　　驅(qū)逐;取代

　　17.Haughty (adj.) Disdainfully proud; arrogant. As in: "Out from the door of the farmhouse came a long file of pigs, all walking on their hind legs...out came Napoleon himself, majestically upright, casting haughty glances from side to side" —George Orwell, Animal Farm

　　傲氣的;不可一世的

　　18.Malinger (v.) To pretend to be sick or injured to avoid work. As in: "Pike, the malingerer, who, in his lifetime of deceit, had often successfully feigned a hurt leg, was now limping in earnest." —Jack London, The Call of The Wild

　　裝病逃避工作

　　19.Voracious (adj.) Having a huge appetite; ravenous. As in: "It occurred to me that the voracious ambition of humans is never sated by dreams coming true, because there is always the thought that everything might be done better and again." ―John Green, The Fault in Our Stars

　　貪婪的;如饑似渴的

　　20.Stoical (adj.) Showing no emotion, especially in response to pain or distress. As in: "The stoical scheme of supplying our wants by lopping off our desires, is like cutting off our feet, when we want shoes." ― Jonathan Swift, Thoughts on Various Subjects

　　不為所動的

　　相關(guān)資料：

　　所以我們來一起看一看常見的替換類型：

　　1、描述型替換

　　題目和原文是現(xiàn)象對應本質(zhì)，概念對應例子, 或單詞對其解釋。

　　比如狄老師認真回答學生問題, 批改作業(yè)到深夜，原文中說有職業(yè)責任感，這個就是同義替換.

　　我們以真題為例：

　　題目：The consumption of fossil fuel would be cut because agricultural vehicles would be unnecessary. C11

　　原文：It would reduce fossil fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping.

　　其中vehicles對應其中的一種例子tractor，unnecessary對應其詞義解釋cutting out the need for，再比如：

　　C8 chemical fertilizer and pesticide，farming grow plants and herd animals

　　C9 serious problemsnuclear war and pollution，C10 a range of functions gathering, leisure, relaxation, worship

　　C11 Unnecessarycutting out the need for

　　很明顯不屬于同義詞, 但卻是對同一事物的不同表達方式, 多個詞對應一個詞.這在雅思中出現(xiàn)幾率非常大. 這種替換找不到就會很惱火,因為全是你認識的詞, 但是就是腦子轉(zhuǎn)不過來, 所以需要大家有這么一個意識, 不要按同義詞嚴絲合縫的去找替換.

　　2、同義詞替換

　　此類替換比較復雜，也非常常見。

　　比如:

　　題目:Much effort is made and correct answers are emphasized C6T3

　　原文:The emphasis is on hard work coupled with a focus on accuracy.

　　其中Much efforthard work, andcoupled with, correct answersaccuracy, emphasisfocus on

　　但是有些題目，大家會發(fā)現(xiàn)詞都認識，但感覺不到其間的替換關(guān)系?

　　原因很簡單，這些單詞你并不認識。中英單詞不是一一對應的，單詞的核心意思具體語境下會有變化，拘泥于中文含義理解單詞則體會不出單詞的語境意，也就找不到替換了。

　　題目: the most important step is for school authorities to produce a _ policy _C6T4

　　原文:A key step is to develop a policy on

　　produce和develop 能不能叫替換詞?生產(chǎn)和發(fā)展,乍一看好像不是。理解詞義的最好方式是看英英詞典, 但大家能堅持做到的不會很多, 所以大家可以嘗試方式, 用中文解釋其中文詞義，解釋后的部分更貼近單詞的核心詞義。生產(chǎn)和發(fā)展都是弄出了一個什么新的東西，本義是相近的。

　　再比如

　　原文： detect(偵查)the flaws

　　題目： locate(定位)the faults

　　Detect和locate都有尋找的位置的意思，本質(zhì)上是有相同的含義的。

　　原文：there is damage to property too.

　　題目： does considerable damage to buildings

　　這就是一詞多義，有些詞義比較接近，有些相差較遠，這在語言中是一個很常見的現(xiàn)象，比如在漢語中，問：小紅，你有腿毛嗎?答：有個毛啊!

　　粗暴地背中文詞義很難能解決問題，大家應該嘗試去理解單詞在不同語境、針對不同對象時詞義的變化。至于怎么背閱讀的詞, 咱們?nèi)蘸笤僬f。

　　3、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換

　　單詞的后綴決定詞性，大多數(shù)情況下后綴改變不影響詞義，少部分詞有詞義的變化。

　　Consume consumption

　　secrete secretions

　　fertilize fertilizers

　　creativity creative

　　investigative investigate

　　half halve

　　prefer preference

　　emit emission

　　error erroneous

　　medical medicine

　　當我們確定要找的題目中的詞不認識時，我們只能找到它在原文中的原詞重或詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。大家可以在背單詞時留心一下詞綴部分，不用去背名詞后綴有什么，動詞后綴有什么，你只需要逆向看到這個后綴能聯(lián)系到題目中的詞即可。

　　4、邏輯詞的替換

　　主要考察四種邏輯：因果，并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，否定，考察的較少，但是也偶爾會成為出題點

　　因果：because for，as，since，result in，therefore，contribute to，breed因為導致都含有一個因果關(guān)系的替換，有因就有果。

　　并列：and as well as， first second third，range fromto

　　轉(zhuǎn)折：but however，despite， although

　　盡管但是 都有一個讓步轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯，比如：雖然你長得丑，但是你想得美啊。在英語中出現(xiàn)了although則不會出現(xiàn)but，否定：not 如果題目中有否定詞，經(jīng)常可以拿來優(yōu)先尋找，因為全文大多是肯定句，少數(shù)是否定句，會更加好尋找一些，比如：lack、 vanish、 in need of、little、fail to, 以及有l(wèi)ess、free等否定后綴的詞。

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