雅思閱讀模擬試卷：四部重要的早期電影

　　雅思閱讀有它自己獨(dú)特的特點(diǎn)，雅思閱讀考試是一項(xiàng)費(fèi)神費(fèi)力的考試，所以考生們最好一次就能取得好的成績(jī)，以下是yjbys網(wǎng)小編整理的關(guān)于雅思閱讀模擬試卷：四部重要的早期電影，供大家備考。

　　雅思閱讀模擬試卷：四部重要的早期電影

　　This reading test contains 10 questions. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

　　To make it more authentic, download the test and do it with pen and paper.

　　Read the passage below and answer questions 1-10.

　　Four Early Important Films

　　The Birth of a Nation (America) 1915

　　The Birth of a Nation tells a story about two families who are friends but hold different beliefs and are torn apart during the American Civil War. This film was the most expensive ever made, costing one hundred thousand US dollars – a paltry sum in today’s film industry but at the time an absolute fortune. Tickets were also incredibly expensive at two dollars, but audiences thought it was more than worth it, and the film more than made up the money spent on its production. This film included things never before seen in cinema – a coherent plot, excellent acting, and inventive camerawork. This was the first film to be seen as a feature film, and from this point on, movies, no longer an arcade novelty, became respectable. It also set a precedent for future blockbusters, films in which huge amounts of money are invested in the hopes of even larger returns at the box office.

　　Potemkin (Russia) 1925

　　Potemkin was directed by Sergei Eisenstein, who followed Lenin’s belief that art could influence politics and that the cinema was their country’s most important art form. The film, set in 1905, follows the story of sailors on the battleship Potemkin as they grow tired of conditions on the ship and start a rebellion which spreads from the ship to the town where the ship is anchored. Potemkin was unusual at the time in that it didn’t look like a staged film. Eisenstein chose to use people who had never acted before to achieve a sense of reality in the film. In addition, he chose to shoot the film on location rather than on a created set in a studio.

　　The Passion of Joan of Arc (France) 1928

　　The film follows the trial and execution of Joan of Arc as based on historical records that had recently come to light. The aspect of this film that makes it different from those that came before was the camerawork - this is the first film that makes good use of close-ups. The audience, by looking closely at the faces of the characters, felt the emotions of the characters through their facial expressions and the film itself moved forward through the faces and emotions of the characters / actors rather than actions or events. The film is considered the last great silent film. In fact, the technology required to make films with sound had just recently arrived at the time of filming, but the director failed to get the funding needed to film with sound.

　　Citizen Kane (America) 1940

　　One of the most famous films of all time, Citizen Kane follows the life story of rich and enigmatic Charles Foster Kane, based largely on William Randolph Hearst, as a reported tries to discover the meaning behind Kane’s dying word, ‘rosebud’. Citizen Kane was directed by Orson Welles, who also played Kane. Hearst, knowing of the film and the fact that it was based on his life, tried by various means to suppress it. He mostly succeeded, and the film was largely unseen until it was revived in the late 1950s, and while the film was nominated for nine Academy Awards that year, the audience at the award ceremony refused to applaud when the film was announced. Because of all of this, Citizen Kane is considered by some to be the most controversial movies in the history of film. On the technical side, Citizen Kane makes full use of the sound and camerawork technology available at the time and employed both in new and creative ways.

　　Questions

　　Answer the questions below with A-E.

　　A – The Birth of a Nation

　　B – Potemkin

　　C – The Passion of Joan of Arc

　　D – Citizen Kane

　　E – Doesn’t say

　　Which film(s):

　　1) Is/Are based on real people?

　　2) Is/Are silent films?

　　3) Changed film from being a curiosity to an art form?

　　4) Was/Were not praised at the time of release?

　　5) Was/Were designed and crafted to look like a film record of real events?

　　6) Was/Were the most expensive of all four?

　　7) Was/Were commercially successful?

　　8) Was meant to influence the audiences’ political views

　　9) Focuses on thought and feelings rather than action

　　10) Stars the director in the main role?

　　Answers

　　1) C, D

　　2) A, B, C

　　3) A

　　4) D

　　5) B

　　6) E

　　7) A

　　8) B

　　9) C

　　10) D

　　雅思閱讀模擬試卷

　　1. The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels. But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of ’good’ cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease.

　　2. Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib， a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)。 In a trial of 15000 patients， a safety board found that more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking the drug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who took the statin alone.

　　3. The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists because earlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates of cardiovascular disease. There have been no red flags to my knowledge， says John Chapman， a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris who has also studied torcetrapib. This cancellation came as a complete shock.

　　4. Torcetrapib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designed to raise levels of HDLs， which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body. Specifically， torcetrapib blocks a protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)， which normally transfers the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density， plaque-promoting ones. Statins， in contrast， mainly work by lowering the ’bad’ low-density lipoproteins.

　　Under pressure

　　5. Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired， something that will not become clear until the clinical details are released by Pfizer. One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raises blood pressure in some patients. It was thought that this mild problem would be offset by the heart benefits of the drug. But it is possible that it actually proved fatal in some patients who already suffered high blood pressure. If blood pressure is the explanation， it would actually be good news for drug developers because it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound. Other prototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightly different way and might not suffer the same downfall.

　　6. But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed， says Moti Kashyap， who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Center in Long Beach， California. When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver， they actually rely on LDLs for part of this process. So inhibiting CETP， which prevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL， might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body. You’re blocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectively constipating the pathway， says Kashyap.

　　Going up

　　7. Most researchers remain confident that elevating high density lipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes for helping heart disease patients. But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood. One approved drug， called niacin， is known to both raise HDL and reduce cardiovascular risk but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat and tingling. Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect and whether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone. Scientists are also working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by， for example， introducing synthetic HDLs. The only thing we know is dead in the water is torcetrapib， not the whole idea of raising HDL， says Michael Miller， director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center， Baltimore.

　　(613 words nature)

　　Questions 1-7

　　This passage has 7 paragraphs 1-7.

　　Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

　　Write the correct number i-ix in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

　　List of Headings

　　i. How does torcetrapib work?

　　ii. Contradictory result prior to the current trial

　　iii. One failure may possibly bring about future success

　　iv. The failure doesn’t lead to total loss of confidence

　　v. It is the right route to follow

　　vi. Why it’s stopped

　　vii. They may combine and theoretically produce ideal result

　　viii. What’s wrong with the drug

　　ix. It might be wrong at the first place

　　Example answer

　　Paragraph 1 iv

　　1. Paragraph 2

　　2. Paragraph 3

　　3. Paragraph 4

　　4. Paragraph 5

　　5. Paragraph 6

　　6. Paragraph 7

　　Questions 7-13

　　Match torcetrapib，HDLs，statin and CETP with their functions (Questions 8-13)。

　　Write the correct letter A， B， C or D in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.

　　NB You may use any letter more than once.

　　7.It has been administered to over 10，000 subjects in a clinical trial.

　　8.It could help rid human body of cholesterol.

　　9.Researchers are yet to find more about it.

　　10. It was used to reduce the level of cholesterol.

　　11. According to Kashyap， it might lead to unwanted result if it’s blocked.

　　12. It produced contradictory results in different trials.

　　13. It could inhibit LDLs.

　　List of choices

　　A. Torcetrapic

　　B. HDLS

　　C. Statin

　　D. CETP

　　(by Zhou Hong)

　　Suggested Answers and Explanations

　　1. vi

　　2. ii

　　3. vii 本段介紹了torcetrapib和statin的治病原理，但是同時(shí)短語(yǔ)in contrast與之前第二段后半段的內(nèi)容呼應(yīng)，暗示了這兩種藥在理論上能相輔相成，是理想的搭配。第一個(gè)選項(xiàng)無(wú)法涵蓋整段意義，故選擇i是錯(cuò)誤的。

　　4. iii 本段分析了可能導(dǎo)致torcetrapibl臨床試驗(yàn)失敗的原因，后半段指出如果以上推測(cè)正確，那么未來(lái)的藥物可借鑒這個(gè)試驗(yàn)，設(shè)法避免torcetrapib的缺陷，研制出有效的藥物。viii選項(xiàng)無(wú)法涵蓋后半段的意思。

　　5. ix 見(jiàn)首句。

　　6. v

　　7. A 見(jiàn)第二段。題目中administer一詞意為用藥，subject一詞為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象之意。

　　8. B 見(jiàn)第四段… to raise levels of HDLs， which ferry cholesterol out of artery- clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body.即HDLs的作用最終是將 choleserol清除出人體：… for removal from the body。

　　9. B 見(jiàn)第四段But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood.

　　10. C 見(jiàn)第二段… plus a cholesterol-lowering statin，即statin是可以降低cholesterol的。

　　11. D 見(jiàn)第六段 So inhibiting CETP， … might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body.

　　12. A 見(jiàn)第三段。

　　13. C 見(jiàn)第四段Statins， in contrast， mainly work by lowering the ’bad’ low-density lipoproteins.

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