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2016年商務(wù)英語bec翻譯試題及參考答案
Ⅰ 詞匯測試題：(2題，每題10分，共20分)
1. 該組有10個(gè)商務(wù)英語英文詞或詞組，下面均有英文詞或詞組來進(jìn)行解釋。請將正確的選項(xiàng)標(biāo)出，要求英英轉(zhuǎn)換意義準(zhǔn)確，符合商務(wù)英語規(guī)范。(10分)
(1) promote
A. to encourage the popularity, sale or development
B. to change or vary C. to act as judge in an argument
D. to speak or write to someone
(2) to address
A. to speak or write to someone, or to direct information at someone.
B. to offer, supply C. to stipulate
D. to come up with ideas
(3) to indemnify
A. to pay for the damage B. to state something officially
C. to suggest an idea D. to use something instead of another
(4) to cancel an order
A. to confirm an order B. to deliver a letter
C. to recommend a candidate D. to make void or of no effect
(5) ceiling
A. upper limit B. cancellation
C. bottom D. the lowest point
(6) tide over
A. to help sb. during a period of difficulty
B. to spend a lot of time doing
C. to tie to sth. D. to try one’s best
(7) carry out
A. to take away B. to perform or complete
C. to give or offer something D. to suggest an idea
(8) to complicate
A. to finish something B. to be dissatisfied with something
C. to make something more difficult to deal with
D. to compare with something
(9) to put on an event
A. to come up with ideas B. to come on for sth.
C. to arrange for sth D. to work on managerial skills
(10) emergency
A. sth. dangerous or serious which happens suddenly
B. stipulation C. sales promotion
D. an act of breaking a law, promise or agreement
2. 該組有10個(gè)商務(wù)英語英文詞或詞組，下面均有漢語詞或詞組來進(jìn)行解釋，請將正確項(xiàng)選出，要求英漢轉(zhuǎn)換意義準(zhǔn)確，符合商務(wù)英語規(guī)范。 (10分)
(1) a line of credit
A. 信用額度 B. 在信用基礎(chǔ)上
C. 信用公司 D. 信用等級
(2) to comply with (regulations)
A. 制定規(guī)則 B. 修改規(guī)則
C. 否定規(guī)則 D. 遵循規(guī)則
(3) premium
A. 最低費(fèi)用 B. 罰單
C. 保險(xiǎn)費(fèi) D. 賠償
(4) to go into liquidation
A.去償付債務(wù) B. 去調(diào)查行情
C. 去企業(yè)評估 D. 去進(jìn)行售后服務(wù)
(5) Preference Stock
A. 優(yōu)惠股 B. 普通股
C. 績優(yōu)股 D. 優(yōu)先股
(6) financial scene
A. 商業(yè)場景 B. 金融場面
C. 金融業(yè) D. 資金融通
(7) unprecedented
A. 前所未有的 B. 不可預(yù)見的
C. 難以想象的 D. 空前絕后的
(8) open-package inspection
A. 裸裝貨 B. 開箱檢驗(yàn)
C. 未包裝前檢驗(yàn) D. 安裝，裝配
(9) underwrite
A 出售 B 策劃
C 認(rèn)購 D 營銷
(10) trustee
A. 受托人 B. 委托人
C. 違約方 D. 認(rèn)購人
II.語境意義，完形填空題 (2題，共30分)
本組考題共有15個(gè)空，每空下有多項(xiàng)意義近似的英語選項(xiàng)，從中擇一準(zhǔn)確選項(xiàng)填入空內(nèi)。
要求：A 詞語的特定環(huán)境所產(chǎn)生的意義。
B 詞語的情態(tài)色彩意義。
C 詞語的語法意義
D 句子與超句群在特定的集約形式中的意義。
E 語篇的主題意義
1.完形填空題(10空，每空1.5分)
Claim Damages
In most cases, bona fide party to an international sales contract will do his best to _ 1__ his duties either as a seller or a buyer, after the conclusion of the contract. However, it is not rare that either party to a contract may fail to perform his duties, or his performance is _ _2___ with the terms provided on the contract. In case one party __3___ the contract, he may cause damage or loss to the other, who is entitled to take __4___ measures according to the contract and the law.
Most international sales contracts contain a claim clause in which the principles, time and applicable law of remedy are provided.
To claim damages is a major remedy for breach of contract.
According to the Convention, the buyer still maintains the right to claim damages even if he has resorted to other remedial measures. But how much should the damages be?
The principles for determining the sum of damages are __5___ in different laws. The Convention provides that damages for breach of contract consist of a sum __6__ to the loss, including loss of profit suffered by the injured party as a consequence of the breach, including loss of profit suffered by the injured party as a consequence of the breach, and the damages may not exceed the loss which the party in breach, and the damages may not exceed the loss which the party in breach foresaw or ought to have foreseen at the time of the conclusion of the contract, in the __7__ of the facts and matters of which he then knew or ought to have known. The basic principle for damages claim is that the damages paid will enable the economic state of the injured party to be recovered to that extent where the contract would have been performed.
In case of non-delivery, the buyer may declare the contract avoided. In a reasonable manner and within a reasonable time, the buyer may claim damages.
Two points are __8__ of special attention: first, according to the Convention and laws of many states, the buyer must take reasonable measures to __9__ further loss. If he does not do so, which causes further losses, he is not __10__ to claim damages for the further loss which could have been prevented; secondly, when the buyer claims damages, he does not have to prove whether the conduct of the seller contains any fault. If he can show evidences that the seller does not perform the obligations under the contract, which cause damages to him, the buyer may exercise the right to claim damages.
1. A. do B. make C. perform D. determine
2. A. inconsistent B. line C. comply D. term
3. A. abides B. breaches C. does D. works
4. A. potential B. useless C. advanced D. remedial
5. A. same B. differ C. varied D. similar
6. A. total B. quota C. equal D. offer
7. A. right B. wake C. light D. dependence
8. A. worthless B. worthy C. spending D. cost
9. A. prevent B. incur C. induce D. attract
10. A. right B. encouraged C. refuse D. entitled
2.語境意義題：
文中有五處缺少內(nèi)容，請從文后的選項(xiàng)中選出合適的選項(xiàng)，填回到原文中相應(yīng)的位置 (5空，每空3分)
Simulations of air, soil and water contamination on computer are increasingly being hailed as cheap and efficient ways of studying the environment. And as recent findings regarding the Chesapeake Bay indicate, computers can demonstrate complex interactions that simply cannot be determined using other methods.
Computer modeling has revealed that approximately 25 percent of the nitrogen in the Chesapeake comes from air pollution wafting in from as far away as western Pennsylvania, Ohio and Kentucky. (1) _______________
To arrive at this conclusion, Robin Dennis of the Environmental Protection Agency and his colleagues digitally recreated the atmosphere above the eastern U.S. and combined this information with another model that examined how water flows into the Chesapeake. In particular, the group simulated how air moves across the country and how nitrogen pollution reacts with other airborne compounds and then drops to the ground directly or in rain.
Conventional wisdom has generally held that nitrogen pollution falls out fairly ~ quickly. Thus, simple models had suggested that air pollution from local sources probably contributed to the bay's condition. (2) ______________
Although water testing helps to monitor the state of the bay, models demonstrate how the pollution gets there. Despite several years of regulations on waterborne pollution, nitrogen levels have not decreased as much as expected. (3) _______________
Much of the Chesapeake modeling was carried out at the EPA' s three-year-old National Environmental Supercomputing Center, which currently provides computer time for about 40 different projects on topics such as urban air pollution or the effects of landfills. Instead of having to sample a huge region to determine where a toxic compound might end up if released by a factory, researchers using computers need only am few samples to establish original conditions. (4) _______________
Such techniques can often save a great deal of money. In the early 1980s, researchers assessing the feasibility of a field experiment to study acid rain in the eastern U.S. -- a project similar in scale to one that might test the findings from the Chesapeake model put the price tag at $ 500 million. In contrast, Dennis estimates that the project to model the air pollution affecting the bay has cost around $ 500 000.
Yet for all their power, models cannot include every aspect of a natural system. (5) _______________ For instance, predictions about global warming have been controversial, because, as critics point out, various models, each with district assumptions, can give vastly different results. Having absolute faith in a simulation of an environmental problem can be tough, even for computer experts. Stephen E. Cabaniss of Kent University emphasize that for now, old-fashioned laboratory experiments as well as actual sampling of water, soil and air are still vital pieces of information needed to validate computer data to or nudge models in the right direction.
A And although experiments also cannot evaluate every detail, models in particular trigger complaints about accuracy.
B If people will not believe a computer model that forecasts a rise in global temperature over the next century, it is unclear whether they will accept a computer's assessment of what is safe to put in drinking water.
C Then, intricate computer programs, which consider details down to the movement of atoms, fill in aspects such as how a compound will degrade in the environment, whether any secondary products will be toxic, how the chemicals might percolate down to the water table or how they might accumulate in wildlife. In some cases, the toxic compound being studied may not have been produced yet.
D. Dennis asserts that although controls on water pollution must not be abandoned, attempts to lower nitrogen levels in the bay may not be fully successful unless air pollution is also reduced.
E But the more extensive model revealed that such pollution presents a much larger problem: 25 percent of nitrogen pollution is still being carried aloft 500 miles from its source.
F Don' t put away those lab coats yet.
G This finding alters the current perception that the bay' s greatest problems stem from more local waterborne pollution, such as sewage and runoff from agriculture.
III.形式主義類題(5句，每句4分，共20分)
該題型旨在考核學(xué)生兩種語言對應(yīng)能力，五個(gè)漢語單句需譯成英語，要求體現(xiàn)原語形式意義。
1. 發(fā)達(dá)成員有責(zé)任幫助發(fā)展中成員盡快走出困境。這樣也有助于發(fā)達(dá)成員實(shí)現(xiàn)持續(xù)發(fā)展。
2. 新的世紀(jì)充滿著機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)，讓我們共同合作，迎接挑戰(zhàn)，使多邊貿(mào)易體制得到鞏固和加強(qiáng)，為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展不斷做出貢獻(xiàn)。
3. 謝謝你方3月10日來函。從信中我們獲悉你方希望得到我方梅林牌罐頭食品的報(bào)盤。
4. 在大多數(shù)情況下，目的一致(盈利)而方式各異的交易的雙方最終都要經(jīng)過談判來做成生意。
5. 我們無意催促你方作出決定，但是由于該商品需求量大，為了你方的利益我們建議你方接受我們的報(bào)盤。
IV. 風(fēng)格意義類試題(共30分)
將下面段落譯成適應(yīng)原文風(fēng)格的漢語表達(dá)，要求不僅譯文忠實(shí)于原文，流暢無誤，而且在篇章詞語風(fēng)格上，能與原文相適應(yīng)。
Under some systems of law, trade terms have, at least traditionally, been used only to determine the division of costs between the parties. However, in present international custom the main purpose of trade terms is to determine at what points the seller could be said to have been delivered to the buyer.
Uncertainty about these obligations could be very harmful for the contracting parties. Lack of precision would almost inevitably lead to disputes, including litigation, and to a considerable increase in "overhead" expenditures in everyday operations.
Moreover, the parties in different countries would be very unwilling to subject themselves to the laws and practices of the other. They would probably feel secure using the laws of their own country but would find it difficult to assess the consequences of rules of interpretations used in a foreign country.
In order to be truly useful, trade terms should have universal application and should make explicit the obligations of both parties. This is the aim of Incoterms.
參考答案
�、�.詞匯測試題(共20%)
1.(1-5)AAADA (6-10)ABCCA
2.(1-5)ADCAD (6-10)CABCA
II.語境意義，完形填空題(共30%)
完形填空題 (15%)
(1-5) CABDC (6-10) CCBAD
語境意義題： (15%)
(1-5) GEDCA
III.形式主義類題(5句，共20%)
1. Developed members have the obligation to help lift developing members out of the current difficulties at an early date, which will in turn facilitate their own sustainable development.
2. The new century is full of opportunities and challenges. Let us work together to meet these challenges, and to consolidate and strengthen the multilateral trading system and to make continued contributions to the stability and development of world economy and trade.
3. Thank you for your letter of March 10, from which we have learned that you hope to receive our offer for “Meilin” Brand canned goods.
4. For the most part, negotiation comes down to the interaction between two sides with a common goal but divergent methods.
5. It is not our intention to rush you into a decision, but as this article is in great demand, we would advise you to avail yourselves of our offer in your own interest.
IV. 風(fēng)格意義類試題(共30%)
在某些法律制度下，貿(mào)易條款只是用來確定如何劃分雙方的費(fèi)用，至少從傳統(tǒng)上來講一直如此。不過，在當(dāng)前的國際慣例中，貿(mào)易條款的主要目的是確定賣方在哪些方面已經(jīng)履行了他的義務(wù)，因而從法律意義上來說，貨物已經(jīng)交付了買方。
這些義務(wù)若不明確，會對契約雙方十分有害。缺乏準(zhǔn)確性就幾乎不可避免地會導(dǎo)致糾紛，包括訴訟，并且會使日常業(yè)務(wù)的“經(jīng)營性”開支大量增加。
此外，處在不同國家的買賣雙方很不愿意受對方國家種種法律和習(xí)慣的制約。他們對使用本國的法律可能會感到放心，然而，他們對外國使用其規(guī)則與解釋得出的后果就難以估計(jì)了。
要想使貿(mào)易條款真正發(fā)揮作用，條款應(yīng)具有普遍的適用性，并應(yīng)使雙方的義務(wù)明確。這就是制定“國際貿(mào)易條款”的目的。
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