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英語(yǔ)閱讀理解技巧與練習(xí)
小編認(rèn)為:在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中,一個(gè)好的閱讀技巧能夠很大程度彌補(bǔ)能力上的不足。因此對(duì)英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧總結(jié)以及磨煉,是提升自己英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧的一個(gè)好辦法。良好的閱讀技巧可以大大的提高做題的效率和準(zhǔn)確性,接下來(lái)就和大家分享一下英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧總結(jié)與實(shí)踐。僅供參考!
英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧總結(jié)與實(shí)踐一:?jiǎn)卧~量的累積
所有的英語(yǔ)考試都離不開(kāi)詞匯量的累積,利用一些實(shí)用的單詞記憶方法,像是詞根記憶法或者字母組合記憶法等提高自己的記憶效率。最好能把單詞的記憶融入到生活中去,可以自己制作一些小卡片隨身帶,只要有空的時(shí)候就可以拿出來(lái)看看,巧妙利用零碎的時(shí)間記憶單詞,同時(shí)也讓單詞記憶不是那么的枯燥。
英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧總結(jié)與實(shí)踐二:記錄筆記
由于考試機(jī)考的性質(zhì)決定了考生沒(méi)有辦法對(duì)文章的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行標(biāo)注,這樣考生對(duì)文章的把握能力就沒(méi)有那么強(qiáng)。因此考生要學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)文章的內(nèi)容和信息點(diǎn)進(jìn)行記錄,加強(qiáng)自己對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)以及主旨大意的理解。在做閱讀筆記時(shí),要注意記錄的結(jié)構(gòu)一定要清晰,能夠便于自己在回看的時(shí)候能清楚明白文章的主題以及重要的信息點(diǎn)。
英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧總結(jié)與實(shí)踐三:猜測(cè)
其實(shí)學(xué)會(huì)猜也是一個(gè)比較實(shí)用的英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧,特別是在英語(yǔ)閱讀考試中,文章中的詞匯量比較大,不免有些單詞考生會(huì)不知道其含義,但是不能因?yàn)橐粋(gè)單詞的不認(rèn)識(shí)而影響到整個(gè)閱讀理解的答題。考生可以集合上下文的含義來(lái)推測(cè)出不認(rèn)識(shí)單詞的意思。其實(shí)在出題之初就考慮到有些單詞是考生不必掌握的,為了不影響考生整個(gè)閱讀的節(jié)奏,在文章中會(huì)給出這些單詞的相關(guān)解釋,只要考生們仔細(xì)閱讀,把握住這些語(yǔ)句,有些問(wèn)題就迎刃而解。
英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧總結(jié)與實(shí)踐四:排除法
排除法也是在英語(yǔ)閱讀考試中一個(gè)很實(shí)用的技巧。排除法使用的基本要求是考生們了解雅思閱讀理解的選項(xiàng)設(shè)置。由于題目中錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)多為細(xì)節(jié)信息,排除法也是屢試不爽。而且在選項(xiàng)中重點(diǎn)考查考生同義替換的能力,很容易就能排除錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)。
英語(yǔ)閱讀范例解析引路例一:
One day, a doctor was looking over the eyesight of the young men who were ready to join the army. By Jeff’s turn the doctor pointed to the eye chart(圖表)on the wall and said, “Please read the top line, young man.”
“The top line of what?”
“The top line of the chart.”
“What chart?”
“The one on the wall.”
“Where’s the wall?” Jeff asked. At last the doctor thought the young man’s eyesight was too poor. He couldn’t join the army.
That evening the same young man was at the cinema when another man came and sat next to him. When the film was over and the lights went on, the young man found that it was the doctor who sat next to him. At once he said to the doctor, “Excuse me, madam, but does this bus go to the Museum Street?”
Judge the following sentences true (T) or false (F).
1. The young man hoped to be a soldier.
2. At first the doctor believed what the young man had said.
3. The young man’s eyesight was really weak.
答案
1—3 FTF
解析
本題屬于閱讀理解正誤判斷題。從文章的選材來(lái)看,是一篇故事性的短文。內(nèi)容大意是描寫一個(gè)叫Jeff的年青人,他不想去服兵役,在體檢時(shí)假裝自己的視力不好而去欺騙醫(yī)生。醫(yī)生相信了他,因此他不能去參軍。而晚上在電影院時(shí),Jeff碰巧又遇到了醫(yī)生。Jeff非常聰明,又用一句謊言而蒙混過(guò)關(guān)。此閱讀材料共設(shè)三道小題:
第一小題題干的意思是說(shuō)這個(gè)年青人想當(dāng)兵。文章中沒(méi)有一句話直接告訴考生這句話的答案是不對(duì)的,但從整個(gè)短文的意思來(lái)看,他是不喜歡參軍的,否則他也不能假裝視力不好。這道題屬于推理判斷題。
第二道小題,題干的意思是說(shuō)醫(yī)生開(kāi)始的時(shí)候相信了年青人的話。這道題屬于語(yǔ)義理解性題目,在短文中第六段中“At last the doctor thought the young man’s eyesight was too poor.”這句話中可以看出答案是正確的。
第三道小題意思是說(shuō)這個(gè)年青人的視力真的不好。這道題的設(shè)題上屬于邏輯推理性題目,因?yàn)閺奈恼碌淖詈笠欢慰芍,他視力如果不好,就不可能去看電影,也不可能認(rèn)出醫(yī)生來(lái)。本道題是閱讀理解中的第一篇,故事情節(jié)幽默,句子簡(jiǎn)單易懂。難度不大,旨在緩和考生面對(duì)中考時(shí)的緊張情緒。考生在答題中先讀懂短文,理解短文的大意和脈絡(luò),然后依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容對(duì)試題后給出的句子進(jìn)行是非判斷。同進(jìn),對(duì)每一道題進(jìn)行判斷時(shí),應(yīng)從文章的具體段落和句子中找到判斷的依據(jù),不能憑印象想當(dāng)然。對(duì)有些似是而非的句子,一定要認(rèn)真識(shí)別,只有完全符合文章意思的方可判定為正確。
英語(yǔ)閱讀范例解析引路例二:
People all over the world eat rice. Millions of people in Asia, Africa, and South America live on it. Some people eat almost nothing but rice. Rice is a kind of grass. There are more than 7,000 kinds of rice. Most kinds are water plants. Farmers grow rice in many countries, even in the south of the United States and in eastern Australia.
China is the world’s largest rice-growing country. In 2003, China grew 166 million tons of rice. But it is not easy to feed the world’s largest population. In the 1960s, thousands of Chinese died because they didn’t have enough food to eat. In the 1970s, Yuan Longping, a Chinese scientist, grew a kind of rice called hybrid(雜交) rice. It makes 20% more rice than any other kind. Hybrid rice is a stronger plant, unlike ordinary rice. It can grow in lots of water or in not much water. It doesn’t easily get diseases or worms.
Today, half of China’s rice plants are Yuan’s special hybrid rice. China uses Yuan’s hybrid rice to grow much more rice than before. Yuan is known as the Father of Hybrid Rice. He won the World Food Prize for his work to help feed so many people.
Choose the best choice from ABC or D according to the passage above.
1. Rice is grown ______ in the world.
A. in lots of countries B. for humans and animals
C. only on wet land D. by Chinese farmers
2. China _____ in the world.
A. offers the best rice to people B. harvests the most rice
C. has the largest farmland D. is short of rice
3. Yuan Longping’s hybrid rice ______.
A. gets sick more often B. is ordinary rice
C. can grow without water D. can make more rice than the others
4. The Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is famous for ______.
A. the Father of Rice B. his rice to feed all Chinese
C. his hybrid rice D. growing different kinds of rice
答案
1—4 ABDC
解析
本題屬于閱讀理解選擇題,是中考閱讀理解最常見(jiàn)的題型。本文是一篇科普性的文章,通過(guò)介紹我國(guó)科學(xué)家袁隆平及他所培育的雜交水稻,以及他在自己平凡的工作崗位上為國(guó)家做出的杰出貢獻(xiàn),向?qū)W生滲透熱愛(ài)科學(xué)的理念,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生腳踏實(shí)地,認(rèn)真做事、做學(xué)問(wèn)的求實(shí)精神。
第一道小題的設(shè)題屬于語(yǔ)義理解性題目,在世界的什么地方可以種植水稻,從文章中的第一段中“Farmers grow rice in many countries”,只有答案A中用的“lots of”這個(gè)詞,many與lots of是同義詞,因此從這句話可以選出答案A是正確的。
第二道小題也屬于語(yǔ)義理解性題目,從第二段的第一句話“China is the world’s largest rice-growing country.”可以推斷出答案B是正確的。
第三道小題屬于直接理解性題目,從第二段中的“It makes 20% more rice than any other kind.”可以選出答案D是正確的。
第四道小題屬于歸納概括性題目,需認(rèn)真閱讀全文,仔細(xì)推敲每個(gè)答案:答案A具有片面性,文章中說(shuō)他是the Father of Hybrid Rice而不是the Father of Rice;答案B 的題干是his rice to feed all Chinese,而在文章中說(shuō)half of China’s rice plants are Yuan’s special hybrid rice,此答案明顯是不正確的;答案C是正確的;答案D的題干是growing different kinds of rice,而從文章中可以得知Yuan Longping只是種植雜交水稻。答題時(shí)考生要在正確理解短文內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,認(rèn)真看清短文后的題目?jī)?nèi)容和要求,然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,運(yùn)用分析、排除等方法選擇正確答案。對(duì)短文中沒(méi)有直接說(shuō)明又無(wú)法從短文所提供的材料上明確做出判斷的,就要在理解字面意思的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行深入分析、推理,或聯(lián)想短文材料以外的常識(shí)加以考慮,從而推斷出正確答案。
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