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3月28日職稱英語衛(wèi)生A考試真題

時間:2024-12-05 10:59:31 夏仙 試題 我要投稿
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3月28日職稱英語(衛(wèi)生A)考試真題(精選6套)

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3月28日職稱英語(衛(wèi)生A)考試真題(精選6套)

  3月28日職稱英語衛(wèi)生A考試真題 1

  Social anxiety disorder prevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social and romantic lives, a new survey finds.

  The disorder leaves many isolated, ashamed and often misdiagnosed. Thirty-six percent of those with social anxiety disorder have symptoms for 10 years or more before seeking help, the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports.

  “Social anxiety disorder is when somebody has an intense, persistent and irrational fear of social or performance situations,” Jerilyn Ross, the association’s president and CEO, said during a teleconference Wednesday.

  “The condition causes people to avoid common, everyday situations and even other people for fear of being judged or criticized or humiliated or embarrassing themselves,” Ross said.

  Social anxiety disorder can interfere with daily routines and job performance, Ross noted. “It also makes it very difficult for people to develop friends and romantic partnerships,” she said.

  People with this disorder recognize their fear is excessive and irrational, Ross noted. “But they feel powerless to do anything about it,” she said.

  Social anxiety disorder can start in the early teens, Dr. Mark H. Pollack, director of the Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders and a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said during the teleconference.

  “This is a disorder that starts affecting people early on1,” Pollack said. “The typical age of onset is early adolescence, age 12 or 13, and many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to2 earlier childhood.”

  The disorder also has physical symptoms, including heart palpitations, feelings that their throat will close up3, sweating, blushing, faintness, trembling and stammering, Ross said.

  Among people with the disorder, 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In addition, 69 percent said they didn’t want people to think they were crazy, and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition, Ross said.

  Among people with the disorder, 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In addition, 69 percent said they didn’t want people to think they were crazy, and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition, Ross said.

  However, when the condition is diagnosed and treated, many reported improvement in their lives. In fact,59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship. In addition, 39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help, Ross noted.

  3月28日職稱英語衛(wèi)生A考試真題 2

  Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more likely to go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

  The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyzed the results of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.

  The study shows a clear link between good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for logical thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that plays a role in the results for the IQ test, and not strength. “Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung capacity and that your brain gets plenty of oxygen,” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. “This may be one of the reasons why we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular strength. We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”

  By analyzing data for twins, the researchers have been able to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a higher IQ.

  “We have also shown that those youngsters who improve their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,” says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. “This being the case, physical education is a subject that has an important place in schools, and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”

  The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests during national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in life. Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education, and many secured more qualified jobs.

  3月28日職稱英語衛(wèi)生A考試真題 3

  Australian doctors declared Monday that a cocktail of simple antihypertensive drugs can lower the risk of patients suffering a repeat stroke by more than a third. This is the result of their research. The research, presented at a medical conference in Italy over the weekend, has been valued highly as a major breakthrough in stroke prevention.

  Strokes kill 5 million people a year, and more than 15 million suffer non-fatal strokes that often leave them with useless limbs, slurred speech and other serious disabilities. One in five stroke survivors goes on to have a second, often fatal, stroke within five years of the first.

  An international six-year study of 6,100 patients directed from Sydney University found that by taking two blood pressure-lowering drugs, the risk of secondary strokes can be reduced by up to 40 per cent. Even taking one of the commonly available drugs can cut the risk by a third, the study said. The drugs are the diuretic indapamide and the ACE inhibitor1 perindopril, better known by its brand name Coversyl. The combination was effective even in patients who did not have high blood pressure, the researchers said. They even found that the risk of another stroke could be cut by three quarters among the one-in-ten patients who had suffered a cerebral hemorrhage, the worst type of stroke, where there is direct bleeding into the brain.

  Stephen McMahon, who presented the research at the Milan congress of the European Society of Hypertension, said about 50 million people were alive who had suffered at least one stroke. “If most of those patients were able to get access to2 this treatment, it would result in3 maybe the avoidance of half a million strokes a year,” the professor told Australia’s ABC Radio.

  McMahon said doctors had long known that lowering the blood pressure of those with hypertension could help prevent strokes.“What we have shown for the first time is that it does not really matter what your blood pressure is4;if you have had a stroke, then lowering blood pressure will produce large benefits, to begin with5—even for people whose blood pressure is average or below average,” he said.

  McMahon said the Milan gathering had heralded the research as a “major breakthrough in the care of patients with strokes — perhaps the biggest step forward that we have made in the last couple of decades”.

  3月28日職稱英語衛(wèi)生A考試真題 4

  Fall down as you come onstage. That’s an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic,2 Mr. Feltsman said, “ All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?”

  Today, music schools are addressing the problem of anxiety in classes that deal with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, blank mind.3

  Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging advice, from basics like learning pieces inside out,4 to mental discipline, such as visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Don’t deny that you’re jittery,they urge; some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience.

  Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the moments before performance, “Take two deep abdominal breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,’’ she says. “And not one of these ‘please don’t kill me’ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the audience, people you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them.” She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as a judge.

  Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often at the root of stage fright,says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve.

  When Lynn Harrell was 20,he became the principal cellist of the Cleverland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There were times when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where I thought,‘ If I have to go through this to play music, I think I’m going to look for another job.”5 Recovery, he said, involved developing humility-recognizing that whatever his talent, he was fallible,and that an imperfect concert was not a disaster.

  It is not only young artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz’s nerves were famous. The great tenor Franco Corelli is another example. “They had to push him on stage,” Soprano Renata Scotto recalled.

  Actually,success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career, when you’re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don’t have any expectations,” Soprano June Anderson said. “There’s less to lose. Later on, when you’re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to lose.”

  Anderson added,“I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung my last note.”

  3月28日職稱英語衛(wèi)生A考試真題 5

  1.The UnitedStates has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty thatpromises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout theworld. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the FrameworkConvention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations. (46)_____

  2.The FCTC wasdeveloped by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the WorldHealth Assembly,including the United States, last year.(47)_____

  3.For instance,cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on atleast 30% of the front and back of every pack. (48)_____It also requires banson tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like theUnited States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.

  4.(49)_____ TheWorld Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 millionpeople worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440,000 people die eachyear from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the USare caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.

  5.The treaty mustbe ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. (50)_____

  A. Tobacco stocksalso perked up as investors discounted fears of litigation(訴訟) from the US.

  B. So far, 109countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.

  C. The impact ofthe treaty could be huge.

  D. Countries thatratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.

  E. The treatycalls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, andmore promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.

  F. The Senate muststill approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.

  46——50:FDECB

  3月28日職稱英語衛(wèi)生A考試真題 6

  1、 It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.

  A.making

  B.taking

  C.discussing

  D.expecting

  2、回答題。

  Stanford University

  1. Stanford University, famous as one of northern Californias several institutions of higher learning, is sometimes called "the Harvard of the West." The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco, a city thirty-two miles to the north, gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan ( 世界性的 ) flavor.

  2. The students are enrolled mainly from the western United States. But most of the fifty states send students to Stanford, and many foreign students study here, as well. And standards for admission remain high Young men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes.

  3. Not only because of the high caliber ( 素質(zhì) ) of its students but also because of the desirable location and climate, Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the worlds most respected scholars. The university staff has included many Nobel prize winners such as Dr. Felix Bloch, Dr. Robert Hofstadter, and Dr. William Shockley in physics; Dr. Author Kornberg and Dr. Joshua Lederberg in medicine; and Dr. Paul J. Flory and Dr. Linus Panling in chemistry. The Russian novelist Aleksandr Solzhenistsyn has been in residence. Stanfords undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate .schools of business, law, and medicine are especially well-regarded.

  4. What is student life like on "The Farm" ? Culturally, the campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communities. Plays, concerts, and operas are performed in the universitys several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where graduations are also held. Several film series are presented during the school year. Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus. In the evenings, many students gather to socialize in the Student Unions coffee house ; here the beverages ( 飲料) and the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavor. For the sports-minded, the Stanford campus offers highly developed athletic facilities. Team spots, swimming, and track and field activity are all very much part of the Stanford picture. So are bicycling and jogging.

  5. In addition to financial support from alumni ( 校友 ) , Stanford receives grants from the government and from private philanthropic ( 慈善的 ) foundations. In recent years, government grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psychology, education, and atomic energy. At present Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program, financed in part by Stanford Foundations 25 million grant. Recently added to the campus are a new physics building, new school of business, new graduate school of law, new student union, and undergraduate library.

  Paragraph 2__________

  A.Colorful Life on Campus

  B.Intelligent Student Body

  C.School Administration

  D.Distinguished Faculty

  E.Substantial Financial Support

  F.The Harvard of the West

  3、 He must not allow this unusual barrier to stop him from fighting against the enemy.

  A.interior

  B.obstacle

  C.interruption

  D.interference

  4、回答題。

  The Importance of Good Writing

  Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. 46 Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purpose --school work, matters of business, or purely social communication. 47 There are still some remote places in the world where you might find someone to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. There are a few mangers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from. 48 We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put to the mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figure must be enormous. 49 We want to arouse and hold the interest of readers. We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not thrown into some "letters-to-be-read" file or into a wastepaper basket. 50

  A. But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.

  B. However, the managers may sometimes cause the writers a lot of trouble.

  C. Any good writers, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown ( 成熟的 ) .

  D. What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes, that his writing will be read.

  E. This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing.

  F. You may be sure that the greater the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding.

  請回答(46)__________

  5、回答題。

  How to Do Well in Exams

  Do not underestimate ( 低估 ) the power of revision in the days and hours before an examination. The closer you are to the exam, the more chance you have of storing and retaining crucial information. But do not overdo it. 46 An effective daily routine can help you through an exam period, so in the days leading up to your first exam, get into the habit of being up and ready to work by game. It can be a shock to the system after months of working to your own timetable to be mentally alert at that time if you have not prepared for it.

  On the day of the exam, have a good breakfast, pack two of everything you need ( pens, pencils, erasers, etc. ) , then make your way to the examination hall in good time. 47

  Once in your seat, simply pause for a few seconds and collect your thoughts. Close your eyes and take in a few slow, deep breaths to help you relax. When you turn over the test paper, spend a short period reading through all the instructions and questions, paying particular attention to key verbs such as "discuss" ,

  "compare" and "evaluate" 48 It is always wise to allow 10 minutes at the end of the exam to give yourself time to go back over your answers. Once you have selected the questions you wish to tackle, begin by attempting the one you think is your strongest. It will give you more confidence when you see a well-answered question down on paper. Also remember to write clearly, and do not be afraid to express the unexpected : after all, examiners call get very bored marking stereotypical ( 千篇一律的. ) answers.

  49 If you do need something else to focus on to help you collect your thoughts, choose a fixture ( 固定設(shè)施 ) in the room, such as the ceiling--or anything else that will not allow you to be distracted.

  Finally, once you have finished, never hang around outside afterwards to attend the discussion by other students.50

  A. Do not arrive too early, though, as other peoples anxiety can be contagious (傳染性的) , and you may suffer from undue panic.

  B. Try not to be tempted to look at those around you, or at the clock.

  C. When you get home, read the examination paper through and look up all the words you didnt understand.

  D. Sleep, exercise and relaxation are all just as important.

  E. Map out a quick plan of points you wish to make and how much time you should spend on each question.

  F. Go and have a well-earned rest-then prepare for your next exam.

  請回答(46)題__________

  6、 Hardly a week goes by without some advance in technology that would have seemed incredible 50 years ago.

  A.hard to invent

  B.hard to understand

  C.hard to imagine

  D.hard to believe

  7、 It is not clear whether the increase in reports is stemmed from greater human activity or is simply the result of more surveys.

  A.flows

  B.comes

  C.derives

  D.originates

  8、回答題。

  Aromatherapy( 芳香療法 )

  1. Aromatherapy is a form of alternative medicine which is based on the use of very concentrated "essential" oils from the flowers, leaves, bark, branches or roots of plants which are considered to have healing properties. In aromatherapy these powerful oils are mixed with other oils, such as almond( 杏仁 )oil, or they are diluted( 稀釋 )with water. These solutions(溶液劑 )can be rubbed on the skin, sprayed in the air, or applies as a compress( 敷藥).

  2. Many people have aromatherapy massages( 按摩 ), and depending on the treatment a person is having the aroma therapist will massage the oil into the hands or shoulders. The massage is smooth and flowing, as it is designed to create a sense of relaxation and calm. The sessions are tailored to the individuals health and mood at the time, so every session is unique.

  3. Practitioners of aromatherapy believe that the aroma of the "essential" oils directly stimulates the brain or that the oils are absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream where they can affect the whole body and promote healing. Other clams in support of aromatherapy are that it aids digestion improves the functioning of respiratory system, reduces muscular aches and pains, and promotes muscle relaxation and tone. It has also been argued that aromatherapy can improve circulation, lower blood pressure, and help combat insomnia( 失眠 ) and other stress-related disorders such as tension headaches, anxiety, and mild depression.

  4. However, while aromatherapy may have real effects that promote a sense of well-being, some traditional medicine practitioners remain doubtful about its powers. While research has confirmed that aromatherapy does have some positive short-term effects on most people, it also suggests that aromatherapy is not an actual science or medicine that should be used to treat illness. Furthermore, not all aromatherapy is considered beneficial to health. There are precautions which should be taken before having aromatherapy because some oils can have negative effects on people with certain medical conditions. The study of aromatherapy is relatively new and unexplored. More research needs to be conducted to make scientific conclusions about its use and effects.

  Paragraph 1__________

  A.Current research into aromatherapy

  B.Aromatherapy and conventional medicine

  C.Different views about aromatherapy

  D.Introduction to aromatherapy

  E.Doubts about the benefits aromatherapy

  F.Personalized aromatherapy massage

  9、回答題。

  "Feed Me Better"

  When British TV chef Jamie Oliver launched his "Feed Me Better" campaign in 2004 in schools in the Greenwich area of London with the aim of improving the diet of British schoolchildren, some people were skeptical about the impact it would have. Olivers highly-publicized television campaign to improve school lunches led to dramatic changes in the meals offered to pupils in the Greenwich schools. In order to achieve his aim Oliver needed to show schools how to swap(交換 )cheap processed meals, which were high in saturated fat( 飽和脂肪 ),salt, and sugar, for healthier options.

  Now, research at the institute for Social and Economic Research(ISER)has shown that Olivers experiment did not only help pupils eat more healthily, it also resulted in them performing better at school in English and Science and in helping schools reduce their rates of absenteeism( 缺勤 ). The ISER study, carried out by Michele Belont and Jonathan James, showed "substantial" positive effects, with the performance of 11-year-old pupils eating Olivers meals improving by up to 8% in Science and by as much a 6% in English. In addition, the number of children having authorized absences for sickness since 2004 showed a 14% decrease.

  The ISER study analyzed the academic test results of more than 13,000 children in Greenwich between 2002 and 2007 to evaluate the impact of Olivers healthier meals on school performance. Pupils who sat exams in 2006-2007 had been on the new diet for at least 12 months, and the researchers found that the number of pupils reaching higher levels of achievement had clearly risen. The study also compared the results of the school in Greenwich with those of pupils of the same age in seven other London areas who did not eat the meals created by Oliver. The researchers were surprised by the speed of improvements in the Greenwich pupils.They could find no other explanation for the results except for the healthier and more nutritious meals created by Oliver.

  Commenting on ISERs findings, Oliver said he felt the research proved that he was right in his decision to remove fatty processed food and replace it with nutrient-rich( 營養(yǎng)的 ) foods such as coconut( 椰子) ,fish, and broccoli( 花椰菜 ). He commented that "we could see that it made them calmer and therefore able to learn" .

  The "Feed Me Better" campaign targeted a healthier diet at school children.

  A.Right

  B.Wrong

  C.Not mentioned

  10、 They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.

  A.prove

  B.discover

  C.consider

  D.imagine

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