2017職稱英語《理工A》專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題及答案

　　補(bǔ)全短文題

　　篇一：

　　Read with Greater Speed

　　Do you have difficulty reading in class? If so, a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brain.

　　At least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read, even when the students are good at other subjects.__________ (46) Researchers from Yale University, US, studied a group of children from New York and Connecticut State. As part of the study, 37 struggling readers received special tutoring.

　　Every day, instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes (音素) . __________ (47)

　　By the end of the school year, these children could read faster than before. They also made fewer mistakes, and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year.

　　As part of their study, the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the students' brains.__________(48) This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read, This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written words quickly. In lower level readers, this structure remains inactive.

　　A year later, the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gone through the special tutoring, and they continued to do well in reading tests. __________ (49) However, some researchers still doubt the study.__________ (50)

　　A. Many adults are interested in matching sounds with letters.

　　B. The students also practiced reading aloud and spelling.

　　C. The biggest challenge for many of these kids, scientists say, is matching sounds with letters.

　　D. Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didn't show the same progress.

　　E. The pictures showed all increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side.

　　F. They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient.

　　參考答案

　　46.C。文章的題目是：用較快的速度閱讀。第二段的第一個(gè)句子說的是：在美國(guó)五個(gè)小學(xué)生中至少有一個(gè)在學(xué)習(xí)閱讀方面有困難，雖然這些學(xué)生其他科目都不錯(cuò)。這是一個(gè)總的說明，接著的句子應(yīng)該具體說明。C就是進(jìn)一步的說明：科學(xué)家說，這些孩子中的許多人的最大困難是如何使得讀音和字母對(duì)應(yīng)起來。

　　47.B。第四段的第一句話說的是：每天老師幫助他們弄懂字母是如何表達(dá)被稱作音素的語音單位的。但光弄懂是不夠的，還需要實(shí)踐。所以選B：學(xué)生還練習(xí)朗讀和拼寫。

　　48.E。第六段說的是：作為研究的一部分，研究人員用一個(gè)特殊的機(jī)器拍攝學(xué)生大腦運(yùn)動(dòng)的照片。B說的是：照片顯示左大腦后部的活動(dòng)增加了。

　　49.D。倒數(shù)第二段的第一句講的是試驗(yàn)組的情況。D講的是用傳統(tǒng)方法的情況，放在一起可以構(gòu)成對(duì)比，很連貫。

　　50.F。最后一段的第一句說的是：然而，有些研究人員仍然不太相信這一研究。從提供的選項(xiàng)中的第一個(gè)詞組可以看出，只有F是合適的，因?yàn)樗�的起始詞是They，指some researchers。

　　篇二：

　　Einstein Named "Person of the Century"

　　Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel (解決) the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as "Person of the Century" by Time magazine on Sunday.

　　A man whose very name is synonymous (同義的) with scientific genius, Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of 20th century scientific though that set the stage for the age of technology. "The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological—technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science," wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einstein's significance.__________ (46)

　　Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon (象征) for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics.

　　"What we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedom's fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying (象征，體現(xiàn)) the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom,"said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.

　　Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879.__________(47) He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in eleme.ntary school. He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams. In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history.__________ (48) Everything else- mass,weight, space, even time itself--is a variable (變量) . And he offered the world his now-famous equation (方程式) : energy equals mass times the speed of light squared-E=mc2.

　　__________ (49) "There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality." Einstein's famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist, signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did.__________(50) Einstein did not work on the project. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955.

　　A. "Indirectly, relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics,"Isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Time's choices.

　　B. How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the general public's view about Albert Einstein.

　　C. "Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein."

　　D. Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the "Manhattan Project" that secretly developed the first atomic weapon.

　　E. In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become.

　　F. In his "Special Theory of Relativity," Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light.

　　參考答案

　　46.C。本文主要講愛因斯坦為20世紀(jì)人類科學(xué)做出的重大貢獻(xiàn)。本段是理論物理學(xué)家史蒂芬•霍金在《時(shí)代》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇評(píng)價(jià)愛因斯坦所做貢獻(xiàn)的文章中的幾句話。他說世界在過去的100年發(fā)生的變化比以往任何一個(gè)世紀(jì)都大得多，其原因不在于政治或經(jīng)濟(jì)，而在于技術(shù)——由于基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)的進(jìn)步而直接造就的新技術(shù)。兩句話并未提及愛因斯坦，因此此處選C最合適：“顯然，沒有一位科學(xué)家能比愛因斯坦更好地代表這些科學(xué)進(jìn)步。”those在此發(fā)揮了銜接作用。

　　47.E。本段簡(jiǎn)要介紹了愛因斯坦的早年生平。E說：“愛因斯坦在小時(shí)候并未顯示出日后會(huì)成為大科學(xué)家的任何天賦。”后一句話實(shí)際上是對(duì)E的詳細(xì)解釋。

　　48.F。本段主要介紹愛因斯坦提出的相對(duì)論。第一句話告訴我們l905年的時(shí)候愛因斯坦發(fā)表了人類歷史上最具奇巧想象力的理論。第三、四句話是具體解釋相對(duì)論，F(xiàn)說：“在‘特殊相對(duì)論’中，愛因斯坦描述了宇宙中為什么唯一恒定的是光速。”由此看來F放在此處最合適，其中constant和variable意思相反，構(gòu)成詞匯銜接。

　　49.A。本段是伊薩克森在《時(shí)代》雜志上的一篇文章中對(duì)相對(duì)論的深遠(yuǎn)意義所作的評(píng)述。他說：“相對(duì)論間接地為道德、藝術(shù)和政治領(lǐng)域中新相對(duì)主義的出現(xiàn)鋪平了道路。”后一句是對(duì)此的進(jìn)一步解釋。

　　50.D。本段主要講愛因斯坦與原子能和原子武器發(fā)展的關(guān)系。前一句告訴我們愛因斯坦于1939年在給羅斯�？偨y(tǒng)的一封信中敦促美國(guó)搶在納粹德國(guó)之前研制原子彈，并簽了名。D說：“羅斯福對(duì)這項(xiàng)建議十分關(guān)注，遂制定了秘密制造第一顆原子彈的‘曼哈頓計(jì)劃’。”后一句說愛因斯坦未參與這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，其中the project指的就是the Manhattan Project。

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