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職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生B》完型填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題（精選3套）
在學(xué)習(xí)和工作的日常里，我們或多或少都會(huì)接觸到練習(xí)題，多做練習(xí)方可真正記牢知識(shí)點(diǎn)，明確知識(shí)點(diǎn)則做練習(xí)效果事半功倍，必須雙管齊下。相信很多朋友都需要一份能切實(shí)有效地幫助到自己的習(xí)題吧？下面是小編幫大家整理的職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生B》完型填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生B》完型填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題 1
part A
What Should I Say to the Person Who Has Cancer?
It is normal to feel that you dont know what to say to someone who has cancer. You mightonly know the person casually, or you may have worked 1 or lived near each other for manyyears and have a closer relationship The most important2you can do is to acknowledge thesituation in some way-whatever is most comfortable for you. You can show interest and concern,you can express encouragement, or you3 offer support. Sometimes the simplest expressionsof concern are the4meaningful.
While it is good to be encouraging, it is also important5to show false optimism or to tellthe person with cancer to always have a positive attitude. Doing6things may discount theirfears, concerns, or sad feelings. It is also tempting to say that you know7the person feels. Whileyou may know this is a difficult time, no one can know exactly how the person with 8feels.
Humor can be an important way9coping. It is also another source of support andencouragement. Let the person with cancer 10the lead; it is healthy if they find somethingfunny about a side effect, like hair loss or increased appetite, and you can certainly join 11 ina good laugh. This can be a great way to relieve stress and to take a break from the 12 seriousnature of the situation.
When the person with cancer looks good, let them know! Refrain (忍住) 13comments when their appearance isnt as good. such as "Youre looking pale" or "Youve lost weight". Cancerand its treatment can be very unpredictable. Be prepared for good days and bad14Refrain from telling the person with cancer stories about family members or friends whohave had cancer. Everyone is different, and these stories may not be helpful. Instead, it is bettersimply to tell them you know 15 about cancer because youve been through it withsomeone else.
1. A. hard
B. together
C. often
D. once
2. A. word
B. thing
C. decision
D. event
3. A. should
B. need
C. carl
D. must
4. A. more
B. least
C. less
D. most
5. A. not
B. just
C. how
D. still
6. A. other
B. whatever
C. these
D. useful
7. A. how
B. when
C. why
D. whether
8. A. disease
B. feelings
C. concerns
D. cancer
9. A. into
B. to
C. Of
D. on
10. A. tum
B. take
C. call
D. move
11. A. him
B. her
C. them
D. theirs
12. A. more
B. less
C. some
D. any
13. A. upon
B. out
C. towards
D. from
14. A. months
B. days
C. times
D. periods
15. A. nothing
B. anything
C. something
D. at
part B
Middle Age: a Low Point for Most
People around the globe hit the height of their misery and depression in middle 1 , a newntemational study suggests. The finding by British and American researchers was based on ananalysis of well-being among approximately 2 million people in 80 nations. With few exceptions,the observation appears to apply across the board, regardless 2 gender (性別), culture, geography, wealth, job history, education, and marriage or parental status.
"The scientific fact seems to be that happiness and positive mental health follow a giant U3through life," said study author Andrew J. Oswald, a professor of economics at WarwickUniversity in Warwickshire, England. "For the average person, its high when youre 20, and then itslowly4and bottoms out in your 40s. But the good news is that your5health picks upagain, and eventually gets back to the high levels of your youth."
The finding was 6 on the pooling of several different sources of happiness data,including: two multi-decade happiness/satisfaction surveys (first launched in the 1970s), involvingabout 500,000 American and Western European men and women; four rounds of the 80-nation"World Values Survey" 7 between 1981 and 2004 in North America, Eastern and WesternEurope, Asia, Africa, Australia, and Central and South America; and a 2004-2007 survey 8nearly 1 million Britons.
The bottom-line: For most people throughout the world, the highest probability for9strikingis around 44 years of age.
In the United States, however, some as-yet unexplained 10differences were observed,
with happiness among men dipping the most in their early 50s, whereas women hit their nadir (最低點(diǎn) ) around the age of 40.
The researchers cautioned that cheerful people tend to live longer than unhappy 11 – a fact that might have skewed (使偏斜) the overall finding. But they also suggested that evidence of a happiness 12might simply reflect a midlife choice to give up long-held but no longer tenable (守得住的) aspiration (志向 ) , followed by a seniors sense of gratitude for having successfully endured 13 others did not.
"That said, some might fred it helpful simply to understand the general14of mental healthas they go through their own life," said Oswald. "It might be useful for people to realize that if theyare15in their 40s this is normal. It is not exceptional. And just knowing this might help."
1. A. age
B. place
C. height
D. degree
2. A. of
B. for
C. to
D. by
3. A. color
B. size
C. shape
D. letter
4. A. improves
B. moves
C. rises
D. falls
5. A. mental
B. personal
C. general
D. physical
6. A. focused
B. concluded
C. decided
D. based
7. A. measured
B. conducted
C. checked
D. inspected
8. A. calling
B. counting
C. involving
D. passing
9. A. cancer
B.depression
C. accident
D. injury
10. A. race
B.gender
C. education
D. income
11. A. men
B.people
C. women
D. couples
12. A. curve
B.line
C. axis
D. table
13. A. unless
B.because
C. while
D. if
14. A. moods
B.figures
C. views
D. trends
15. A. weird
B. low
C. old
D. weak
答案與解析
part A
1.B�？疾楦痹~。題干：你可能碰巧認(rèn)識(shí)他，或者你們可能__________工作或者彼此住得很近，關(guān)系很近。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入，together比較合適，表示“一起”，故答案為B。
2.B�？疾椴欢ù~。題干：你能做的最重要的事就是……。從空格后面的you can do可以判斷，空格處應(yīng)選thing一詞，因?yàn)橹挥衪hing能和do搭配。故答案為B。
3.C�？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。題干：你可以表示關(guān)心，你可以表示鼓勵(lì)，或者你__________提供支持。在這個(gè)句子里，前面已兩次出現(xiàn)you can…，因此空格處應(yīng)選can一詞。故答案為C。
4.D�？疾楦痹~。題干：有時(shí)，關(guān)心的最簡(jiǎn)單的表達(dá)是__________有意義的。在這個(gè)句子里，前面有一個(gè)最高級(jí)形式的形容詞simplest，因此空格處也應(yīng)選一個(gè)最高級(jí)形式的形容詞，該詞的詞義還應(yīng)是正面的。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，most最合適，故答案為D。
5.A。考查句意。題干：鼓勵(lì)是很好的，__________表現(xiàn)出過(guò)度樂(lè)觀或者讓癌癥患者態(tài)度積極的態(tài)度，這也很重要。空格處后面所寫(xiě)的事情是不應(yīng)該做的事情，因此應(yīng)選not一詞。故答案為A。
6.C�？疾橹甘敬~。題干：做這些事情可能會(huì)打消他們的恐懼、關(guān)注和悲傷的感覺(jué)。在這個(gè)句子里，things指的是前一句中剛剛提到的事情，因此應(yīng)選these。故答案為C。
7.A�？疾楦痹~。題干：你可能忍不住說(shuō)，你了解他們的感受。表示感覺(jué)“如何”，應(yīng)選how一詞，故答案為A。
8.D�？疾槊~。題干：但是你應(yīng)該清楚，這是一個(gè)艱難的時(shí)刻，沒(méi)有人確切地知道癌癥患者到底是什么感受。文章涉及的是癌癥病人，因此應(yīng)選cancer一詞。故答案為D。
9.C�？疾榻樵~。題干：幽默是處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題的一個(gè)重要方法。a way of表示“……的辦法”，故答案為C。
10.B�？疾楣潭ù钆洹ｎ}干：讓癌癥患者帶頭，如果他們?cè)谥委熯^(guò)程中的副作用(諸如掉頭發(fā)或者食欲增加)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了好玩的事情……。表示“帶頭”的意思，應(yīng)用take the lead，故答案為B。
11.C�？疾榇~。題干：讓癌癥患者帶頭，如果他們?cè)谥委熯^(guò)程中的副作用(諸如掉頭發(fā)或者食欲增加)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了好玩的事情，你完全可以加入他們開(kāi)懷大笑。因?yàn)檎務(wù)摰氖莟hey，即癌癥病人，因此應(yīng)選them一詞。故答案為C。
12.A。考查副詞。題干：幽默還能緩解壓力，使人暫時(shí)忘卻現(xiàn)狀中更加殘酷的一面。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入，more更符合語(yǔ)義，表示“更加的”，故答案為A。
13.D。考查固定搭配。題干：當(dāng)癌癥患者看起來(lái)很好時(shí)，告訴他們。當(dāng)他們看起來(lái)不太好時(shí)，不要告訴他們。表示“不要做某事”，應(yīng)用refrain from doing something or refrain from something。故答案為D。
14.B。考查名詞。題干：癌癥和癌癥治療的結(jié)果都是不可預(yù)測(cè)的。做好的準(zhǔn)備，也要做不好的準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)空格處前面的`900d days，可以判斷空格處應(yīng)選days一詞。故答案為B。
15.C�？疾椴欢ù~。題干：只要告訴他們你知道——癌癥患者，因?yàn)槟阍?jīng)和其他人一起經(jīng)歷過(guò)，這樣就好很多。表示“了解某事”，應(yīng)用know sth.，故答案為C。
part B
1.A。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：一項(xiàng)國(guó)際調(diào)查顯示，全世界的人們?cè)谥袉?wèn)的時(shí)候會(huì)到達(dá)悲傷沮喪的頂點(diǎn)。結(jié)合下文可知，此處表達(dá)年齡的含義，故選A(年齡)。
2.A。這里考查的是介詞。題干：除幾個(gè)特例外，這個(gè)調(diào)查適用于各地，__________性別、文化、地理位置、財(cái)富、工作歷史、教育、婚姻和父母的階層。固定短語(yǔ)regardless of意為“不管，不顧”，符合句意，所以答案為A。
3.C。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：科學(xué)表明，人生中的快樂(lè)和心理健康成U__________。很顯然，此處表達(dá)“呈現(xiàn)U形狀態(tài)”，故C(形狀)為正確答案。
4.D。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：平均來(lái)講，在20歲的時(shí)候它是最高的，然后慢慢地，在40歲的時(shí)候__________最低。很顯然，此處從最高“降到”最低，故D為正確答案。
5.A。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：但是好消息是你的健康又恢復(fù)了，最終達(dá)到年輕時(shí)的水準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)上文，“科學(xué)表明，人生中的快樂(lè)和心理健康是成u字形的”可知此處選擇mental(精神上的，思想的)，故選A。
6.D。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)是__________一系列不同幸福數(shù)據(jù)的集合得來(lái)的。此處考查短語(yǔ)be based on(根據(jù)，以……為基準(zhǔn))，故選擇D。
7.B。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：這個(gè)調(diào)查包括美國(guó)和西歐的50萬(wàn)男女;1981年到2004年4輪80國(guó)的“世界價(jià)值調(diào)查”，包括北美、東歐、西歐、亞洲、非洲、澳大利亞、美國(guó)中部和南部;并且2004——2007年調(diào)查近l00萬(wàn)英國(guó)人。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)：measure(測(cè)量)，conduct(開(kāi)展)，check(檢查)，inspect(視察)，可知conduct最符合題意，因此選擇B。
8.C。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：這個(gè)調(diào)查包括美國(guó)和西歐的50萬(wàn)男女;l981年到2004年4輪80國(guó)的“世界價(jià)值調(diào)查”，包括北美、東歐、西歐、亞洲、非洲、澳大利亞、美國(guó)中部和南部;并且2004——2007年調(diào)查近一百萬(wàn)英國(guó)人。很顯然此處表達(dá)“包含，涵蓋”的意思，因此C(包括)為正確答案。
9.B。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：最低線(xiàn)：對(duì)世界上大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，最可能的是在44歲左右發(fā)生的。此處講最低線(xiàn)，因此空格處應(yīng)和“低”為近義詞，故B(蕭條，衰落)為正確答案。
10.B。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：在美國(guó)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些無(wú)法解釋的區(qū)別：男人的幸福點(diǎn)在50多歲時(shí)最低，而女人是在40歲的時(shí)候達(dá)到最低點(diǎn)。此處的對(duì)比點(diǎn)是男人和女人，因此空格處為gender(性別)，所以選擇B。
11.B。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)那些活得開(kāi)心的人比活得不開(kāi)心的__________要活得長(zhǎng)久。對(duì)比“和”前后的短語(yǔ)可知此處應(yīng)選擇people，故答案為B。
12.A。這里考查的是詞匯。文章中提到幸福點(diǎn)有最高點(diǎn)也有最低點(diǎn)，因此應(yīng)該是曲線(xiàn)，故選擇A。
13.C。這里考查的是詞匯。此處表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折含義，應(yīng)選擇while(然而)，故答案為C。
14.D。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：也就是說(shuō)，僅僅理解人生中心理健康的大體也是有好處的。根據(jù)曲線(xiàn)，我們可以了解心理健康的大體趨勢(shì)和走向，因此D(趨勢(shì))為正確答案。
15.B。這里考查的是詞匯。題干：這有可能幫助人們認(rèn)識(shí)到，如果他們40歲的年齡__________，這是很正常的。后一句接著講這不是例外，因此此處選擇low(低于)。
職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生B》完型填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題 2
第一部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)
下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線(xiàn)，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與劃線(xiàn)部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。
1.London quickly became a flourishing port.
A.major
B.large
C.successful
D.commercial
答案：A
2.It was a magic night unitil the spell was broken.
A.charm
B.time
C.space
D.opportunity
答案：A
3.They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.
A.prove
B.discover
C.consider
D.imagine
答案：B
4.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.
A.copy
B.publish
C.summarize
D.furnish
答案：D
5.Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down.
A.excitement
B.anger
C.calm
D.disappointment
答案：D
6.His stomach felt hollow with fear.
A.sincere
B.respectful
C.empty
D.terrible
答案：C
7.His knowledge of French is fair.
A.very useful
B.very limited
C.quite good
D.rather special
答案：C
8.The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.
A.inflexible
B.hidden
C.traditional
D.official
答案：A
9.Several windows had been smashed.
A.cleaned
B.broken
C.replaced
D.fixed
答案：B
10.She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.
A.homework
B.act
C.justice
D.model
答案：B
11.His professional career spanned 16 years.
A.lasted
B.started
C.changed
D.moved
答案：A
12.The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.
A.parts
B.aspects
C.pains
D.results
答案：C
13.The group does not advocate the use of violence.
A.limit
B.regulate
C.oppose
D.support
答案：D
14.The majority of people around here are decent.
A.real
B.honest
C.normal
D.wealthy
答案：D
15.He led a very moral life.
A.human
B.honourable
C.intelligent
D.natural
答案：B
第二部分：閱讀判斷
下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。
Some Schooling on Backpacks
According to the U.S.Consumer Product Safety Commission.5.900 kids were treated at hospital emergency rooms,clinics,and doctors’offices last year for sprians(扭傷)and strains caused by backpacks.Such injunes are so widespread that more than 70 percent of physicians as a potential clinical problem for children.
How do you avoid such problems? Choose bags that have wide,padded straps(有墊的背帶)and a belt.That will help transfer some of the weight from the back and shoulders to the hips.You should also tighten both straps firmly,so the pack rests about 2 inches above your waist.Also,remember to pack your bag with the heaviest items closest to your back and to bend both knees when you pick it up.
I low much should you stuff into your pack? That depends on your size and strength,but a general rule is not to exceed 20 percent of your body weight.So if a child weights 100 pounds,the backpack and its load should not be more than 20 pounds.One hint: Make frequent trips to your locker(儲(chǔ)物柜)to exchange books between classes.
Backpacks with wheels let you pull the weight along the ground,but they have problems too.Many are larger than the average shoulder bag,so students are tempted to carry more than they would in a conventional pack.
Roller bags often don’t fit into a locker.They can also lead to tripping and falls in crowded halls.Whatever you use.10 or 15 minutes of stretching and back strengthening is a good idea.
16.About six thousand American kids were injured by carrying backpacks last year.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案：B
17.70 percent of UK physicians have treated children with sprains and strains.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案：B
18.Backpacks with wide,padded straps and a belt can help to avoid problems of sprains and strains.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案：A
19.A 100-pound child should carry a backpack of more than 20 pounds.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案：B
20.Children should put all the books in their locker.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案：B
21.Roller bags tend to be heavier than ordinary backpacks.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案：C
22.A 10-15 minutes’exercise will help you bear a heavier backpack.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案：A
第三部分：概括大意與完成句子
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試，任務(wù)：(1)1-4題 要求從所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第5-8題 要求從所給的5個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。
Aromatherapy(芳香療法)
1 Aromatherapy is a form of alternative medicine which is based on the use of very concentrated essential oils from the flowers,leaves,bark,branches or roots of plants which are considered to have healing properties.In aromatherapy these powerful oils are mixed with other oils,such as almond(杏仁)oil,or they are diluted(稀釋)with water.These solutions(溶液劑)can be rubbed on the skin,sprayed in the air,or applied as a compress(敷藥)。
2 Many people have aromatherapy massages(按摩),and depending on the treatment a person is having,the aromatherapist will massage the oil into the hands or shoulders.The massage is smooth and flowing,as it is designed to create a sense of relaxation and calm.The sessions are tailored to the individuals health and mood at the time,so every session is unique.
3 Praclitioners of aromatherapy believe that the aroma of the essential oils directly stimulates the brain or that the oils are absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream,where they can affect the whole body and promote healing.Other claims in support of aromatherapy are that it aids digestion,improves the functioning of respiratory system,reduces muscular aches and pains,and promotes muscle relaxation and tone.It has also been argued that aromatherapy can improve circulation,lower blood pressure,and help combat insomnia(失眠) and other stress-related disorders such as tension headaches,anxiety,and mild depression.
4 However,while aromatherapy may have real effects that
promote a sense of well-being,some traditional medicine practitioners remain doubtful about its powers.While research has confirmed that aromatherapy does have some positive short-term effects on most people,it also suggests that aromatherapy is not an actual science or medicine that should be used to treat illness.Furthermore,not all aromatherapy is considered beneficial to health.There are precautions which should be taken before having aromatherapy because some oils can have negative effects on people with certain medical conditions.The study of aromatherapy is relatively new and unexplored.More research needs to be conducted to make scientific conclusions about its use and effects.
23.Paragraph 1 ____________
答案：B
24.Paragraph 2 ____________
答案：C
25.Paragraph 3 ____________
答案：D
26.Paragraph 4 ____________
答案：A
A.Doubts about the benefits aromatherapy
B.Introduction to aromatherapy
C.Personalized aromatherapy massage
D.Different views about aromatherapy
E.Aromatherapy and conventional medicine
F.Current research into aromatherapy
27.Aromatherapy is a mixture oil from parts of the plants to ____.
答案：A
28.The sessions of aromatherapy massages are designed to ______.
答案：F
29.Aromatherapy is believed to _________ in various ways.
答案B
30.The used and benefits of aromatherapy need to _______.
答案：E
A.have healing effects
B.be used externally
C.be promoted
D.help the disabled
E.be further explored
F.suit different people
第四部分：閱讀理解。
短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問(wèn)題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
第一篇 Approaches to Understanding Intelligences
It pays to be smart,but we are not all smart in the same way.You may be a talentedmusician,but you might not be a good reader.Each of us is different.
Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities.Psychologists have two different views on intelligence.Some believe there is one general intelligence.Others believe there are many different intelligences.
Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests.These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests.They do well on tests using words,numbers or pictures.They do well on individual or group tests,and written or oral tests.Those who do poorly on one test,do the same on all tests.
Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence.The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving.The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction.Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain.
Howard Gardner,a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education,has four children.He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test.Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists,he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling.He think that the human mind has different intelligences.These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life.Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences.Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.
Gardner says that his theory is based on biology.For example,when one part of the Brain is injured,other parts of the brain still work.People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing.So,there is not just one intelligence to lose.Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic,mathematical,spatial,musical,interpersonal,intrapersonal,body-kinesthetic(身體動(dòng)覺(jué)的),and naturalistic.
31.What is the main idea of this passage ?
A.The importance of intelligence.
B.The development of intelligence tests.
C.How to understand intelligence.
D.How to become intelligent.
答案：C
32.Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence ?
A.People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.
B.Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.
C.Intelligent people do not do well on group tests.
D.Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.
答案：A
33.Gardner believes that ________.
A.all children are alike.
B.children have different intelligences.
C.children should take one intelligence test.
D.there is no general intelligence.
答案：B
34.According to Gardner,schools should ________.
A.test students’ IQs.
B.train students who do poorly on tests.
C.focus on finding the most intelligent students.
D.promote development of all intelligences.
答案：D
45.Gardner thinks that his theory has a ________.
A.biological foundation.
B.musical foundation.
C.intrapersonal foundation.
D.linguistic foundation.
答案：A
第二篇 The Workers Role in Management
Traditionally,it has been the workers role to work and managements role to manage.Managers have planned and directed the firms operations with little thought of consulting the labor force.Managers have rarely felt compelled(被迫的) to obtain the workers opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees.At most,companies have provided "suggestion boxes" in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures.In recent years,however,many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor——they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management.Furthermore,major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents.This is particularly true of plant closings,which may put thousands on the unemployment lines.Should workers,then,play a stronger role in management?
Workers should have a role in management.At the very least,the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions.(A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions.) Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs(失業(yè)),often with no warning.At least 90 days notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust.Management should consult workers before closing a plant,because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.
It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making.There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firms board of directors or other major policymaking groups.If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow,they will help to make improvement,their morale will rise,and their productivity will increase.As a further incentive,they must be given a share in the companys profits.This can be done through employee stockownership plans,bonuses,or rewards for efficiency and productivity.Finally,when a plant can no longer operate at a profit,the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.
36.It can be interred from Paragraph 1 that managers________.
A.seldom obtained workers’opinions
B.were not qualified
C.disliked “suggestion boxes”
D.never consulted the labor force.
答案：B
37.In recent years,many management specialists have been arguing that workers________.
A.are no longer sellers of the products
B.are less affected by company decisions than before.
C.are able to make final decisions for the company.
D.should have a say in management of the company.
答案：D
38.The word “rank-and-life”P(pán)aragraph 2 is closest in meaning to___.
A.senior
B.ordinary
C.intelligent
D.capable
答案：B
39.According to the passage,what happened between 1980 and 1985?
A.Managers consulted workers before closing a plant.
B.Workers did not make necessary concession.
C.About five million workers were laid off without advance notice.
D.Many companies were closed because of strikes.
答案：C
40.It not given a voice in managenal decision making workers_____.
A.may lack the incentive to increase their productivity.
B.cannot get a share in the company’s profits.
C.can still get bonuses for efficiency and productivity.
D.will not have the opportunity to purchase the plant.
答案：A
第三篇 Obesity(肥胖) in the Western World
Obesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world,delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday.According to statements before the opening of the conference —— of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries 一 1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight,and 250 million are obese.
Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said，“ Obesity is a chronic illness.In Germany，20 per cent of the people are already affected，but in Japan only one per cent.” But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.
Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said,"We are living in the new age (but) with the metabolism(新陳代謝) of a stone-age man" “I have just been to the United States.It is really terrible.A pizza shop is springing up on every comer.We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization.”
Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer.Hopichler said,“Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese，also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with adipose(脂肪的) tissue complaints.” "Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease.Reducing ones weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure.”
Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs."Though the health insurance pays for surgery (such as reducing the size of the stomach) when the body-mass index is more than 40.That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters.One should start earlier.”
Ludvik said that prevention should begin in school.“ Child obesity (fat deposits) correlates(與……相關(guān)) with the time which children spend in front of TV sets.”
The consequences were only apparent later on.No more than fifteen per cent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy for their population group.
41.Which of the following is true about obesi
A.People in Japan needn’t worry about obesity.
B.Obesity is a disease that lasts for a long time.
C.20% of the people in the world are overweight.
D.Obesity should be cured with new medication
42.Which of the following does Prof.Friendrich Hopichler probably agree?
A.Diabetes is mainly caused by obesity.
B.50% of patients with high blood pressure complained about obesity.
C.The fast food supplied in American pizza shops is tasteless.
D.The more one weights,the more likely he is to suffer from heart disease.
答案：D
43.Hermann Toplak suggested that more money should be spent on_______.
A.health insurance
B.preventive programs
C.state health services
D.obesity-related surgeries
答案：B
44.Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?
A.Diabetes
B.High blood pressure
C.Stomachache
D.Adipose tissue complaints
答案：A
45.”The consequences” in the last paragraph result from people_____.
A.reducing their weight
B.eating fast food
C.getting obese
D.spending too much time in front of TV sets
答案：C
第五部分：補(bǔ)全短文
閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
The Day a Language Died
When Carios Westez died at the age of 76.a language died,too.Westez,more commonly known as Red Thunder Cloud,was the last speaker of the Native American language.Catawba.Anyone who wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington,D.C.,where,back in the 1940s,Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations.__________(46)They are all that is left of the Catawba language.The language that people used to speak is gone forever.
We are all aware of the damage that modern industry can do to the world’s ecology(生態(tài)).However,few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life.English has spread all over the world.Chinese,Spanish,Russian,and Hindi have become powerful languages.As well,___________(47).When this happens,hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few die out.
Scholars believe there are about 6,000 languages around the world,but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years.There are many examples,Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu,located in the Pacific Ocean.It is spoken by only a few older adults，so like Catawba，Araki will soon disappear.Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers._________(48)In the Americas,100 languages,each of which has fewer than 300 speakers,also are dying out.
Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the threat of language death and to try to do something about it.He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe,and the language was not his mother tongue._________(49).The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular.Now he is gone,and the language is dead.
What does it mean when a language disappears? When a plant or insect or animal species dies,it is easy to understand what we’ve been lost and to appreciate what this means for the balance of the natural word.However,language is only a product of the mind.To be the last remaining speaker of a language，like Red Thunder Cloud，must be a lonely destiny,almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species.____________(50)
A.As these language become more powerful.their use as tools of business and culture increase.
B.For the rest of us,when a language dies,we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.
C.These language don’t have many native speakers.
D.However，he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carcinoma where he learned the language.
E.Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different languages，but more than 100 of them are in danger of extinction(滅絕).
F.Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart.
答案：
46、F ;
47、A ;
48、C;
49、D;
50、B
第六部分：完形填空
閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。
Teaching and Learning Medicine Award
Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday,kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
Australian-born U.S.citizen Elizabeth Blackbum and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical________(51)for their enzyme(酶)research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.
Only seven women have_______(52)the medicine prize since the first Nobel prizes were________(53) out in 1901.The last female winner was U.S.researcher Linda Buck in 2004,who_______(54)the prize with Richard Axel.
Among the pair’s possible_______(55)are Frenchman Piene Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen,who_________(56) up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors(核激素受體).
As usual,the award committee is giving no_________(57) about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm’s Karolinska institute.
Alfred Nobel,the Swede who__________(58) dynamite(炸藥) established the prizes in his will in the__________(59) of medicine,physics,chemistry,literature and peace.The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden’s central bank.
Nobel left few instructions on how to_________(60) winners,but medicine winners are typically__________(61) for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.
Hans Jornvall,secretary of the medicine prize committee,said the 10 million kronor(瑞典克朗) prize encourages_________(62) research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.
“Individual researchers probably don’t__________(63) at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they’re__________(64) work,” Jornvall told the Associated Press.They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life___________(65).
51.A.signs B.Claims C.deals D.honors
52.A.lost B.taken C.won D.snatched
53.A.Handed B.Shouted C.read D.delivered
54.A.had B.received C.shared D.collected
55.A.rivals B.matches C.counterparts D.partners
56.A.backed B.opened C.picked D.worked
57.A.proposals B.suggestions C.ideas D.hints
58.A.saw B.discovered C.invented D.heard
59.A.groups B.divisions C.samples D.categories
60.A.find B.select C.locate D.search
61.A.awarded B.sent C.invited D.demanded
62.A.ordinary B.historical C.ongoing D.groundbreaking
63.A.regard B.laugh C.look D.smile
64.A.on B.for C.with D.at
65.A.means B.passes C.functions D.rises
答案：
51-55 DCACA
56-60 BDCDB
61-65 ADCDC
職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生B》真題及答案2
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1.30 000 dollars is a lot of money,but it’s ______ than we need.
A.far more B.far much C.far less D.far little
2.The news _____ be true.I know everything about it.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.may not
3.We hope Mary _____ to us as soon as she reaches London.
A.write B.to write C.will write D.writes
4.I’m sorry I can’t _____ the pen you lent me yesterday.
A.look for B.look out C.find D.find out
5.When did Jack _____ Joan?
A.marry with B.marry to C.get married with D.get married to
二、閱讀理解
It was the final examination for physics at a school.The examination was two hours long,and exam papers were given.The teacher was very strict and told the class that any exam paper which was not on his desk in two hours would be refused（拒絕） and the student would fail（不及格）.A half hour into the exam,a student came rushing in and asked the teacher for an exam paper.
"Youre not going to have time to finish this," the teacher said slowly as he gave the student a paper.
"Yes,I will," answered the student.He then took a seat and began writing.After two hours,the teacher began to call for the exam papers,and the students stood up and put them on the teacher’s desk,all except the late student,who went on writing.A half hour later,the last student came up to the teacher who was sitting at his desk and busy writing something.He tried to put his exam paper on the stack（摞）of the other papers already there.
"No,you cant,Im not going to take that in.Its late."
The student became worried.He thought for a while,and then he asked the teacher in a low voice," Do you know WHO I am?"
"No,surely I dont," answered the teacher.
"DO YOU KNOW WHO I AM?" The student asked again.
"No,and I dont care," said the teacher in a louder voice.
"Good," answered the student,who quickly put his paper in the middle of the stack of exam papers,and rushed out of the room.
1．What did the teacher do before the exam began?
A．He called the names of the students in the classroom.
B．He helped the students write the papers.
C．He told the students some rules about the exam.
D．He said he was very strict and no one can pass it.
2．Why did the student ask “Do you know who I am?” twice?
A．He would play a joke on the teacher.
B．He wanted to tell the teacher he was angry.
C．He was afraid that he would fail the exam.
D．He already had a plan in his mind.
3．What do you think of the teacher’s attitude（態(tài)度） to the late student?
A．He was friendly.
B．He was polite.
C．He was cold.
D．He was careless.
答案
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1.C 解析：從橫線(xiàn)后的than可以推出本空中應(yīng)該選擇形容詞的'比較級(jí)，因而排除BD選項(xiàng)。然后根據(jù)句意，前句中提到三萬(wàn)美元是很大一筆錢(qián)了，但后句中有一個(gè)but表明，這些還是不夠的。應(yīng)該選less。本題中far是修飾比較級(jí)的，表示遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。、
2.A 解析： 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的意義，can’t表示不可能，mustn’t表示禁止，needn’t表示不必須，may not表示也許不，但由于may表示推測(cè)，但是可能性非常小。后一句中提到，我這到這件事的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，應(yīng)該用can’t比較合適。
3.C 解析：hope的用法中沒(méi)有hope sb do sth或hope sb to do sth，因此排除A。B選項(xiàng)，本題可以理解為hope后跟了省略引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意，我們希望Mary一到倫敦就給我們打電話(huà)，Mary 還沒(méi)到London，她給我們寫(xiě)信也是將來(lái)的事。應(yīng)該用將來(lái)時(shí)。本題是稍復(fù)雜點(diǎn)的‘主將從現(xiàn)’。
4.C 解析：look for尋找，強(qiáng)調(diào)找的動(dòng)作，找沒(méi)找到不知道，look out,意思是小心，留神。Find意思是‘找到’，find out 意思是‘找出（事實(shí)的真相等）’本題中用find更合適。
5.D 解析：marry一般不與with連用，因而排除AC.常用的用法是be/get married to sb.
二、閱讀理解
1.C 解析：從第一段第三行看出，老師宣布了的規(guī)則是，每個(gè)學(xué)生必須按時(shí)交卷，要不然老師就不接受試卷那么學(xué)生就會(huì)不及格。其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均不正確。本題用排除法最好。
2.D 解析：從最后一段看出，學(xué)生兩次確認(rèn)老師不知道他的名字是為了把卷子塞在試卷堆里，然后跑掉。他在跟老師確認(rèn)的時(shí)候心里已經(jīng)有個(gè)計(jì)劃了。（what a clever boy!）本題也應(yīng)該用排除法。
3.C 解析：cold是冷酷的的意思，老師非常嚴(yán)格，所以只有C選項(xiàng)符合題意。
職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生B》完型填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題 3
Migrant (移民的) Workers
In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some countries have restricted most (1) to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in the Middle East, (2) increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to call in outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle East has attracted oil-workers (3) the U.S.A. and Europe. It has brought in workers from many countries, (4) South Korea and Japan.
In view of the difficult living and working (5) in the Middle East, it is no surprising that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can (6) at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major (7).
Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating (補(bǔ)償?shù)? advantage. For example, the (8) living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to (9) on each other for safety and comfort. In a similar way, many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly because of the (10) of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely (11) greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do routine work in their home country.
One major problem which (12) migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones. They are nearly always on (13), so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be (14) since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. In any (15), migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of the considerable financial benefits which they receive.
1 A cases B jobs C activities D uses
2 A which B what C who D where
3 A from B with C in D of
4 A opposing B limiting C including D asking
5 A parts B conditions C methods D clothes
6 A earn B borrow C change D cost
7 A role B difficulty C event D attraction
8 A necessary B normal C difficult D good
9 A depend B look C base D go
10 A range B lack C lot D number
11 A presents B accepts C takes D meets
12 A invites B affects C needs D reflects 13 A investment B strike C contract D duty
14 A suggested B reported C indicated D expected 15 A time B attempt C way D case
【參考答案】
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B
6. A 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B
11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D
【職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生B》完型填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題】相關(guān)文章：
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