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職稱英語(yǔ)真題《衛(wèi)生C》閱讀理解精選題
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Better Control of TB Seen if a Faster Cure Is Found
The World Health Organizationl estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it.
The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.
Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious
patients who can pass on their infection to others.
The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.
The World Health Organization developed the DOTS program in 1990. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.
Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.
31. Each year, about __________ people die of TB, according to the World Health Organization.
A. one-third of all
B. eight million
C. two million
D. one million
32. The mathematical model tested in Southeast Asia shows that a faster cure is developed and in wide use as early as the year of __________.
A.1990
B.2020
C.2030
D.2012
33. Now there are __________ most common drugs being used for more than forty years.
A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four
34. Which of the following statements in NOT right in Paragraph 2?
A. Current treatments of TB take at least six months.
B. Shorter treatment program would likely mean more patients cured, and fewer infectious patients.
C. The patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily.
D. The patients should stop taking antibiotic drugs as soon as they feel better.
35. The long-term goal of the Global Alliance for TB Drug Development is a treatment that could work
A. in half a year
B. in two months
C. in ten doses
D. in ten days
答案與解析
31.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織，每年約有__________人死于TB。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞TB.die和world Health Organization可以定位到第一段“But each year about eight million people develop active cases ofTB。usually in their lungs.Two million people die ofit”，可知每年約有800萬人感染TB，200萬人因此喪命，所以該題答案為C(200萬)。
32.D。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：南亞被檢驗(yàn)的數(shù)學(xué)模型表明最早在——年將有較快的治愈率和廣泛的應(yīng)用。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞south Aisa，faster cure和wide use可以定位到第三段的尾句，可知該模型如果在2012年有較快的治愈率和廣泛的應(yīng)用，那么在2012到2030年之間就會(huì)有減少，可知本題答案為D(2012年)。
33.D。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：現(xiàn)在有——種常見藥已經(jīng)使用了40多年。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞common drugs和forty years可以定位到最后一段“The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old”，可知有四種常見藥已經(jīng)使用了40多年了，故D(四種)為正確答案。
34.D。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)第二段，下列哪項(xiàng)是不正確的?根據(jù)第二段第一句可知目前治療TB需要至少6個(gè)月，所以選項(xiàng)A是正確的;根據(jù)第二段的第二句可知病人需要每天同時(shí)服用好幾種抗生素，所以選項(xiàng)C是正確的;根據(jù)第二段的第三句和第四句可知，許多病人在感覺好點(diǎn)后就停止服藥，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致抵抗治療效果的感染，所以選項(xiàng)D(病人在感覺好點(diǎn)后應(yīng)該停止服藥)是錯(cuò)誤的：根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句可知，短期治療項(xiàng)目意味著有更多病人被治愈，也意味著被感染的病人較少地將TB傳染給其他人。因此，本題答案為D。
35.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：TB全球聯(lián)合會(huì)的長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)是一種__________ 治療。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞long-term goal和Global Alliance for TB Drug Development可以定位到最后一段的最后一句，可知該組織的長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)是找到一種治療方法，通過十次劑量就有效，故本題答案為C(十次的劑量)。
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