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2017年職稱英語模擬試題及答案理工類C級強化
2017職稱英語考試備考開始拉開序幕，為了幫助大家更好地備考，以下是yjbys網(wǎng)小編整理的關于職稱英語模擬試題及答案理工類C級強化，供大家備考。
The Tiniest Electric Motor in the World
1 Scientists recently made public the tiniest electric motor ever1 built. You could stuff hundreds of them into the period at the end of this sentence. One day a similar engine might power a tiny mechanical doctor that would travel through your body to remove your disease.
2 The motor works by shuffling atoms between two molten metal droplets in a carbon nanotube. One droplet is even smaller than the other. When a small electric current is applied to the droplets, atoms slowly get out of the larger droplet and join the smaller one. The small droplet grows — but never gets as big as the other droplet — and eventually bumps into the large droplet. As they touch, the large droplet rapidly sops up the atoms it had previously lost. This quick shift in energy produces a power stroke2.
3 The technique exploits the fact that surface tension — the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating — becomes more important at small scales3. Surface tension is the same thing that allows some insects to walk on water.
4 Although the amount of energy produced is small — 20 microwatt s — it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor4. The whole setup5 is less than 200 nanometers on a side, or hundreds of times smaller than the width of a human hair. If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine6, it would be too million times more powerful than a Toyota Camry’s 225 horsepower V6 engine.
5 In 1988, Professor Richard Muller and colleagues made the first operating micromotor, which was 100 microns across7, or about the thickness of a human hair. In 2003, Zettl’s group created the first nanoscale motor. In 2006, they built a nanoconveyor, which moves tiny particles along like cars in a factory.
6 Nanotechnology engineers try to mimic nature, building things atom-by-atom. Among other things, nanomotors could be used in optical circuits to redirect light, a process called optical switching. Futurists envision a day when nanomachines, powered by nanomotors, travel inside your body to find disease and repair damaged cells.
詞匯: shuffle /5FQfl/v.來回運動 nanometer /5neinE7mi:tE/n.納米，毫微米 molten /5mEultEn/adj.熔化的 micromotor n.微電機 droplet /5drCplit/n.小滴 nanotube n.納米管 roycvnoconan n.納米傳送帶 nanotechnology n.納米技術 bump /bQmp/v.碰撞 mimic / 5mimik/n.模仿 sop /sCp/v.吸入 stroke /strEuk/n.行程，沖積 microwatt /5maikrEuwCt/n.微瓦 nanomotor n.納米發(fā)動機nanomachine n.納米機器 注釋:
1. ever:比以往任何時候，曾經(jīng)。如 : This is the best book I have ever read.這是我讀過的書中昀好的一本。
2. power stroke：動力行程
3. at small scales：在小等級上。這里指的是“在納米等級上”。
4. it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor：與電動機的小等級相比，功率是相當可觀了。 in relation to是“與……相比”。如 : The city is quite large in relation to its population. 就人口而言，這個城市相當?shù)拇蟆?/p>
5. setup：裝置。這里指， nanomotor
6. If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine：如果納米電動機能按比例放大到汽車發(fā)動機的尺寸。 Scale … up to是“把……按比例放大到……”。
7. across：從一端到另一端練習:
1. Paragraph 2 A An Introduction of a Toyota’s 225 Horsepower V6 Engine
2. Paragraph 4 B C A Description of the Nanomotor in Terms of Power and Size Surface Tension
3. Paragraph 5 D Previous Inventions of Nanoscale Products
4. Paragraph 6 E F The Working Principle of the Nanomotor Possible Fields of Application in the Future
5. Doctors envision that the nanomotor would travel through human bodies to .
6. Surface tension means the tendency of atoms or molecules to .
7. Nanoconveyors could be used to .
8. Applying a small electric current causes atoms to .
A remove disease
B resist separating
C shuffle between two molten metal droplets
D power nanornachines
E sop up molecules from the large droplet
F transport nanoscale objects
答案與題解：
1. E第二段介紹了納米發(fā)動機的工作原理。兩小滴金屬熔液通上微弱電流，大的小滴的原子就會緩慢逸出，加入小的小滴，后者體積不斷地大，到一定階段，就會與前者碰撞，這時，大的小滴便奪回它失去的原子，這就是一次 power stroke (動力行程，動力沖程 )，此時就會產(chǎn)生發(fā)動饑的動力。原子如此來來去去運動，就像發(fā)動機活塞一樣。這就是納米發(fā)動機的工作原理。所以， E是答案。
2. B 第四段描述了納米發(fā)動機的功率 ( 20微瓦)和體積 ( 200納米)。選項 B用“A description of the nanomotor in terms of power and size”概括本段大意，很準確，所以， B是答案。
3. D 第五段介紹了發(fā)明納米發(fā)動機之前的一些納米等級的機械產(chǎn)品，如體積大一些的納米發(fā)動機，微型發(fā)動機，納米傳送帶，納米機器等。選項 D概括了本段的大意，所以是答案。
4. F 第六段預想了納米發(fā)動機的用途，如用于光電路以改變光的方向 (redirect light)和驅動納米機器進入人體，消滅病灶。選項 F是答案，因為“ Possible fields of application in the future”概括了本段的大意。
5.A 答案是 A。題干出現(xiàn) doctors envision，選項的內(nèi)容應與醫(yī)學有關，選項 A是 remove disease，正好與題干的內(nèi)容相配，是答案。短文第一段和昀后一段也提到納米發(fā)動機進入人體消滅病灶的可能性，證明了選 A是正確的。
6. B 選 B的依據(jù)是第三段第一句“ surface tension — the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating — becomes more important at small scales”。
7. F 題干的 nanoconveyor提示我們，納米傳送帶的功能自然是傳送納米等級的物體，所以， F是答案。
8. C 題干的 Applying a small electric current …在第二段能找到，該段講的是納米發(fā)動機的工作原理。如果了解原子在兩小滴金屬熔液中來回運動，產(chǎn)生動力，就會知道 C是答案。
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