職稱英語真題《衛(wèi)生A》閱讀理解精選
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Social Anxiety Disorder
(1)Social anxiety disorder prevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social and romantic lives, a new survey finds.
(2)The disorder leaves many isolated, ashamed and often misdiagnosed. Thirty-six percent of those with social anxiety disorder have symptoms for 10 years or more before seeking help,the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports.
(3)"Social anxiety disorder is when somebody has an intense, persistent and irrational fear of social or performance situations," Jerilyn Ross, the association's president and CEO, said during a teleconference Wednesday.
(4) "The condition causes people to avoid common, everyday situations and even other people for fear of being judged or criticized or humiliated or embarrassing themselves," Ross said.
(5) Social anxiety disorder can interfere with daily routines and job performance, Ross noted. "It also makes it very difficult for people to develop friends and romantic partnerships, "she said.
(6) People with this disorder recognize their fear is excessive and irrational, Rose noted. "But they feel powerless to do anything about it," she said.
(7)Social anxiety disorder can start in the early teens, Dr. Mark H. Pollack, director of the Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders and a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said during the teleconference.
(8)"This is a disorder that starts affecting people early onl," Pollack said. "The typical age of onset is early adolescence, age 12 or 13, and many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to 2 earlier childhood."
(9)The disorder also has physical symptoms, including heart palpitations, feelings that their throat will close up, sweating, blushing, faintness, trembling and stammering, Ross said.
(10) Among people with the disorder, 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In addition, 69 percent said they didn't want people to think they were crazy, and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition, Ross said.
(11) However, when the condition is diagnosed and treated, many reported improvement in their lives.
In fact, 59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship. In addition, 39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help, Ross noted.
41. Which of the following is not true of the people with social anxiety disorder?
A. They find it difficult to make friends.
B. They tend to judge or criticize other people.
C. They are often isolated and ashamed.
D. They frequently fail to get timely treatment.
42. People with the disorder think that their fear is __________.
A. justified
B. beneficial
C. beyond control
D. controllable
43. Usually the disorder starts to affect people when __________.
A. they fall in love
B. they begin to work
C. they get married
D. they are in their early teens
44. All the following are likely symptoms of the disorder EXCEPT __________.
A. heart palpitations
B. sweating
C. sore throat
D. blushing
45. The last paragraph indicates that treatment of the disorder__________.
A. has no positive on those affected
B. was unavailable to those affected
C. was often rejected by those affected
D. could improve the life of those affected
答案與解析
41.B。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干：有關(guān)那些有社交焦慮紊亂癥狀的人群的描述，哪一項(xiàng)是不對(duì)的?該題是典型的細(xì)節(jié)判斷題，所以可以利用選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行定位和解答。定位選項(xiàng)A的關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到第五段的第二句，可知Ross解釋道社交焦慮紊亂使人們很難找到朋友以及伴侶;定位選項(xiàng)B的關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到第四段，可知社交焦慮紊亂使得人們避免日常的場(chǎng)景和其他人，因?yàn)閾?dān)心被人所評(píng)判或批評(píng)或害怕自己丟臉或?qū)擂蔚龋纱丝芍x項(xiàng)B與原文信息不一致;定位選項(xiàng)C的關(guān)鍵詞可以定位第二段的第一句，可知社交焦慮紊亂讓很多人孤獨(dú)、羞愧以及經(jīng)常被誤診，因?yàn)檎`診所以也得不到及時(shí)的治療;因而，本題答案為B(他們傾向于評(píng)判或批判別人)。
42.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：社交焦慮紊亂的人認(rèn)為他們的恐懼是 __________ 。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞People with the disorder和fear可以定位到第六段，可知有社交紊亂癥的人意識(shí)到他們的恐懼是過度的，是不合理的，但是他們又無力解決，由此可知，A、B和D項(xiàng)與原文不一致，所以該題正確答案為C(難以控制的)。
43.D。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：通常紊亂開始影響到人們是 __________ 。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞starts to affect可以定位第七段首句，從中可知社交焦慮紊亂開始于十幾歲的早期，故該題答案為D(他們剛剛過十歲的時(shí)候)。
44.C。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干：下列都是紊亂的癥狀，除了__________。分別定位四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞，可以定位到第9段，從中可知紊亂的癥狀有很多，包括心悸，感覺喉嚨緊閉，出汗，臉紅，眩暈、發(fā)抖和結(jié)巴等，所以該題的答案為C(咽喉腫痛)。
45.D。題干：最后一段表明社交焦慮紊亂癥的治療__________。推斷題。從最后一段的首句來看，當(dāng)?shù)玫皆\斷和治療時(shí)，多數(shù)人報(bào)告說這改善了其生活。其他句子都是舉例說明，由此可知選項(xiàng)D(能夠改善那些受紊亂癥困擾的人的生活)為正確答案。
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