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職稱英語歷年真題《理工B》閱讀判斷精選
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Wide World of Robots
Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker (修補(bǔ)) with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices. "They're the best toys out there,"says Howle Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist, a person who designs, builds or programs robots.
When Choset was a kid, he was interested in anything that moved---cars, trains, animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later, in high school, he built mobile robots similar to small cars.
Hoping to continue working on robots, he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Choset's labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars: robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward, backward, left and right. But snakes can twist (扭曲) in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain (地形) . "Snakes are far more interesting than the cars, "Choset concluded.
After he started working at Carnegie Mellon, Choset and his colleagues there bagan developing their own snake robots. Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes, such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl (爬行) through the grass, swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.
But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries, the doctor has to open a patient's chest, cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?
Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati, a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School, to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.
A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.
Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations, "I still don't get bored of watching the motion of my robots," Choset says.
16. Choset began to build robots in high school.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. Snake robots could move in only four directions.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. Choset didn't begin developing his own snake robots until he started working at CamegieMellon.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. Choset's snake robots could make more movements than the ones others developed.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. The application of a thin robotic snake makes heart surgeries less time-consuming.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. Zenati tested the robot on people after using it in pigs.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. The robotic technology for surgeries on people has brought a handsome profit to Medrobotics.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
真題答案及解析
16.A。題干：Choset在高中開始制作機(jī)器人。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞high school和build robots可以定位到第二段最后一句，即“后來，在高中時(shí)，他開始制造與汽車機(jī)器人相似的移動機(jī)器人”，可知題干信息與原文信息一致，故選A。
17.B。題干：機(jī)器蛇只能往四個(gè)方向移動。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞move和direction可以定位到第三段第二句到第四句，可知：Choset的實(shí)驗(yàn)室同事們正在研究比遙控車更酷的東西，即機(jī)器蛇。一些機(jī)器人只能向前、向后、向左或向右移動，但是機(jī)器蛇可以向多個(gè)方向扭曲。因此題干信息與原文信息不一致，所以答案為B。
18.A。題干：Choset到Carnegie Mellon工作后才開始研究自己的機(jī)器蛇。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞robot snake和work at Camegie Mellon可以定位到第四段第一句，即“他在Carnegie Mellon工作后，Choset和同事們開始設(shè)計(jì)自己的機(jī)器蛇。題干信息與原文信息一致，故選A。
19.C。題干：Choset研究的機(jī)器蛇比其他人開發(fā)的機(jī)器蛇運(yùn)動的方向更多。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行定位，發(fā)現(xiàn)原文沒有將Choset的機(jī)器蛇跟其他人研究的機(jī)器蛇進(jìn)行比較。因此答案為C。
20.C。題干：將小的機(jī)器蛇用于心臟手術(shù)可以減少手術(shù)時(shí)間。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞heart surgeries可以定位到第五段最后兩句，可知手術(shù)完成之后恢復(fù)的過程很痛苦，所以Choset想把小的機(jī)器蛇用于臨床手術(shù)，這樣可以減少痛苦，但并沒有提及手術(shù)時(shí)間會減少。因此答案為C，未提及。
21.B。題干：Zenati將機(jī)器人手術(shù)在豬身上實(shí)驗(yàn)后又在人的身上進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞pig可以定位到第六段第二句�？芍猌enafi先在塑料模型上實(shí)驗(yàn)，然后又在豬身上實(shí)驗(yàn)。題干信息與原文信息不一致，因此答案為B。
22.c。題干：對人采用機(jī)器人技術(shù)進(jìn)行外科手術(shù)已經(jīng)給Medrobotics帶來了巨大的利益。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞profit和Medrobotics可以定位到第七段，可知Medrobotics正在采用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，但并沒有提及獲得巨大利益，因此答案為C，未提及。
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