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職稱英語(yǔ)《理工B》閱讀理解歷年真題精選
在各領(lǐng)域中，我們需要用到試題的情況非常的多，試題是學(xué)�；蚋髦鬓k方考核某種知識(shí)才能的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。那么一般好的試題都具備什么特點(diǎn)呢？以下是小編整理的職稱英語(yǔ)《理工B》閱讀理解歷年真題精選，歡迎大家借鑒與參考，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
職稱英語(yǔ)《理工B》閱讀理解歷年真題 1
More Rural Research Is Needed
Agricultural research funding is vital if the world is to feed itself better than it does now. Dr.
Tony Fischer, cropscientist, said demand was growing at 2.5% per year but with modern technologies and the development of new ones, the world should be able to stay ahead.
"The global decline in investment in international agricultural research must be reversed if significant progress is to be made towards reducing malnutrition ( 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良) and poverty." he said.
Research is needed to solve food production, land degradation (貧瘠化) and environmental problems. Secure local food supplies led to economic growth which is turn, slowed population growth. Dr. Fischer painted a picture of the worlds ability to feed itself in the first 25 years, when the worlds population is expected to rise from 5.8 to 8 billion people. He said that things will probably hold or improve but therell still be a lot of hungry people. The biggest concentration of poor and hungry people would be in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia in 2020, similar to the current pattem. If there is any change, aslight improvement will be seen in southern Asia, but not in sub-Saharan Africa. The major improvement will be in East Asia, South America and South-East Asia.
The developing world was investing about 0.5%, or $8 billion a year, of its agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) on research and developed world was spending 2.5% of its GDP. Dr.
Fischer said more was needed from all countries.
He said crop research could produce technologies that spread across many countries, such as wheat production research having spin-offs (有用的副產(chǎn)品 ) for Mexico, China or India.
"Technologies still need to be refined for the local conditions but a lot of the strategic research can have global application, so that money can be used very efficiently." Dr. Fischer said.
Yields of flee, wheatand maize( 玉米)have grown impressively in the past 30 years, especially in developing countries. Forexample, maize production rose from 2 to 8 tons per hectare between 1950 and 1995. But technologies driving this growth such as high-yield varieties, fertilizers,andirrigation, were becoming exhausted. "If you want to save the land for non-agricultural activities, for forests and wildlife, youre going to have to increase yield." Dr. Fischer said.
36. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Shortage of food supplies.
B. Development of agricultural technologies.
C. Impact of agricultural research
D. Expectation of population growth.
37. Which of the following statements is true about the worlds agricultural research funding?
A. It is increasing among developed countries.
B. It is decreasing worldwide.
C. Less is demanded from developingcountries.
D. Most of it is spend very efficiently.
38. What is the picture of Asias food supplies in the first 25 years?
A. Food shortage will not be a problem.
B. There will be more hungry people in southern Asia.
C. Population growth will result in more hungry people.
D. There will be fewer hungry people in East Asia.
39. What does Dr. Fischer say about technologies?
A. They are costly. B. They have to be improved to meet local needs.
C. Their application is limited. D. They have to be applied locally.
40. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that __________.
A. there is a demand for saving land for non-agricultural activities
B. crop production is growing faster in developing countries
C. maize production reached its peak in the 1990s
D. technologies improving maize production have been well developed
答案與解析
36.c。題干：這篇文章的大意是什么?主旨題。根據(jù)每段的首尾句，例如“agricultural research funding”，“research is needed”，“crop research”等可知，多數(shù)段落討論的都是有關(guān)research的，所以選項(xiàng)C(農(nóng)業(yè)研究的影響)為正確答案。
37.B。題干：下列關(guān)于世界農(nóng)業(yè)研究基金的說(shuō)法正確的是哪一項(xiàng)?判斷題。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞world’s agricultural research fundin9可以定位到第一段和第二段，從Dr.Tonv Fischer的話語(yǔ)中可知“全球?qū)τ趪?guó)際農(nóng)業(yè)研究的投資都在下降，這種狀況亟需改變，然后才能在減少營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良和貧窮方面取得顯著進(jìn)步”，故B(全世界的農(nóng)業(yè)研究基金都在縮減)是正確答案。
38.C。題干：亞洲地區(qū)最初25年的食物供應(yīng)情況為何?細(xì)節(jié)題。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞Asia’s foodsupply和25 years可以定位到第三段的相關(guān)句子，從中可知，在Fischer所描繪的全世界食物自給自足的展望中，在最初25年世界人口會(huì)從58億增加到80億，仍可能會(huì)有大量的饑餓人群(a lot ofhungry people)，主要集中在sub.Saharan Africa和southem Asia，饑餓人群有較大改善的區(qū)域是在East Asia，South America和South.East Asia，由此可以推知C(人口的增長(zhǎng)將導(dǎo)致更多的'饑餓人群)是正確答案。
39.B。題干：Dr.Fischer認(rèn)為技術(shù)如何?細(xì)節(jié)題。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞technology可以定位第倒數(shù)第二段，意為“技術(shù)需要予以改善來(lái)適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)氐那闆r，但是很多戰(zhàn)略研究則適用于全球”，由此可知B(技術(shù)應(yīng)該予以改善來(lái)滿足當(dāng)?shù)氐男枨?是正確答案。
40.A。題干：從最后一段可以推斷出__________。推斷題。從最后一段來(lái)看，過(guò)去30年，大米、小麥和玉米的產(chǎn)量在發(fā)展中國(guó)家獲得了很大增加，同時(shí)推動(dòng)高產(chǎn)量的技術(shù)，諸如高產(chǎn)的種類、化肥、灌溉，都已經(jīng)開(kāi)始不再有效了(枯竭)，如果想要騰出土地從事其他非農(nóng)業(yè)的活動(dòng)，則必須提高產(chǎn)量。由此可知B和D與原文信息不一致;B項(xiàng)有較大干擾性，原文是說(shuō)發(fā)展中國(guó)家的糧食產(chǎn)量有了很大增加，但并未說(shuō)比發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家增加得快，故該題 答案為A(要節(jié)省土地去從事非農(nóng)業(yè)的活動(dòng))。
職稱英語(yǔ)《理工B》閱讀理解歷年真題 2
In the last 500 years, nothing about people---not their clothes, ideas, or languages---has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made form the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the Potato Famine of 1845-6, and thousands more were forced to emigrate to America.
There are many other foods that have traveled from south America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.
According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a goatherd named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the wide-awake feeling that one-third of the worlds population now starts the day with.
1. According to the passage, which of the following changed more than others?
A. Clothes.
B. Ideas.
C. Languages.
D. Foods.
2. Chocolate drink was first invented in while coffee was first invented in _______.
A. Spain; Brazil
B. South America; the Old World
C. Spain; Ethiopia
D. London; Rent
3. In 1845, thousands of Irish people were forced to live in America mainly because .
A. Ireland became dependent on the potato
B. the potato was brought to Europe from Peru
C. they could easily get potato in America
D. the production of potatoes reduced(減少)
4. According to the passage, who first made chocolate drink from the seeds of the cacao tree?
A. People in Peru
B. People in Brazil.
C. South American Indians.
D. People in Ethiopia.
5. From the passage we can conclude (得出結(jié)論) that millions of people drink coffee .
A. in the morning
B. at noon
C. in the afternoon
D. in the evening
答案:
ACDCD
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