2024年職稱英語真題訓練理工閱讀理解
從小學、初中、高中到大學乃至工作，我們需要用到考試真題的情況非常的多，考試真題是命題者根據(jù)一定的考核需要編寫出來的。你知道什么樣的考試真題才能切實地幫助到我們嗎？以下是小編整理的2024年職稱英語真題訓練理工閱讀理解，歡迎大家分享。
職稱英語真題訓練理工閱讀理解 1
第4部分：閱讀理解(第31——45題，每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。
第三篇
Can You Hear This?
When something creates a sound wave in a room or anauditorium, listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They alsohear the reflections as the sound bounces off thewalls. floor, and ceiling. These are called the reflected wave or reverberant(反射)sound, which can be heard evenafter the sound is no longer coming from the source.
The reverberation time of an auditorium isdetermined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium. It is alsodetermined by how well or how poorly the walls, ceiling, floor, and contents ofthe room (including the people) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time,because each use of an auditorium calls for different reverberation. Speechneeds to be understood clearly; therefore rooms used for talking must have ashort reverberation time. The full-sound performance of music such ad Wagneroperas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time. The light,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewherebetween.
Acoustic problems often are caused by poorauditorium design. Smooth, curved reflecting surfaces create large reflections.Parallel (平行的)wallsreflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid, repetitive pulsing effect.Large pillars (柱)and comerscan cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object.Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and reflectors tochange the reverberation time of a room. For example, hanging large reflectors,called clouds, over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflectand others to pass to achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.
41 This passage is mainly about
A. Sound waves and their effects.
B. the types of music orchestras play.
C. walls of an auditorium.
D.the design of an auditorium.
答案：D
42. Wagner operas and Mahler symphonieswith full-sound effect have
A. a short reverberation time.
B. an intermediate reverberation time.
C. no reverberation time.
D. along reverberation time.
答案：D
43. This passage suggests that a goodauditorium should
A. get rid of all reflections.
B. not have absorbers.
C.achieve a pleasing mixture of sound
D. have smooth surfaces.
答案：C
44. Large pillars and corners may
A. make sound rich and full.
B. be cures for sound problems.
C.be sources of sound problems.
D. function as effectively as clouds.
答案：C
45. The word" acoustic" in thelast paragraph has something to do with
A. performance
B.sound
C. audience
D. weather
答案：B
職稱英語真題訓練理工閱讀理解 2
Scientists have long understood that supermasvive black holes weighing. Millions or billions of suns can tear apart stars that come too close. The black holegravity pulls harder on the neatest part of the star, an imbalance that pulls the star apart over a period of minutes or hours, once it gets close enough. When the star gets Close enough, the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake shape. Some previous studies had suggested this flattening would increase the density and temperature inside the star enough to trigger intense nuclear reactions that would tear it apart. But other studies had suggested that the picture would he complicated by shock waves generated during the flattening process and that not nuclear explosion should occur. The devouring of stars by black holes may already have been observed, although at a much later stage. It is thought that several months after the event that rips the star apart, its matter starts swirling into the hole itself. It heats up as it does so, releasing ultraviolet light and X-rays. Brassart aggress. Perhaps it can be observed in the X-rays and gamma rays, but its something that needs to be more studied,he says. Supernova researcher Chris Fryer of the Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Almos, New Mexico, US, says the deaths of these stars are difficult to simulate, and he is not sure whether the researchers have proven their case they exploded in the process.
1. Something destructive could happen to a star that gets too close to a black hole. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A the black hole could tear apart the star C the black hole could dwindle its size considerably
2. According to the third paragraph, researchers differed from each other in the problem of
A No nuclear explosion would be triggered inside the star
B whether the stars would increase its density and temperature
C. Much of the stars matter thrown by the explosion would be beyond the black holes reach
D whether the uneven forces would flatten the stars
3. According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?
A No nuclear explosion would be triggered inside the star
B The star would be destroyed completely
C. Much of the star’s matter thrown by the explosion would be beyond the black hole’s reach
D. The black hole would completely devour the star
4. What will happen several months after the explosion of the star?
A The star’s matter will move further away from by the black hole
B the black hole’s matter will heat up
C the black hole’s matter will swirl into the black hole
D the black hole’s matter will release ultraviolet light and X-rays
5. According to the context, the word “disruption” in paragraph 6 means
A confusion
B tearing apart
C interruption
D flattening
答案與解析：
1. 分析文章標題：Black holes(黑洞) lead(導致) stars(恒星) to self-destruct (自我毀滅)(Black holes trigger(引發(fā)， 引起) stars self-destruction )
2. 直接解題：
1. Something destructive(破壞性的) could happen to (發(fā)生在...(的身上))a star that gets too(太) close to (接近)a black hole. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned(提到) in the passage?
A the black hole could tear apart (撕裂)the star
B the black hole could trigger a nuclear explosion (核爆炸)in the star
C the black hole could dwindle (使縮小)its size (大小，面積)considerably(相當大地)
D the black hole could devour (吞滅， 毀滅)the star
1.C. 利用問題句及被選項中的細節(jié)信息詞(方框中的結(jié)構(gòu))作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案相關句：
Scientists(科學家) have long(長期地) understood(理解， 認為) that supermasvive(特大質(zhì)量的) black holes weighing(重) millions(數(shù)百萬) or billions(數(shù)億) of suns(太陽) can tear apart stars that come too close(與選項A內(nèi)容一致). The black hole’s gravity(重力) pulls (一直拉)harder(強烈地) on the neatest(最近的) part of the star, an imbalance(不平衡的力量) that pulls(拉裂) the star apart over a period(期間) of minutes or hours, once(一旦) it gets close(接近的.) enough(足夠).
Scientists say this uneven(不均勻的) pulling (拉力)is not the only hazard(危險) facing(面對) the star. The strain(拉力) of these unbalanced(不平衡的) forces(力量) can also trigger(引發(fā)) a nuclear explosion powerful(強大的) enough(足夠) to destroy(毀滅) the star from within(里面)(與選項B內(nèi)容一致). Matthieu Brassart and Jean-Pierre Luminet of the Observatoire of the Paris in Meudon, France, carried out computer simulations of the final moments of such an unfortunate star’s life, as it veered towards a supermassive black hole.
When the star gets Close enough, the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake shape. Some previous studies had suggested this flattening would increase the density and temperature inside the star enough to trigger intense nuclear reactions that would tear it apart. But other studies had suggested that the picture would he complicated by shock waves generated during the flattening process and that not nuclear explosion should occur.
The new simulations investigated the effects of shock waves in detail, and fund that even when their effects are included, the conditions favor a nuclear explosion. “There will be an explosion of the star. It will be completely destroyed,”Brassart says. Although the explosion obliterates the star, it saves some of the start’s matter from being devoured by the black hole. The explosion is power enough to hurl much of the star’s matter out of the black holes’s reach, he says.
The devouring (吞滅，毀滅)of stars by(被) black holes (與選項D內(nèi)容一致)may already have been observed, although at a much later stage. It is though that several months after the event that rips the star apart, its matter starts swirling into the hole itself. It heats up as it does so, releasing ultraviolet light and X-rays.
選項A， B和D均在文章中有相呼應得內(nèi)容， 因此答案是C。
2. According to (根據(jù))the third(第3) paragraph(段落), researchers (研究者)differed from (與...不同， 與...意見相左)each other (彼此)in the problem(問題) of
A whether(是否) nuclear reaction (核反應)would occur(發(fā)生)
B whether the stars would increase(增加) its density(密度) and temperature(溫度)
C whether shock waves (沖擊波)would occur
D whether the uneven(不均勻的) forces(力量) would flatten(使變平， 夷平) the stars
2.A. 利用問題句及被選項中的細節(jié)信息詞(方框中的結(jié)構(gòu))作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案相關句：
(第3段)When the star gets close enough, the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake shape. Some(一些) previous(以前的) studies(研究) had suggested(表明) this flattening(夷平) would increase(增加) the density(密度) and temperature(溫度) inside(在...里面) the star enough(足夠) to trigger(引發(fā)) intense(強烈的) nuclear reactions (核反應)that would tear it apart. But (考點提示詞)other(其他的) studies(research的近義詞) had suggested(表明) that the picture(圖片，照片) would be complicated(復雜的) by shock waves (沖擊波)generated(產(chǎn)生) during(在...期間) the flattening(夷平) process (過程)and that no nuclear explosion (核爆炸/與“核反應”詞義相關)should occur(發(fā)生)(該句內(nèi)容暗示可能選項A是答案).
該段中的第2句和第3句直接與問題相關， 這兩種研究的焦點在于是否會引發(fā)核爆炸， 因此A是答案。
3. According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?
A No nuclear explosion would be triggered inside(在...里面) the star
B The star would be destroyed(毀滅) completely(完全地)
C. Much of the star’s matter(物質(zhì)) thrown(扔) by the explosion (爆炸)would be beyond(超過) the black hole’s reach(范圍)
D. The black hole would completely(完全地) devour(吞沒) the star
3.D.利用問題句及被選項中的細節(jié)信息詞(方框中的結(jié)構(gòu))作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案相關句：
The new simulations investigated the effects of shock waves in detail, and fund that even when their effects are included, the conditions favor a nuclear explosion. “There will be an explosion of the star. It will be completely destroyed,”Brassart says. Although(盡管) the explosion(爆炸) obliterates(除去， 毀滅) the star, it saves(挽救) some of the star’s matter(物質(zhì)) from(防止) being devoured (吞滅)by the black hole(該句內(nèi)容與D不一致). The explosion (爆炸) is powerful(強大的) enough(足夠) to hurl(扔/throw的近義詞) much of the star’s matter out of the black hole’s reach, he says.(該句內(nèi)容與選項C內(nèi)容一致)
選項D的說法與文章中相關內(nèi)容(該段倒數(shù)第2句)不一致。
4. What will happen(發(fā)生) several(幾個) months(月) after(在..之后) the explosion(爆炸) of the star?
A The star’s matter will move further(更遠地) away from (遠離)by the black hole
B the black hole’s matter will heat up(加熱)
C the black hole’s matter will swirl into (旋轉(zhuǎn)進入)the black hole
D the black hole’s matter will release(釋放) ultraviolet(紫外線的) light(光) and X-rays(X 光)
4.C. 利用問題句及被選項中的細節(jié)信息詞(方框中的結(jié)構(gòu))作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案相關句：
The new simulations investigated the effects of shock waves in detail, and fund that even when their effects are included, the conditions favor a nuclear explosion. “There will be an explosion of the star. It will be completely destroyed,”Brassart says.(第3題答案相關句) Although the explosion obliterates the star, it saves some of the start’s matter from being devoured by the black hole. The explosion is power enough to hurl much of the star’s matter out of the black holes’s reach, he says.
(第5段)The devouring of stars by black holes may already have been observed, although at a much later stage. It is thought(認為) that several months after the event(事件) that rips(撕) the star apart(分離)(問題句中時間狀語結(jié)構(gòu)的近義結(jié)構(gòu)) , its matter (物質(zhì))starts swirling into the hole itself. It heats up as it does so, releasing ultraviolet light and X-rays.
答案相關句在第5段， 根據(jù)該句中的用詞可直接判斷C是答案。
5. According to the context(上下文), the word “disruption(中斷，破壞)” in paragraph 6 means(意味著)
A confusion(混亂， 混淆)
B tearing apart(撕裂， 破壞)
C interruption(中斷)
D flattening(使變平)
5. B。 找到disruption在所在的語句， 其在句子中的搭配結(jié)構(gòu)是“...恒星”, 文章主題涉及恒星的毀滅， 因此B最可能是答案。
If stars disrupted near(在...附近) black holes really(真正地) do(的確) explode(爆炸), then they could in principle allow these events to be detected at a much earlier stage, says Jules Halpern of Columbia University in New York, US. “It may make it possible(可能的) to see the disruption of that star immediately(立刻) if(如果) it gets hot enough.”
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