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英語專八強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)語法精講
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�？嫉膹�(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)是it 引導(dǎo)的句子。
It is (was) 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。
此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分僅限于主語，賓語和狀語。
It is from the sun that we get light and heat.
It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.
典型例題
1) It was last night ___ I see the comet.
A. the time B. when C. that D. which
答案C. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)是： It +be +強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that (who) + 主謂句�！�(qiáng)調(diào)句的連詞只有兩個(gè)，that和who。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，且為句子的主語時(shí)，才用 "who"，其余用that。
原句： My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
強(qiáng)調(diào)主語： It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語： It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.
強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間： It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)
強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)： It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.
2)It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to Canada.
A. that B. when C. since D. as
答案C. 考點(diǎn)是連詞用法。 本題易誤選為A. that. 其實(shí)本句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。若是，去掉It be… that還應(yīng)是一個(gè)完整的句子。而本句去掉 'It is…that'，只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to Canada. 不成句。因此本句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。
It is /was +時(shí)間+ since… 其中is<---> has been was <---> had been.
結(jié)構(gòu)分析
強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中的it is (was)…that (who)…為使一個(gè)非強(qiáng)調(diào)句變成強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)詞，在通常情況下，去掉它，句子依然是成立的——這是判斷一個(gè)句子是否為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的重要標(biāo)志。如下面這個(gè)句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，因?yàn)槿サ鬷t was…that…后句子依然成立，且意思一致：
It was my mother who finally called the police. 最終報(bào)警的是我母親。
→My mother finally called the police. 最終報(bào)警的是我母親。
請(qǐng)看下面一句，空白處是填that還是其他的什么詞?
It was ten o'clock _______ he returned home.
此處不能填that，因?yàn)槿籼顃hat把它視為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，那么就可以去掉it was…that…而使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，意思不變，事實(shí)上并非如此，因?yàn)槲覀兪遣荒苷fTen o'clock he returned home的，除非改為At ten o'clock he returned home才是正確的。
比較下面兩句(第1句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，但第2句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句)：
It was ten o'clock when he returned home. 他回家的時(shí)候已是10點(diǎn)鐘了。
It was at ten o'clock that he returned home. 他是10點(diǎn)鐘回家的。
二、時(shí)態(tài)一致問題
一般說來，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)it be…that…中的be的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與句子時(shí)態(tài)一致，即同時(shí)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，或同時(shí)用過去時(shí)，有時(shí)也可能用將來時(shí)。如：
It is not I who am angry. 發(fā)怒的不是我。(同時(shí)用現(xiàn)在時(shí))
It was my two sisters who knew her best. 是我的兩個(gè)姐妹最了解她。(同時(shí)用過去時(shí))
It will not be you who will have to take the blame for this. 對(duì)此須受責(zé)難的將不是你。(同時(shí)用將來時(shí))
但有時(shí)也可以不一致，這主要見于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)用it is…that…(即用的是現(xiàn)在時(shí))，而句子用的是過去時(shí)。如：
It is Miss Williams who enjoyed reading novels as a pastime. 是威廉姆斯小姐以讀小說來消遣。
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