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考研英語翻譯沖刺掌階段的轉(zhuǎn)換技巧
在考研英語翻譯中,英譯漢時(shí)常常有必要改變表達(dá)方式,使譯文通順流暢、地道可讀,這種變通技巧就是轉(zhuǎn)換法。小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備了考研英語翻譯沖刺掌階段的轉(zhuǎn)換秘訣,歡迎大家前來閱讀。
考研英語翻譯沖刺掌握五種轉(zhuǎn)換技巧
一、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換
詞類轉(zhuǎn)換是指英語中的某一詞類譯成漢語時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)換成另一詞類。
(一)英語名詞、介詞、形容詞或副詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語動詞
(1) The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man.因此,對于一個(gè)從事社會活動的人來講,培養(yǎng)一種愛好和新的情趣方式,乃是至關(guān)重要的對策。
(2) The Red Army Men marched on bravely against the piercing wind.紅軍冒著刺骨的寒風(fēng)英勇前進(jìn)。
(3) All were unconscious that this experience was a test of character; and, when the first excitement was over, felt that they had done well, and deserved praise.大家都沒有認(rèn)識到這番經(jīng)驗(yàn)卻是一次個(gè)性的考驗(yàn),最初的興奮過去以后,又覺得自己已經(jīng)干得不錯了,理應(yīng)受到贊揚(yáng)。
(4) He appeared at her side, breathing audibly, a moment after she reached the stop. She gazed ahead, rigid.她到車站不一會兒,他便出現(xiàn)在她的身旁,聽見他喘息的聲音。她凝視著前方,表情嚴(yán)峻。
(5) Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential.然而,對所有這兩種類型的人來說,變換一下看法、改變一下環(huán)境和轉(zhuǎn)換一下注意力都是最基本的需要。
(6) …and it was on the first stage of this journey, in Kenya, that she received the news of her father's death and her own accession to the throne. ……就在此行的第一站肯尼亞,她接到了父親去世并由她本人繼承王位的消息。
(二)英語動詞、副詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語名詞、形容詞
(1) The inflammation is characterized by red, swelling, fever, and pain.炎癥的特點(diǎn)是紅、腫、熱、痛。
(2) The visiting guests were escorted to the Yellow Crane Tower last Sunday.上星期天,來訪的客人和陪同人員一起參觀了黃鶴樓。
(3) Our government shows great concern for the Chinese residents abroad.我國政府十分關(guān)心海外華僑。
(4) Formality has always characterized their relationship.他們之間的關(guān)系,有一個(gè)特點(diǎn),就是以禮相待。
(5) Most US spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth's atmosphere after completing their missions.美國絕大多數(shù)間諜衛(wèi)星,按其設(shè)計(jì),是在完成使命后,在大氣層中焚毀。
(三)英語名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語形容詞、副詞
(1) He added: "I understand and respect those views, but I deeply believe in the correctness of my decision." 他還說:"我理解并尊重他們的看法,但我深信我的決定是正確的。"
(2) They came back game and glee.他們興高采烈地回來了。
二、句子成分轉(zhuǎn)換
句子成分轉(zhuǎn)換是指英語中的某一句子成分譯成漢語時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種句子成分。句子成分轉(zhuǎn)換在主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語和補(bǔ)語之間展開。例如:
(1) You can always tell the somebodies from the nobodies at a cocktail party. The somebodies come late.在雞尾酒會上人們常?梢钥闯龃笕宋锖蜔o名小卒來。那些遲到的就是大人物。(主語轉(zhuǎn)換為表語;謂語轉(zhuǎn)換為主語)
(2) With the fear of largely imaginary plots against his leadership, his self-confidence seemed totally to desert him.由于害怕有人陰謀推翻他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo),他似乎完全喪失了自信。但所謂的陰謀在很大程度上是他自己假想出來的。(主語轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語,賓語轉(zhuǎn)換為主語)
(3) Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable.他們樂觀、能干、熱情,總是想方設(shè)法使你一路上順利舒適。(狀語轉(zhuǎn)換為謂語)
(4) Her presence of mind had not completely deserted her; but she could not have trusted herself to speak.她還沒有完全失去鎮(zhèn)靜,一時(shí)卻又找不出話可說。(主語轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語,賓語轉(zhuǎn)換為主語)
(5) This is the unexpected kind of remark that makes me like the colonel; there is a touch of rough poetry about him.正是這種出人意料的言論使我喜歡上了上校。他這個(gè)人還有那么點(diǎn)詩意呢。(主語轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語;介詞賓語轉(zhuǎn)換為主語)
三、表達(dá)方式轉(zhuǎn)換
英漢兩種語言在表達(dá)方式上往往因角度不同而異。要克服這些差異,翻譯時(shí)也就常有必要把一種表達(dá)方式轉(zhuǎn)換為另一種表達(dá)方式,使譯文符合漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣。
(一)英語中有一些計(jì)量詞,如score, dozen, decade, quarter等,在漢語中沒有相應(yīng)的表達(dá)方式,所以在漢譯時(shí)得對其加以轉(zhuǎn)換。例如:
(1) Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand, signed the Emancipation Proclamation.
100年以前,一位偉大的美國人簽署了解放宣言,我們現(xiàn)在就站在他象征性的庇蔭中。
(2) A dozen and a half aeroplanes poured out into the airport during that five minutes.
那5分鐘內(nèi),有18架飛機(jī)涌進(jìn)了機(jī)場。
(3) Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation.
87年前,我們的先輩在這個(gè)大陸上創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)新的國家。
(4) They had a dozen children, six boys and six girls, in seventeen years.
在17年中,他們生了12個(gè)孩子,6男6女。
(二)由于英漢兩種語言在表述角度上不盡相同,翻譯時(shí)常常有必要轉(zhuǎn)換角度,才能使意思明白清楚、表達(dá)自然。例如:
(1) She has been a widow only for six months.
她丈夫死了至今才不過半年。
(原文是從妻子的角度加以陳述的,而譯文是從丈夫的角度加以陳述的。如果不改變表達(dá)方式,而搬用原來的表達(dá)方式,那譯文就是:"她只當(dāng)了6個(gè)月的寡婦。"這就會給人以錯覺:她很快就改嫁了。)
(2)──Is there a special rate by the month?
──Yes, there is a 10% discount.
──按月計(jì)算有什么優(yōu)惠嗎?
──有,可以打9折。
四、自然語序與倒裝語序轉(zhuǎn)換
句子的自然語序是主語在前,謂語在后。倒裝語序主要是指主謂倒裝。英語中使用倒裝語序,主要是為了加強(qiáng)語氣、突出重點(diǎn)、平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)等;而漢語中使用倒裝語序相對較少,所以英譯漢時(shí),常常得將倒裝語序轉(zhuǎn)換為自然語序。例如:
(1) Away ran the boy.男孩跑開了。
(2) Slowly climbs the summer moon.夏天的月亮慢慢地爬上來了。
五、正面表達(dá)與反面表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)換
由于思維方式的不同,英語中有些從正面表達(dá)的東西在漢語中習(xí)慣從反面來表達(dá);而有些從反面來表達(dá)的東西在漢語中則習(xí)慣從正面來表達(dá)。因此,英譯漢時(shí)常常有必要進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。這就是通常所說的"正說反譯、反說正譯"法。英語正面表達(dá)這里指的是不帶否定詞no, not , never否定前綴non-, in-, im-, ir-, dis-和否定后綴-less等的句子,漢語正面表達(dá)則是指不帶"不"、"沒"、"非"、"未"、 "否"、 "無"、 "莫"、"勿"、"別"等否定詞語的句子;反之則是反面表達(dá)。
(一)英語正面表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語反面表達(dá)
frost-free refrigerator無霜冰箱
Freeze!別動!
Wet paint!油漆未干!
mortally ill 不治之癥
(1) The proposal was carried by a very narrow margin.這項(xiàng)建議差點(diǎn)通不過。
(2)We believe that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust.我們相信,年輕一代將不會辜負(fù)我們的信任。
(3) He went to an outdoor phone booth and dialed Chicago, then New York, then San Francisco.Silence. Silence. Silence.他到一個(gè)戶外公用電話亭,先給芝加哥、又給紐約、舊金山打了電話。
(4) As a place to live, it left much to be desired. As a secret training base for a revolutionary new plane, it was an excellent site, its remoteness effectively masking its activity.作為居住的地方,這里有許多不足之處,但作為改革性的新飛機(jī)秘密訓(xùn)練基地,卻是非常理想的。因?yàn)樗靥庍呞铮藗儾灰装l(fā)覺其中的活動。
(5) The pictures that linger in his mind, called up in a moment by such sensations as the smell of roses or of new-mown hay, are of a simpler nature.然而,縈繞心頭的畫面,那些一經(jīng)嗅到玫瑰花香或新鮮干草的氣息便會倏地闖入記憶的情景,其實(shí)并不復(fù)雜。
(6) As he sipped his coffee, he opened a still damp morning paper; and began reading.他一面喝咖啡,一面翻開油墨未干的晨報(bào),看了起來。
(7) Father's attitude toward anybody who wasn't his kind used to puzzle me.以前我總不懂父親為什么對那些脾氣跟他不一樣的人采取那么個(gè)態(tài)度。
(8) Sadly, Edward died before he could see the new church, but his beautiful tomb is still there, with the tombs of the Kings and Queens of England who came after him.遺憾的是,愛德華未能看見新教堂就去世了,但是他那幽雅的墳?zāi)购退煤蟮挠鴩鹾屯鹾蟮膲災(zāi)惯都留在那里。
(二)英語反面表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語正面表達(dá)
(1) You can't be too careful.你要特別小心。
(2) The significance of these incidents wasn't lost on us.這些事件引起了我們的重視。
(3) Such flights couldn't long escape notice.這類飛行遲早會被人發(fā)覺的。
(4) The human system can hold out for a while against the gas from a leaking,damped-down coal stove, but soon after unconsciousness comes death.煤氣若是從封上火的煤爐漏出,人體可以忍受一些時(shí)候,但人昏迷之后,不用很久就會死亡。
(5) But there is another story, a family saga, that may turn out to be important to unlocking the mystery of what actually happened between Lewinsky and the President.但是,萊溫斯基和總統(tǒng)之間究竟發(fā)生了什么事,另外一個(gè)故事,即家史,最終對解開這個(gè)謎十分重要。
(6) Maintaining credibility requires confronting potential adversaries with the objective,unambiguous facts of our counter-balancing military capabilities, our political strengths and economic advantages, and our clear resolution to use these for our defense if necessary.保持這種可靠性需要以下客觀的、明確的事實(shí)來對付潛在的對手:我們達(dá)到平衡的軍事能力、我們的政治實(shí)力和經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢以及我們必要時(shí)使用這些手段進(jìn)行自衛(wèi)的毫不含糊的決心。
考研英語作文:必備19個(gè)經(jīng)典話題素材
▲正直誠實(shí)
好處:
1、enable honest person to succeed in work and life. (獲得成功)
2、to work honestly to attain one’s life goal. (實(shí)現(xiàn)人生目標(biāo))
3、to enhance reputation of a country.
▲堅(jiān)持:(成功)
1、No accomplishment can be achieved in a short time, and success needs efforts.
2、Success is founded on the basis of patient pursuit +定語從句
Olympic game
好處:
1、it can be a tremendous momentum pushing the country’s development
2、When equipped with willingness, spurring people to overcome any difficulty and conquer any challenge.
▲獻(xiàn)愛心
好處、意義:
1、Contributing money and other necessities to people in need is a goal way to express human love. It reflects the sense of social responsibility.
2、It also expresses a feeling from deep with one’s heart.
▲人生價(jià)值
該類別主要包括:創(chuàng)新、 勇氣、 奮斗、 勤儉 、高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚、 奉獻(xiàn)、 浪費(fèi)、 社會公德 、幸福觀 、勇敢 、得與失、 正直誠實(shí)、 持之以恒 、拼搏的奧運(yùn)精神 、讀書。
1、To be fair and upright; honest person;
2、economical and simple life; to learn to be frugal;
3、success derives from persistence; Olympic motto, read more books
▲情感友誼、團(tuán)隊(duì)合作、讓座 鄰里、獻(xiàn)愛心
1、show love; provide assistance to others; teamwork and cooperation; selflessly offering help
2、contributing money and other necessities to people who are in great need
Eager to donate money to charity
▲交流文化
該類別主要包括:中西方文化、 民族文化、 老外過春節(jié) 、老外學(xué)書法、 學(xué)英語、 城市發(fā)展與歷史傳承。
1、a balanced economic development is not necessarily accompanied by the sacrifice of history.
2、participating in the annual celebration of the Chinese spring festival
3、practicing Chinese calligraphy (書法)
4、cultural exchanges; acquire better understanding of each other;the traditional Chinese culture.
5、pass down culture habit and treasure; absorb and assimilate traditional culture; reserve and spread brilliant diverse culture; be under the threat of extinction; be in great danger
好處:
1、cultural exchanges can enhance international friendship.
2、people can acquire better understanding of each other.
3、can also greatly benefit the countries and stimulate their own social development and culture prosperity.
▲教育
1、in my opinions, there needs to be a comprehensive renovation in the educational system in which new educational concepts are introduced.
2、only by new teaching methods can we cultivate children into talents and elites who will meet the requirements of our society.
▲繁榮、人口問題、解決問題
1、thrive/boom/flourish/blossom
2、the awareness of struggling for one’s life is essential to the young man
3、parents indulge children in consumption with an objective outlook on money
▲身體健康、鍛煉、心理問題、減肥
1、 to develop good health
2、 to keep regular exercise
3、 to make more contributions to the society
4、 to make do with bad diet
5、 to neglect sports and exercise
▲職業(yè)道德及素質(zhì)類
該類別主要包括:虛假宣傳、假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品、排隊(duì)、鼓掌、文明言行、文明交通、謙虛、寬容、醫(yī)患矛盾、藥品回扣誠信、豆腐渣、家庭作坊衛(wèi)生、跳槽與商業(yè)機(jī)密。
1、the sanitation problem of family workshops
2、the promise of one’s own responsibility is like a method of cheating, and is quit against professional morals(職業(yè)道德)
3、low-quality products
4、the ignorance of sanitation
5、short of occupational disciplines
6、the false commercial advertising and promotion
▲家庭關(guān)系
該類別主要包括:家庭關(guān)系、 養(yǎng)老、 啃老。
Young people are used to relying financially on their families
▲交通事故
Traffic accidents have long been a problem and are becoming a severe problem
原因:
1、many drivers are forced to drive days and nights
2、a lot of people drive after drinking alcohol
▲城市發(fā)展與歷史傳承
1、a balanced economic development is not accompanied by sacrifice of history.
2、historical sites are the treasure of our country’s glorious past. We must figure out a win-win method to promote sustainable development while retaining our cultural heritage.
▲工作就業(yè)前途
該類別主要包括:高薪、 加班、技能、學(xué)歷、自立自強(qiáng)、創(chuàng)業(yè)。
1、to display talent and capability;
2、to be of real service to fellowmen and the country;
3、to feel guilty in front of parents and family supporters;
4、to encounter discrimination on the basis of sex or height or even birthplace;
5、to despise jobs of lower social status and less income;
6、to avoid the possibility of working in the rural areas
7、to find (search\hunt) the right career;
▲環(huán)境保護(hù)、動植物保護(hù)
該類別主要包括:保護(hù)森林、水污染、汽車尾氣、沙塵暴、溫室效應(yīng)、節(jié)約資源、垃圾污染。
1、the exhaustion of resources;
2、pollution from industrial production transform many clean rivers into undrinkable water.
3、the convenience brought by cars, their harmful impact on the atmosphere.
4、garbage output, such as plastics and glass.
5、deforestation Global warming, current greenhouse effect remains out of control
6、human exploitation of natural resources
▲“問題”學(xué)生
該類別主要包括:教育、上網(wǎng)成癮、上網(wǎng)交友、青少年犯罪、 個(gè)人隱私、出國留學(xué)、 知識學(xué)術(shù)欺詐、 望子成龍, 拔苗助長、 應(yīng)試教育素質(zhì)教育 、考試作弊 、相互攀比、 名牌、 浪費(fèi)、 課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)、 戀愛 、兼職 、占座、 8090后 、富二代、 校園旅游 、教育平等 、獨(dú)生子女、 農(nóng)民工子女、 創(chuàng)新 、迷信、 溺愛(spoiled)。
1、To concentrate limited resources on creative talents, or elite;
2、Enable students to possess better job skill;
3、prepare students for future employment;
4、to enhance the quality of population;
5、to promote scientific and technological level;
6、 to prepare one for a better and more meaningful life rather than a job;
7、one-child policy
8、migrant workers(農(nóng)民工);
9、impartial education opportunities
10、overwhelming homework;
11、quality education(素質(zhì)教育)
12、a comprehensive renovation
▲人口增長、 人口質(zhì)量、養(yǎng)老與老齡化、 性別比例
1、population aging; outdated and abandoned; to improve the living condition of the aging population ; to respect and appreciate the aged; to provide safety and happiness
2、the number of males outweighs that of females;the population growth is almost out of control, the humans to live is increasingly circumscribed.
▲社會熱點(diǎn)
該類別主要包括: 創(chuàng)建和諧社會、 學(xué)術(shù)造假 、可持續(xù)發(fā)展、 抗?fàn)幘葹?zāi)眾志成城、 交通旅游 、國際化、 堵車 、寵物、 農(nóng)業(yè) 、酒后/疲勞駕車 、黃金周旅游。
1、traffic jams(堵車);the successful launch of the shenzhou-6 spaceship, our national strength and scientific competency.
2、traffic accidents; drive days and night with little rest; drive after drinking alcohol
3、to keep domestic animals; to make family life more colorful and rich; to develop sense of responsibility and caring;
4、to make people feel closer to the natural world; to spread disease and pollute living environment; to waste time and money; to scare and hurt people, kid and the aged alike
▲法律等
該類別主要包括:合法致富、 經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、 科技發(fā)展、 網(wǎng)絡(luò)、 電子交通、 傳媒、 動車。
1、get rich by legal means; be entitled to wealth and prosperity; stimulate people into hard working; reduce the gap;
2、help the poor with better opportunities; make big money illegally; make this society insecure
網(wǎng)絡(luò)好處:1、share individual viewpoints and insights; enable better and more efficient interpersonal communication;
2、enjoy equal right t personal opinion; 網(wǎng)絡(luò)壞處:1、reveal and spread rumors; occupy and waste net space; follow trend and fashion; ( help distinguish between right and wrong;
2、offer proper guidance; check and restrict unhealthy content; create a clean and safe environment; mislead children by indecent content.
考研英語詞匯考查的四個(gè)要點(diǎn)
《全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語考試大綱》明確規(guī)定:除掌握詞匯的基本含義外,考生還應(yīng)掌握詞匯之間的詞義關(guān)系,如同義詞、近義詞、反義詞等;掌握詞匯之間的搭配關(guān)系,如動詞與介詞、形容詞與介詞、形容詞與名詞等;掌握詞匯生成的基本知識,如詞源、詞根、詞綴等。
那么,考試大綱的這些要求究竟指的是什么呢?考研英語對于詞匯的要求有四個(gè)維度:
1.基本含義,即單詞的基本詞典釋義;
2.詞義關(guān)系,指的是單詞的同義詞、近義詞以及反義詞等,這里就要求我們考生在平時(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)中要注意同類單詞的歸納總結(jié),因?yàn)樵谟⒄Z知識應(yīng)用以及閱讀理解中,會經(jīng)?疾樵~義辨析;
3.搭配關(guān)系,指的是動詞與介詞、形容詞與介詞、形容詞與名詞等的搭配規(guī)則,這一點(diǎn)的會在英語知識應(yīng)用、閱讀理解、翻譯以及作文中考查,所以同學(xué)們一定要注重對于固定搭配的積累;
4.詞匯生成的基本知識,這是這四項(xiàng)中最"高端的"一點(diǎn)。
可能這一點(diǎn)對很很多同學(xué)來說有點(diǎn)陌生,我們在這里就詳細(xì)的解釋一下:雖然英語屬于印歐語系漢語屬于漢藏語系,但是這兩種古老的語言還是有很多相同之處:構(gòu)詞法。
中文當(dāng)中有偏旁部首;類似,英語有詞根詞綴。一個(gè)單詞是由前綴,詞根以及后綴這三要素構(gòu)成的。并且26個(gè)英語字母以及很多英語單詞都是有一定的來源的。
英語這種語言也并不是生來就有的,它也是逐步演變發(fā)展過來的。英語的起源可以追溯至公元前3000年左右古埃及人使用象形文字,后來腓尼基人以埃及象形文字為基礎(chǔ),創(chuàng)造了腓尼基語的字母表。
公元前1000年左右,古希臘人又以腓尼基語的字母表創(chuàng)造了從左至右書寫的24個(gè)字母的字母表。Alphabet的詞源即為希臘語的alpha(a)beta(B)。羅馬字字母表后來給現(xiàn)在的英語字母添加了讀音。所以我們現(xiàn)在見到的很多英語單詞、詞根詞綴都是由希臘語、拉丁語演變過來的。
考試大綱中的這第四個(gè)維度對我們考生提出了更高的要求。它要求我們考生不僅要了解單詞的釋義、用法,還要了解單詞的來源和詞根詞綴,不僅要知其然,還要知其所以然。
針對考試大綱中的這點(diǎn)要求,我們可以利用詞根詞綴法來記憶單詞,比如,詞根sent的意思是:感覺,由該詞根構(gòu)成的一些詞,如assent:同意[v/n]。[as-(前綴:加強(qiáng),一再)];dissent:不同意[dis-(前綴:否定)];resent:反感,厭惡[re-(前綴:反)]。
只要同學(xué)們掌握了常用的116個(gè)前綴后綴以及一定量的詞根,那么就能把繁瑣的詞匯學(xué)習(xí)簡單化,提高詞匯學(xué)習(xí)的效率,在短期內(nèi)快速的記住大量的單詞。所以詞根詞綴記憶法決定是我們考研英語單詞復(fù)習(xí)的不二選擇。
所以我們在復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)候,一定要從單詞的基本詞義,它的同義、近義詞和反義詞,以及它的固定搭配和詞根詞綴這些方面入手。
考研英語大綱的詞匯表自2005年起取消了單詞的中文釋義,大大加大了對單詞的考查力度和難度。比如absorb這個(gè)單詞,2004年的包含中文釋義的.考研英語大綱是這么規(guī)定的:absorbv。吸收;吸收,使專心;beabsorbedin專心于。
那么2004年之前(包括2004年)的考研英語試卷中對于absorb這個(gè)單詞的考查也只局限在它的這幾個(gè)意思和用法中,而2005年的考研英語大綱取消了所有單詞的中文釋義,也就是說,自2005年起,考研英語大綱中只列出了光禿禿的5500個(gè)單詞,并未對其進(jìn)行任何的中文解釋說明和備注。
這意味著這5500個(gè)單詞的2005年考綱中單詞的這種變化對于這個(gè)考研英語來說意義深遠(yuǎn)。實(shí)際上,每個(gè)單詞的意義和用法都是多樣的,它包含的都不僅僅是我們經(jīng)常見到的那一兩層意思和用法,考試大綱中的這種調(diào)整就意味著大綱中所列的5500個(gè)單詞的任何一層釋義和任何一種用法都可能被考到了。
拿absorb這個(gè)單詞來說,它的意思有:"吸收;吸引;理解;專心于;承擔(dān),承受"。我們平時(shí)熟知的absorb是"吸收;吸引;理解;專心于",此外還應(yīng)該掌握它的"承擔(dān),承受"的意思,因?yàn)檎骖}中便是這樣考查的:
、貾eopleareabsorbedinto"acultureofconsumption"launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered"vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere。(2006年TEXT1)
人們沉迷于由19世紀(jì)百貨商店所創(chuàng)造的"消費(fèi)文化"中,這類商店"在一種優(yōu)雅的環(huán)境中供應(yīng)琳瑯滿目的商品"。
此處考察的是短語beabsorbedinto:吸引,使全神貫注
、贒uringthesameperiod,familieshavebeenaskedtoabsorbmuchmoreriskintheirretirementincome。(2007年TEXT3)與此同時(shí),家庭成員的退休收入也要承擔(dān)更多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
此處考察的absorb的意思是:v。承擔(dān),承受
、跾harpeningjudgmentbyabsorbingandreflectingonlawisadesirablecomponentofajournalist'sintellectualpreparationforhisorhercareer。(2007年P(guān)artCTranslation)
通過學(xué)習(xí)與思考法律來提高判斷力是記者為其職業(yè)生涯進(jìn)行知識儲備時(shí)應(yīng)有的組成部分。
此處考察的absorb的意思是:v。理解,學(xué)習(xí)
通過上述例子,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)2005年之后的考試英語更側(cè)重對詞義深度的考查,尤其是那些我們平時(shí)所不熟知的詞義,我們把這些意思稱之為是"僻義"。所以我們在平時(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)中一定要加強(qiáng)對考研英語單詞"僻義"的重視程度。
綜上所述,同學(xué)們在平時(shí)的單詞復(fù)習(xí)中要以詞根詞綴法為總綱,復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)注重對單詞的基本詞義、近義詞及反義詞、以及固定搭配等。同時(shí)一定要注意對單詞的"僻義"的重視!
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