葉圣陶我坐了木船英譯賞析

　　抱著書(shū)生之見(jiàn)，我決定坐木船。木船比不上輪船，更比不上飛機(jī)，千真萬(wàn)確�？墒墙^對(duì)不用找關(guān)系，也無(wú)所謂黑票。下面是小編分享的散文《我坐了木船》賞析，歡迎閱讀!

　　我坐了木船

　　I Took a Wooden Boat

　　葉圣陶

　　Ye Shengtao

　　從重慶到漢口，我坐了木船。

　　木船危險(xiǎn)，當(dāng)然知道。一路上數(shù)不清的灘，礁石隨處都是，要出事，隨時(shí)可以出。還有盜匪——實(shí)在是最可憐的同胞，他們種地沒(méi)得吃，有力氣沒(méi)處出賣，當(dāng)了兵經(jīng)常餓肚皮，無(wú)可奈何只好出此下策。——假如遇見(jiàn)了，把鋪蓋或者身上衣服帶下去，也是異常難處的事兒。

　　I took a wooden boat from Chongqing to Hankou.

　　Of course I know it is risky to travel by wooden boat. With countless shoals and reefs to negotiate, accidents may happen any time. To complicate matters, there are bandits lurking around-those pitiful fellow countrymen who, unable to ward off starvation by farming or soldiering or whatnot, have been reduced to the disreputable business as a last resort. I'll be in a real fix if they should rob me of, say, my bedding or clothes.

　　要點(diǎn)：

　　1，“一路上數(shù)不清的灘，礁石隨處都是，要出事，隨時(shí)可以出。”此句乍看沒(méi)有主語(yǔ)，隱藏主語(yǔ)為“意外事件”，因此譯為With countless shoals and reefs to negotiate, accidents may happen any time. with句交代背景~

　　2，“種地沒(méi)得吃，有力氣沒(méi)處出賣，當(dāng)了兵經(jīng)常餓肚皮”是指這些人不管干什么都免不了挨餓，譯為unable to ward off(避開(kāi)，防止) starvation by farming or soldiering or whatnot(等等)

　　3，“無(wú)可奈何只好出此下策”譯為have been reduced to the disreputable business as a last resort.其中，disreputable business(不體面的行為)指“下策”，reduced to意為“被逼從事…”(之前我們?cè)凇侗秤啊分幸惨?jiàn)到過(guò)be in reduced circumstances這個(gè)表述，意為“光景慘淡”),as a last resort 意為“作為最后一招”。

　　4，be in a real fix 意為“陷入困境”或“尷尬”~多讀大師的翻譯我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，高境界的譯文很大程度上是靠這些不常見(jiàn)的小詞撐起來(lái)的~

　　但是，回轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)想，從前沒(méi)有輪船，沒(méi)有飛機(jī)，歷來(lái)走川江的人都坐木船。就是如今，上上下下的還有許多人在那里坐木船，如果統(tǒng)計(jì)起來(lái)，人數(shù)該比坐輪船坐飛機(jī)的多。

　　Now, on reflection, I realize that in the days before steamers and aircraft came into use, people used to travel by wooden boat up and down the Sichuan section of the Yangtze River. Even today, many continue to do so, and statistic will invariably show a higher percentage of people travelling by wooden boat than by steamer or aircraft.

　　要點(diǎn)：

　　1，“回轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)想”譯為on reflection(反思，回想)

　　2,看到up and down許多童鞋會(huì)下意識(shí)地反應(yīng)為“上上下下”，其實(shí)它也有“來(lái)來(lái)往往”之意

　　3，“在那里坐木船”譯為中的“那里”一定要講明是川江，即the Sichuan section(地區(qū)地段) of the Yangtze River，之前《背影》中的“那年冬天”也譯為“In the winter of more than two years ago”，隨時(shí)都要有身為一個(gè)譯者的自覺(jué)~

　　4，statistic will invariably show=“據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)”，新說(shuō)法~換掉你的according!

　　5,“(數(shù)量)比…多”=“(比率)比…高”，譯為a higher percentage (of)…than…，又是一個(gè)新表述，如According to the table above , compared with volleyball, basketball has a higher percentage.

　　(與排球相比，籃球的比例更大)

　　人家可以坐，我就不能坐嗎?我又不比人家高貴。至于危險(xiǎn)，不考慮也罷。輪船飛機(jī)就不危險(xiǎn)嗎?安步當(dāng)車似乎最穩(wěn)妥了，可是人家屋檐邊也可以掉下一張瓦片來(lái)。要絕對(duì)避免危險(xiǎn)就莫要做人。

　　Why shouldn't I do the same? Why should I think it beneath myself to travel by wooden boat? As for safety, is it less dangerous to travel by steamer or aircraft? Going on foot seems to be the best choice, but a tile falling off the eaves of somebody's house might prove equally disastrous to foot passengers. Enjoying absolute safety is humanly impossible.

　　1，“人家可以坐，我就不能坐嗎?”是一個(gè)反問(wèn)句，根據(jù)意思譯為Why shouldn't I do the same?

　　2，“輪船飛機(jī)就不危險(xiǎn)嗎?”是另一個(gè)反問(wèn)句，譯為is it less dangerous to travel by steamer or aircraft?它的意思等同于Isn’ it dangerous to travel by streamer or aircraft?

　　3，“要絕對(duì)避免危險(xiǎn)就莫要做人”譯為Enjoying absolute safety is humanly impossible. humanly意為“從做人的角度看”，我等平民一定會(huì)將這句話當(dāng)做一個(gè)條件句來(lái)處理，然而譯者轉(zhuǎn)換說(shuō)法，讓這句話譯得很妙，嬸嬸地感受到了自己和大師的差距~

　　要坐輪船坐飛機(jī)，自然也有辦法。只要往各方去請(qǐng)托，找關(guān)系，或者干脆買張黑票。先說(shuō)黑票，且不談付出超過(guò)定額的錢，力有不及，心有不甘，單單一個(gè)“黑”字，就叫你不愿領(lǐng)教。

　　It stands to reason that I can go by steamer or aircraft if I care to. I can simply go around fishing for help or personal connections, or just buy a "black" ticket. But I'll have to pay more than the regular price for a "black" ticket, which I can ill afford and which I disdain to do. And the very word "black" generates in me a feeling of repulsion.

　　要點(diǎn)：

　　1，“自然也有辦法”譯為it stands to reason that…(自然)

　　2，“請(qǐng)托，找關(guān)系”譯為fish for help or personal connection,本文關(guān)于“請(qǐng)托”的表述很多，童鞋們注意積累

　　3，“且不談付出超過(guò)定額的錢，力有不及，心有不甘。”根據(jù)意思翻為But I'll have to pay more than the regular price for a "black" ticket, which I can ill afford and which I disdain to do.意為“我不得不付超過(guò)定額的錢，這些錢我付不起也不愿意付”。這種將三個(gè)分句融進(jìn)一個(gè)句子的手法值得學(xué)習(xí)。

　　4，Can ill afford 意為“難以提供”，如：I can ill afford it.

　　這我辦不到。(又是一個(gè)can’t 的進(jìn)階版~

　　5，四字短語(yǔ)，一般是根據(jù)意思翻譯的，文中“心有不甘”意即“不屑一顧”，譯為disdain to do。Disdain意為“蔑視，(￣_,￣ )不屑”常和for搭配，如：I have nothing but disdain for such a person.

　　對(duì)這種人我只是蔑視。

　　6，“the very word "black" generates in me a feeling of repulsion”中g(shù)enerate in sb a feeling of有木有很熟悉，之前在《艱難的國(guó)運(yùn)與雄健的國(guó)民》中這個(gè)表述也有出境哦~

　　7，very word 中的very 無(wú)實(shí)際意義，這哥們兒就是來(lái)加強(qiáng)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的，有時(shí)可以譯為“正是，恰恰”，如：Soft, is the very word for her eye.(柔媚正是描寫她眼神的字眼。)

　　“黑”字表示作弊，表示越出常軌。你買黑票，無(wú)異同作弊，贊助越出常軌。一個(gè)人既不能獨(dú)立轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)氣，也該在消極方面有所自守，邦同作弊，贊助越出常軌的事兒，總可以免了吧，——這自然是書(shū)生之見(jiàn)，不免通達(dá)的人一笑。

　　"Black" signified fraud or illegal practice. Buying a "black" ticket is as good as getting involved in a fraud or an illegal practice. If it is beyond one's capacity to single-handedly stem the prevailing social evils, one should at least be self-disciplined so as not to make matters worse. All this is undoubtedly the pedantic view of bookish person—a view which must sound ridiculous to all sensible gentlemen.

　　要點(diǎn)：

　　1， signify=表明，說(shuō)明;預(yù)示，表達(dá)~他的小伙伴還有： mean indicate show imply suggest denote(表示，偏重字面上) connote(意味著，暗示，偏重隱含義)

　　2， “無(wú)異同”=“無(wú)異于”譯為as good as

　　3， “不能夠做某事”=beyond one’s capacity to do, 此外還有“be in no position to do”等表述也可以表示“不能”，不要給我說(shuō)can’t不要跟我說(shuō)can’t~(還記得之前有個(gè)類似的can ill afford嗎,把它叫出來(lái)我們談?wù)?(～ o ～)~

　　4， single-handedly意為“單獨(dú)地，單槍匹馬地”

　　5， “風(fēng)氣”這個(gè)詞在翻譯時(shí)也很常見(jiàn)，可以根據(jù)語(yǔ)境譯為ethos，fashion, climate等詞，此處譯者將其譯為social evils,(社會(huì)弊病)

　　6， “書(shū)生之見(jiàn)”譯為the pedantic view of bookish person，其中pedantic=impractical,作“不現(xiàn)實(shí)的”解

　　7， “通達(dá)”即“明事理的”，譯作sensible

　　再說(shuō)請(qǐng)托找關(guān)系，聽(tīng)人家說(shuō)他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，簡(jiǎn)直與謀差使一樣的麻煩。在傳達(dá)室恭候，在會(huì)客室恭候，幸而見(jiàn)了那要見(jiàn)的人，他聽(tīng)說(shuō)你要設(shè)法買船票，或是飛機(jī)票，愛(ài)理不理的答復(fù)你說(shuō)，“困難呢……下個(gè)星期再來(lái)打聽(tīng)吧……”于是你覺(jué)得好像有一線希望，又好像毫無(wú)把握，只得挨到下星期再去。

　　Some people have told me from their own experience that soliciting help or speaking personal connections is something as difficult as hunting for a job. You may be kept cooling your heels in a janitor's office or a reception room before an interview is granted. Hearing that you are trying to get a steamer or air ticket, the much sought-after interview may reply in a cold and indifferent manner, "Ah, that's difficult...Come see me next week..." Thereupon you seem to see a ray of hope, and you may also feel totally uncertain of success. All you can do is wait until then.

　　要點(diǎn)：

　　1，注意“請(qǐng)托關(guān)系”又粗現(xiàn)啦，這次譯者用了soliciting help or speaking personal connections，其中solicit意為“征求，索求，請(qǐng)求…給與”如：We solicit a continuance of your confidence and support.

　　我們尋求你的持續(xù)信任和支持

　　2，“在傳達(dá)室恭候，在會(huì)客室恭候”譯為You may be kept cooling your heels in a janitor's office or a reception room before an interview is granted.其中cool your heels意為“長(zhǎng)等，空等”。

　　3, sought-after意為“吃香的，緊俏的，廣受歡迎的”如：There is no doubt that the Ford Mustang is one of the most highly sought after vehicles in automotive history.

　　毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，福特野馬是其中最高度追捧的車輛在汽車的歷史。

　　4，“愛(ài)理不理的”譯為in a cold and different manner

　　跑了不知多少趟，總算有眉目了，又得往這一處簽字，那一處蓋章，看種種的臉色，候種種的傳喚，為的是得一份充分的證據(jù)，可以去換張票子。

　　After making you don't know how many visits, there eventually appear signs of positive outcome. Then you have to go here and there to get a signature or a seal, meet with all sorts of cold reception and wait for all sorts of summonses—all for the purpose of obtaining a useful certificate to buy a ticket with.

　　要點(diǎn)：

　　1，“跑了不知多少趟，總算有眉目了”譯為After making you don't know how many visits, there eventually appear signs of positive outcome.

　　注意其中的you don’t know how是插入語(yǔ)，修飾many。

　　2，“眉目”即“積極的結(jié)果”=sign of positive outcome

　　2,“這一處簽字，那一處蓋章”=“跑東跑西地到處簽字蓋章”，譯為go here and there to get a signature or a seal~

　　3，“為的是”譯為all for the purpose of，其中for the purpose of意為“為了”，同義的還有with a view to, with the purpose of,關(guān)于目的的表述在翻譯中十分常見(jiàn)，童鞋們要注意積累不同表述，避免翻譯時(shí)千篇一律。

　　票子到手，身分可以改變了，什么機(jī)關(guān)的部屬，什么長(zhǎng)的秘書(shū)，什么人的本人或是父親，或者姓名仍舊，或者必須改名換姓，總之要與你自己暫時(shí)脫離關(guān)系。

　　Once with a ticket in hand, your status automatically changes. You can now call yourself the employee of certain government office or certain official's secretary. You can call yourself so-and-so or so-and-so's father. You can either keep your original name or have it changed. In short, you must temporarily break off relations with your old self.