考研英語閱讀理解文章翻譯

　　想要把考研英語考好，不在考場上心理崩潰，只有詳細研究真題和精讀外刊，否則絕大部分考生對文章的理解注定是只言片語和模糊不清的，而考研英語強調(diào)的是精細、精確地理解。下面是小編整理的2015考研英語閱讀理解真題及文章翻譯，一起來練習一下吧!

　　Not long after the telephone was invented, I assume, a call was placed. The caller was a parent saying, “your child is bullying my child, and I want it stopped!” The bully's parent replied, “you must have the wrong number. My child is a little angel.”

　　A trillion phone calls later, the conversation is the same. When children are teased or tyrannized, the parental impulse is to grab the phone and rant. But these days, as studies in the U.S. show bullying on the rise and parental supervision on the decline, researchers who study bullying say that calling moms and dads is more futile than ever. Such calls often lead to playground recriminations and don't really teach our kids any lessons about how to navigate the world and resolve conflicts.

　　When you call parents, you want them to “extract the cruelty” from their bullying children, says Laura Kavesh, a child psychologist in Evanston, Illinois. “But many parents are blown away by the idea of their child being cruel. They won?t believe it.” In a recent police?department survey in Oak Harbor, Washington, 89% of local high school students said they had engaged in bullying behavior. Yet only 18% of parents thought their children would act as bullies.

　　In a new U.S.PTA survey, 5% of parents support contacting other parents to deal with bullying. But many educators warn that those conversations can be misinterpreted, causing tempers to flare. Instead, they say, parents should get objective outsiders, like principals, to mediate.

　　Meanwhile, if you get a call from a parent who is angry about your child's bullying, listen without getting defensive. That's what Laura McHugh of Castro Valley, California, did when a caller told her that her then 13-year-old son had spit in another boy's food.Her son had confessed, but the victim's mom “wanted to make sure my son hadn't given her son a nasty disease,” says McHugh, who apologized and promised to get her son tested for AIDS and other diseases. She knew the chance of contracting any disease this way was remote, but her promise calmed the mother and showed McHugh's son that his bad behaviour was being taken seriously. McHugh, founder of Parents Coach Kids, a group that teaches parenting skills, sent the mom the test results. All were negative.

　　Remember: once you make a call, you might not like what you hear. If you have an itchy dialing finger, resist temptation. Put it in your pocket. [419 words]

　　1.The word “bullying” probably means______.

　　[A] frightening and hurting [B] teasing

　　[C] behaving like a tyrant [D] laughing at

　　2. Calling to a bully's parent.______.

　　[A]has long existed but changed its content [B]is often done with careful thinking

　　[C]often leads to blaming and misunderstanding [D]is used to warn the child not to do it again

　　3. According to the surveys in the U.S., _______.

　　[A] bullying among adults is also rising

　　[B] parents are not supervising their children well

　　[C] parents seldom believe bullies

　　[D] most parents resort to calling to deal with bullying

　　4. When bullying occurs, parents should_______.

　　[A] help the bulling child get rid of cruelty [B] resort to the mediator

　　[C] avoid getting too protective [D] resist the temptation of calling

　　5.Laura McHugh promised to get the bullied boy tested for diseases because________.

　　[A] her son confessed to being wrong [B] she was afraid to annoy the boy's parent

　　[C]he was likely to be affected by these diseases[D]she wanted to teach her own son a lesson

　　>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<

　　核心詞匯

　　blow away *① to completely surprise sb., to affect intensely; overwhelm使大為驚訝;強烈影響，征服 例：That concert blew me away.音樂會震撼了我。 ② to defeat sb. completely, esp. in a game (尤指在比賽中)徹底戰(zhàn)勝 例：Nancy blew away the rest of the skaters.南希戰(zhàn)勝了其他的滑冰運動員。

　　bully n. [C] 恃強凌弱者;流氓，暴徒

　　vt. ① to threaten to hurt or frighten sb. weaker 欺侮例：He was bullied by the older boys at school. 他在學校里受到大孩子的欺負。 ② to use your strength or power to make sb. do sht. 恐嚇, 脅迫 例： The manager tried to bully his men into working harder by threatening them with dismissal. 經(jīng)理企圖以解雇相威脅, 迫使職工更賣力氣。

　　Contract n..[C] 契約;合同

　　vi. to become smaller or narrower縮小;收縮 例：Metal contracts as it becomes cool. 金屬冷卻時收縮。

　　*vt. to begin to have an illness患(病) 例：He contracted pneumonia.他得了肺炎。

　　flare vi. (也作flare up)① to suddenly begin to burn, or to burn more brightly for a short time 突然燃燒起來;(短暫地)燒旺 例：The match flared in the darkness.火柴在黑暗中突然著了一小會兒。 *②(感情等)突然爆發(fā) 例：Violence has flared up again in the Middle East. 中東又突然爆發(fā)了暴力事件。 ③(疾病)突然加劇 例：My asthma tends to flare up on smoggy days. 在煙霧天我的氣喘往往會加劇。

　　n. [C] ① 閃光，瞬時的明亮火焰 ② 信號燈(彈)

　　resolve vt. * ① to find a satisfactory way of dealing with a problem or difficulty解決 例：There weren?t enough beds, but the matter was resolved by George sleeping on the sofa.床不夠用，但喬治睡到沙發(fā)上問題就解決了。 ② to make a definite decision to do sth.(某人)決心，決定 例：After the divorce she resolved never to marry again.離婚以后，她下決心永不再嫁。 ③(委員會、會議等通過投票)作出決議，表決 例：The Senate resolved to accept the President's budget proposals by 70 votes to 30.參議院以70票對30票通過決議，同意總統(tǒng)的預算草案。

　　vi. 下決心，決定 例：He resolved on/against (making) an early start. 他決定(不)早出發(fā).

　　超綱詞匯

　　itchy a. 使人發(fā)癢的

　　mediate *v. 斡旋，調(diào)停 a. 居中的，間接的

　　rant n./v. 怒吼，咆哮，大聲抱怨

　　recrimination n. *① 反詰，互相指責 ② 反控告

　　tyrannize vt. ① 對……施行暴政 *②專橫地對待

　　長難句分析

　　1.That's what Laura McHugh of Castro Valley, California, did when a caller told her that her then 13 year-old son had spit in another boy's food.

　　該句主干是That's what...。在what引導的表語從句中，其主干成分為Laura McHugh did，of Castro Valley, California是一個介詞短語，做后置定語，修飾主語Laura McHugh; when引導的時間狀語從句修飾謂語did。

　　2.She knew the chance of contracting any disease this way was remote, but her promise calmed the mother and showed McHugh?s son that his bad behavior was being taken seriously.

　　該句是由but引導的并列句。前一分句的主干是She knew (that)...，賓語從句中的主干為the chance was remote,介詞短語of... this way做后置定語修飾主語chance;后一句的主句是her promise calmed the mother and showed McHugh?s son that...，that引導的賓語從句做動詞show的賓語，構(gòu)成show sb. sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)，sb.為間接賓語，sth.為直接賓語，這里的直接賓語為that從句。

　　語篇分析

　　本文題材涉及兒童教育，作者試圖教導家長如何正確處理孩子被欺負這一問題。它是一篇現(xiàn)象解釋型文章，按照“指出現(xiàn)象—解釋現(xiàn)象—提出解決方案”的脈絡展開論述，可以分成三大部分。

　　第一段為第一部分，指出現(xiàn)象：受欺負的孩子的家長打電話投訴，希望對方家長能管教好自己的孩子，但對方家長不以為然。句子You must have the wrong number. My child is a little angel體現(xiàn)了欺負人的孩子的家長對此問題的態(tài)度。

　　[b第二、三段為第二部分，解釋現(xiàn)象：打電話投訴的方式對解決孩子之間的沖突起不了作用。

　　第二段：引用了兩類研究結(jié)果。一類研究結(jié)果表明：仗勢欺人現(xiàn)象在增多而家長管教卻在減少(bullying on the rise and parental supervision on the decline)。另一類研究結(jié)果表明：①家長的投訴電話毫無用處(more futile than ever);②這種電話常導致相互指責(lead to recriminations);③達不到教育孩子的目的(not teach our kids any lessons)。