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四級(jí)閱讀長(zhǎng)難句考點(diǎn)解析

時(shí)間:2024-11-17 21:29:57 英語(yǔ)閱讀 我要投稿
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2017年四級(jí)閱讀長(zhǎng)難句考點(diǎn)解析

  在追逐英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀高分的路上,考生常常會(huì)被各種各樣的困難絆住腳步,長(zhǎng)難句就是其中之一。今天,小編就為大家逐句解析一下這些復(fù)雜的句子,希望能助大家一臂之力!

2017年四級(jí)閱讀長(zhǎng)難句考點(diǎn)解析

  一、Yale professor and Howard Hughes MedicalInstitute investigator Tian Xu directs a researchcenter focused on the genetics of humandisease at Shanghai's Fudan University, incollaboration with faculty colleagues from bothschools.

  句子分析:

  本句的主干是Tian Xu directs center。Yale professor and Howard Hughes MedicalInsritute investigator為主語(yǔ)Tian Xu的定語(yǔ);focused on the genetics of hwnan disease為research center的后置定語(yǔ);at Shanghai's Fudan University為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ);in collaborationwith…為狀語(yǔ)。

  focus sth. on的意思是“使某物集中于”。如:

  Please focus your mind on the following question. 請(qǐng)集中注意力思考以下問(wèn)題。

  in collaboration with的意思是“與……合作,協(xié)作”。如:

  He wrote the book in collaboration with his sister. 他和姐姐合作寫(xiě)成此書(shū)。

  考點(diǎn)歸納:

  faculty有以下含義:

  ※“感官,天賦”。如:

  She retained her mental faculties until the day she died. 她直到臨終那天一直保持著思維能力。

  ※“才能,能力”。如:

  The little girl has already got the faculty of understanding complex issues. 那個(gè)小女孩已經(jīng)具備了理解復(fù)雜問(wèn)題的能力。

  ※“系,院”:如:

  He is a professor of the Arts Faculty. 他是文學(xué)院的教授。

  ※ “全體教師”。如:

  There was a mixed reaction to the proposal among the faculty. 教師們對(duì)提議的反應(yīng)不一。

  譯文參考:

  耶魯大學(xué)教授、霍華德·休斯醫(yī)學(xué)研究所調(diào)查員許田在上海復(fù)旦大學(xué)指導(dǎo)一個(gè)主要研究人類疾病遺傳學(xué)的研究中心,同來(lái)自兩所學(xué)校的教員同事在那里進(jìn)行合作研究。

  二、While there's no question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you're able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.

  句子分析:

  本句的主干是studies suggest that while引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,其中that引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句;主句中that引導(dǎo)的是suggest的賓語(yǔ)從句,其中in which引導(dǎo)的in which you're able to rise to the occasion是situations的定語(yǔ)從句。

  there's no question的意思是“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”。如:

  He's the best; there is no question about it,他是最棒的,這毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)。

  rise to the occasion的意思是“善于處理突如其來(lái)的困難,隨機(jī)應(yīng)變”。

  be good for的意思是“對(duì)…有益的,有幫助的”。如:

  Regular exercises are good for your health.堅(jiān)持運(yùn)動(dòng)有益健康。

  考點(diǎn)歸納:

  while常見(jiàn)用法如下:

  ※ 用于引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。如:

  We arrived while they were having dinner.他們吃飯的時(shí)候,我們到了。

  ※ 用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“雖然,盡管”。如:

  While she is just a little girl, she can be extremely diff cult to deal with.她盡管只是個(gè)小女孩,卻也很難對(duì)付。

  ※ 用作轉(zhuǎn)折連詞,意為“而,卻”。如:

  Lisa is good at science, while her sister is good at literature.莉薩擅長(zhǎng)理科,而她的妹妹則擅長(zhǎng)文學(xué)。

  譯文參考:

  盡管人們對(duì)持續(xù)的壓力有害健康的觀點(diǎn)不加懷疑,卻有幾項(xiàng)研究表明,如果你能在富有挑戰(zhàn)性的境遇中隨機(jī)應(yīng)變,這種境遇將對(duì)你有好處。

  三、The lnternet was comceived in the 1960s as a tool to link university and government research centers via a nationwide network that would allow a wide variety of computers to exchange information and share resources.

  句子分析:

  本句的主干是Internet was conceivedt in the 1960s為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ);as a tool…和via...皆為方式狀語(yǔ);that引導(dǎo)的是nationwide network的定語(yǔ)從句。conceive的意思是“構(gòu)想,設(shè)想”。

  via的意思是“經(jīng)由,憑借”,常用于引導(dǎo)某種途徑或方式。如:

  I flew home via Hong Kong.我是乘飛機(jī)途經(jīng)香港回來(lái)的。

  Those programmes came to us via satellite.那些節(jié)目是通過(guò)衛(wèi)星傳送到我們這里來(lái)的。

  allow sb./sth. to do sth.的意思是“允許某人(某物)做某事”。如:

  Students are not allowed to speak loud in the library.圖書(shū)館內(nèi),學(xué)生不許大聲講話。

  考點(diǎn)歸納:

  是四級(jí)考試中的核心詞之一,用法如下:

  ※ 表示“想出,構(gòu)想,想象”,常與as或of搭配。如:

  This building is conceived as a center for swimming.該建筑被設(shè)想用來(lái)作游泳中心。

  I can't conceive of your quitting your job.我想不通你怎么會(huì)辭職。

  ※ 表示“懷孕”。如:

  This kind of medicine can assist couples to conceive.這種藥物能夠幫助夫妻懷上孩子。

  譯文參考:

  互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在20世紀(jì)60年代被構(gòu)想為通過(guò)全國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)連接大學(xué)和政府研究中心的工具,全國(guó)性網(wǎng)絡(luò)使得大量不同的電腦得以交換信息并共享資源。

  四、 We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it.

  句子分析:

  本句的主干是We will argue and make commitments。as a nation為插人語(yǔ);some fairly solemn-sounding為commitments的定語(yǔ),其中some表示數(shù)量概念,fairly修飾solemn-sounding; to avoid it為目的狀語(yǔ)。

  argue over的意思是“為……而爭(zhēng)論”。如:

  The family argued over who should inherit the house.這家人就誰(shuí)該繼承房產(chǎn)而爭(zhēng)吵。

  make commitment的意思是“作出承諾”。如:

  She doesn't want to make any commitment to him at the moment.她不想在此刻對(duì)他作出任何承諾。

  考點(diǎn)歸納:

  有關(guān)argue的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)搭配有:

  ※ argue for意為“據(jù)理力爭(zhēng)”。如:

  They argued for the right to vote.他們據(jù)理力爭(zhēng)投票的權(quán)利。

  ※ argue against意為“據(jù)理反對(duì)”。如:

  They argued against extending the factory on the grounds of cost.他們以成本為理由反對(duì)擴(kuò)建工廠。

  ※ argue sb. into/out of doing sth.意為“說(shuō)服某人(不)做某事”。如:

  They argued her intolout of withdrawing her complaint.他們說(shuō)服她撤回了(不要撤回)投訴。

  譯文參考:

  我們會(huì)針對(duì)它展開(kāi)爭(zhēng)論,作為一個(gè)國(guó)家,我們甚至?xí)ㄟ^(guò)作出一些冠冕堂皇的承諾來(lái)避免它。

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