2017小升初英語介詞大講解
英語介詞的學(xué)習(xí)難嗎?其實(shí)沒有同學(xué)們想象中的那么難。不過確實(shí)須要你釋放 ”洪荒之力“跟著yjbys一起來學(xué)習(xí)呢! 學(xué)習(xí)介詞前，我們須要知道什么是介詞。介詞是英語中的活躍分子，但不能獨(dú)立出現(xiàn)，一般放在名詞或名詞性詞語前構(gòu)成介詞短語。許多介詞短語都是固定搭配，我們只要熟悉搭配原則，就能舉一反三了!
介詞可以主要分為以下五個(gè)大類：
| 介詞種類 | 例詞 |
| 時(shí)間介詞 | at, in, on, before, after, from |
| 方位介詞 | at, in, on, under, near, between, behind, beside |
| 方式介詞 | by, on, with |
| 動向介詞 | to, into, up, down, along, across, over |
| 原因介詞 | for, from, of, with |
一、常用時(shí)間介詞
1.at
表示在幾點(diǎn)：at seven o’clock, at a quarter past four, at eleven twenty等。固定搭配單獨(dú)記：at noon, at night, at the weekend
練習(xí)一：
1) My father usually goes to work ________ (at, in, on) 8:00.
2) The party will begin ______ (at, in, on) 2:00pm.
答案：1.on 2.on
2.on
表示在具體某一天：on Monday, on Saturday, On Children’s Day, on June 22, 2006, on weekends
練習(xí)二：
1) What is the first lesson________ (at, in, on) Tuesday?
2) Mr. Web will go to Shanghai ______ (at, in, on) Oct. 22nd.
3) He often plays football with his friends _______ (at, in, on) Sunday.
4) Children don’t go to school _______(at, in, on) New Year’s Day.
答案：1.on 2.on 3.on 4.on
3.in
表示在早晨，下午，晚上以及月份，季節(jié)，年份,即in+一段時(shí)間：in the morning, in the afternoon, in December, in winter, in 2016
練習(xí)三：
1) We never go shopping ______ (at, in, on) the evening.
2)We can go swimming_______ (at, in, on) summer.
答案：1.in 2.in
注意: in the morning, in the afternoon，in the evening 如果在這三個(gè)短語中加入任何修飾詞修飾(morning, afternoon, evening)，其前面的介詞都要改為 on, 如:on a cold afternoon, on the morning of July 14th
練習(xí)四：
( ) 1. The girl usually plays the piano ________ Saturday morning.
A. on B. in C. at
( )2 .He left home ___ a cold winter evening.
A. at B. on C. in
答案：1.A 2.B
二、常用方位介詞
in , on , at 表地點(diǎn)的用法：at一般指小地方;in一般指大地方或某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi),國家、城市等;on往往表示“在某個(gè)物體的表面” ，兩者互相接觸。
常用的方位介詞還有：
over 在某物的上方，兩者互相不接觸。
under 在某物垂直的'正下方
behind 在某物體的后面
near 在某物體的附近
beside 在······旁邊
in front of在......的前面，與behind相反
練習(xí)五：
( ) 1. They’re running _______ the playground.
A. at B. in C. on
( ) 2. Can we eat _______ Guangzhou Restaurant today?
A. to B. of C. at
( )3. She studies English ______ Rose School ____ England.
A. at, from B. in, in C. at, in
( )4 .There are many apples ___ the tree. A bird ___ the tree is picking an apple.
A. in ; on B. on ; in C. in ; at
注意:長在樹上的用on,外來物用in
答案：1.C 2.C 3.C 4.B
三、常用介詞的基本用法
1.at
①I go to school at seven o’clock every day. 表示“具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)”
�、贖e is standing at the bus stop. 表示“在小地方”
③Please look at me. 固定搭配
�、芄潭ù钆洌篴t night 在晚上 at last 最后 at the same time 同時(shí)
2.in
①The pencil is in the desk. 表示“在…里面”
�、赪e have four classes in the morning.
固定搭配
③What's this in English? 表示“用”
�、躨n 2002, in spring, in January 表示“在”
�、軭elen is in yellow. 表示“穿著什么顏色的衣服”
⑥固定搭配：in front of 在……前面 in the end 最后 in time 及時(shí)
3.on
�、賂here are some apples on the tree. 表示“在…上”
②They go to English class on Sunday. 表示“在”，用在具體某天前
�、酃潭ù钆洌� on duty 值日 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)
4.to
�、俚剑�，向： He walks to the window. 他走向窗戶。
�、诒硎緯r(shí)間、數(shù)量 “到……為止” Please count from ten to thirty. 請從10數(shù)到30.
�、巯颍瑢�，給： Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。
5.under
在……下面 What's under your desk? 你書桌底下是什么?
6.behind
在……之后： There is a bike behind the tree. 樹后有一輛自行車
7.after
在……之后： After dinner I watch TV. 晚飯后我看電視。
8.near
靠近，在……附近： My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗戶旁。
9.by
①在……旁： He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床邊。
②以……方式： I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。
③用于某些固定搭配： one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè) by the way 順便說一句
10.about
�、俦硎敬蠹s時(shí)間： It’s about six o'clock now. 現(xiàn)在大約6點(diǎn)鐘了。
②關(guān)于，對于： We are talking about the news. 我們正在談?wù)撔侣?/p>
11.for
�、俦硎�“為，給，替”： I'll make a card for my teacher.
�、诒硎�“由于”： Thank you for helping me.
③固定搭配for +三餐： I have bread and milk for breakfast.
12.like
�、傧�……樣： what’s your math teacher like?
②怎樣： What's the weather like? 天氣怎樣。
13.of
……的(用于所有格)： This is a photo of my family.
14.with
①表示“和” ： Could you go home with me?
�、诒硎�“帶有”： Who's that girl with glasses?
四、常見的介詞短語
a lot of 許多
ask for 要求
be good at 擅長于
on foot 步行
catch up with 追上
come from 來自
get to 到達(dá)
on holiday 度假中
Help yourself to···請隨便
one of …之一
這一期我們重點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)了常用的時(shí)間介詞(at, on, in的區(qū)別)和常用的方位介詞，以及常用介詞的基本用法及固定搭配。
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