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關(guān)于小升初英語(yǔ)介詞的語(yǔ)法
從介詞本身的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看:
1. 簡(jiǎn)單介詞:at, in, on, since, from
2. 復(fù)合介詞:as for 至于;as to 關(guān)于;out of 從,出自;into 進(jìn)入;onto 到……上面去
3. 二重介詞:from under 從……的下面;from behind 從……的后面;until after 直到……之后;from among 從……當(dāng)中
4. 短語(yǔ)介詞:according to 根據(jù);ahead of 在……之前;apart from 在……之外;because of 由于;by means of 以……之手段;by way of 經(jīng)由
從介詞本身的意義來(lái)看:
1. 表示時(shí)間的介詞
about, around, before, by, at, after, in, on, around, between, during, for, from, since, till, until, within
2. 表示地點(diǎn)的介詞
about, at, in, on, over, through, across, along, around, before, between, beyond, down, up, to, toward, under, near
3. 表示方式的介詞
by bus 乘公共汽車(chē)
see with one's own eyes 親眼看…
write in ink 用墨水寫(xiě)…
on foot 步行,徒步
He looked at me without expression. 他毫無(wú)表情地看著我。
4. 表示原因的介詞
He was punished for stealing. 他因偷竊而被懲罰。
suffer from a cold 患傷風(fēng)
be ashamed of 因……而感到羞愧
shake with cold 因寒冷而發(fā)抖
5. 表示關(guān)于的介詞
What is the book about? 這本書(shū)是關(guān)于什么內(nèi)容的?(about關(guān)于一般情況)
I heard him talk on Chinese medicine last night. 昨晚我聽(tīng)到他講中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)。(on關(guān)于理論、學(xué)術(shù))
a long story of adventure 一個(gè)長(zhǎng)篇冒險(xiǎn)故事
6. 表示比較的介詞
His face is as black as coal. 他的臉跟煤炭一樣黑。
He saw a number of small hard things like stones. 他看見(jiàn)一些像石頭一樣的小小的堅(jiān)硬的東西。
7. 表示除外的介詞
He works every day but Sunday. 除星期天外,他每天都工作。
We all went except Tom. 除湯姆外,我們都去了。
The letter is good except for the spelling. 這封信除了拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤之外,還算是很通順的。
Besides English, he studies German and French. 除英語(yǔ)外,他還學(xué)習(xí)德語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)。(besides中文譯成“除……外”,實(shí)則表示包含在內(nèi)。)
8. 表示條件的介詞
With your help, we might finish the work earlier. 有你的幫助,我們可能早點(diǎn)做完這工作。
Man cannot live without water. 如果沒(méi)有水人就不能活。
9. 表示結(jié)果的介詞
She tore the letter to pieces. 她把信撕個(gè)粉碎。
10. 表示對(duì)于的介詞
Sea air is good for the health. 海上的空氣對(duì)健康有好處。
To her it was all unusual. 這一切對(duì)她都很不平常。
小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全:介詞
1、介詞是一種虛詞。不能單獨(dú)作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ),才能在句子中起作用。
有:in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of, from…to…, at the back of…
2、表示時(shí)間的介詞有:at, on, in。
(1)at表示“在某一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)上”,或用在固定詞組中。如:at ten o’clock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend…
(2)on表示“在某日或某日的時(shí)間段”。如:on Friday, on the first of October, on Monday morning…
(3)in表示“在某一段時(shí)間(月份、季節(jié))里”。如:in the afternoon, in September, in summer, in 2005…
3、in一詞還有其他的固定搭配,如:in blue(穿著藍(lán)色的衣服),in English(用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)),take part in(參加)。
練一練:
1、選用括號(hào)內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。
1) What’s this _______ ( at, on, in ) English?
2) Christmas is _______ ( at, on, in ) the 25th of December.
3) The man_______ ( with, on, in ) black is Su Hai’s father.
4) He doesn’t do well _______ ( at, on, in ) PE.
5) Look at those birds _______ ( on, in ) the tree.
6) We are going to meet _______ ( at, on, in ) the bus stop _______ ( at, on, in ) half past ten.
7) Is there a cat _______ ( under, behind, in ) the door?
8) Helen’s writing paper is _______ ( in, in front of ) her computer.
9) We live _______ ( at, on, in ) a new house now.
10) Does it often rain _______ ( at, on, in ) spring there?
2、圈出下列句子中運(yùn)用不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~,并將正確的答案寫(xiě)在橫線上。
1) Jim is good in English and Maths.
2) The films were in the ground just now.
3) They are talking to their plans.
4) How many students have their birthdays on May?
5) Women’s Day is at the third of March.
6) I can jog to school on the morning.
7) Did you water trees at the farm?
8) Can you come and help me on my English?
9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning.
10) What did you do on the Spring Festival?
小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全:形容詞、副詞
1、形容詞表示某一事物或人的特征,副詞表示某一動(dòng)作的特征。
形容詞和副詞有三種形式:原形、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)。比較級(jí):+er 最高級(jí):the …+est
兩個(gè)重要特征:as……as中間一定用原形,than的前面一定要+er。
2、形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的規(guī)則變化如下:
(1)一般直接+er。如:tall - taller, fast - faster 單音節(jié)詞如果以-e結(jié)尾,只加-r。如:late - later
(2)重讀閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,須雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)字母,再加-er。如:big - bigger, fat - fatter
(3)以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞,變y為i,再加-er。如:heavy - heavier, early - earlier
(4)雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)應(yīng)在原級(jí)前加more構(gòu)成。如:beautiful - more beautiful, careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting
(5)有些不規(guī)則變化的,須逐一加以記憶。如:good/well – better, bad/ill – worse, many/much – more, far – farther/further, old – older/elder…
練一練:
1、寫(xiě)出下列形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)。
big good long tall old
short thin heavy young fat
light strong high far low
early late well fast slow
2、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1) I can swim as _______ (fast) as the fish, I think.
2) Look! His hands are _______ (big) than mine.
3) I think you do these things_______ (well) than your classmates.
4) Whose bag is _______ (heavy), yours or mine?
5) Does Jim run as _______(slow) as David? Yes, but Mike runs_______ (slow) than them.
6) You have seven books, but I have _______ (many) than you. I have ten.
7) I jump _______ (far) than some of the boys in my class.
8) I’m very_______ (thin), but she’s _______ (thin) than me.
9) It gets _______and_______ (warm) when spring comes here.
小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全:英語(yǔ)中的八種詞性
樂(lè)加樂(lè)英語(yǔ):小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全:英語(yǔ)中的八種詞性,供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)~
Words are used to form patterns of English grammar and syntax. Each word falls into one of eight categories referred to as parts of speech. Here are the eight commonly recognized parts of speech.
英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法和句法中也會(huì)形成詞的類型。每個(gè)詞都會(huì)被歸為八類中的一類,這里我們要講的就是英語(yǔ)中八類最常見(jiàn)的詞性。
Certain words have further categorization such as: adverbs of frequency: always, sometimes, often, etc. or determiners: this, that, these, those . However, the basic categorization of words in English fall into these eight categories.
具體的詞還會(huì)有更進(jìn)一步的分類,比如always(總是), sometimes(有時(shí)), often(經(jīng)常)等等這些被叫做頻率副詞,還有this(這個(gè)), that(那個(gè)), these(這些), those(那些)被叫做限定詞,不過(guò)基本的英語(yǔ)詞類還是有這八類的。
The Eight Parts of Speech
八種詞類
名詞
A word which is a person, place, thing or idea.
描述一個(gè)人、一個(gè)地點(diǎn)、一個(gè)東西或者一種想法的詞。
例如:
Mount Everest, book, horse, Peter, strength, car, Empire State Building, China, house, child
珠穆朗瑪峰,書(shū),馬,皮特(人名),力量,汽車(chē),帝國(guó)大廈,中國(guó),房子,孩子
代詞
A word that is used to take the place of a noun.
用來(lái)指代一個(gè)名詞的詞
例如:
I, they, their, ourselves, itself, your, my, nobody, who, which, her, we
我,他們,我們自己,它自己,你的,我的,沒(méi)有人,誰(shuí),哪個(gè),她(賓格),我們
形容詞
A word that is used to describe a noun or pronoun.
一個(gè)用來(lái)描述一個(gè)名詞或者代詞的詞
例如:
proud, purple, French, few, this, huge, sad, second, none
驕傲的,紫色的,法國(guó)的,很少的,剛過(guò)去的,巨大的,悲傷的,其次的,沒(méi)有的
動(dòng)詞
A word that indicates an action, being or state of being.
一個(gè)表示動(dòng)作進(jìn)行或者存在的狀態(tài)的詞
例如:
play, run, think, study, smell, wait, be, drive, renounce, fill
玩,跑,想,學(xué)習(xí),聞,等,是,駕駛,拒絕,填充
副詞
A word that is used to describe a verb which tells how, where, or when something is done.
副詞是用來(lái)描述一個(gè)動(dòng)作怎樣完成、在哪里完成或者什么時(shí)間完成的詞
例如:
carefully, often, very, [w]intelligently, quite, too, rarely, never
仔細(xì)地,經(jīng)常,非常,聰明地,非常,太,很少,從不
連詞
A word that is used to join words or groups of words.
一個(gè)用來(lái)連接幾個(gè)詞或者幾組詞的詞
例如:
and, or, but, neither, because, while, since, although
和,或者,但是,既不是,因?yàn),而,自……以?lái),雖然
前置詞,漢語(yǔ)中多叫介詞
A word used indicating the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word.
一個(gè)用來(lái)表明一個(gè)名詞或代詞和另一個(gè)詞的關(guān)系的詞
例如:
in, until, of, from, after, under, beyond, across, toward
在……里面,直到,……的,從……開(kāi)始,在……之后,在……下面,超出,穿過(guò),向
感嘆詞
A single word used to express strong emotion.
一個(gè)表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的感情的詞
例如:
Wow! Ah! Oh! No!
哇!啊!哦!不!
編輯推薦:
小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法
小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全:名詞的所有格
樂(lè)加樂(lè)英語(yǔ):小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全:名詞的所有格,供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)~
1. 在詞尾不是s 的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞之后加-s
Tom's bike 湯姆的自行車(chē)
a women's hospital 婦女醫(yī)院
a children's palace 少年宮
oxen's temper 牛脾氣
2. 在詞尾是s 的單數(shù)名詞之后加' 或's 都可以
my boss' office 或 my boss's office 我老板的辦公室
Dickens' novels 或 Dickens's novels 狄更斯的小說(shuō)
3. 在詞尾是s 的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之后加'
a girls' high school 女子中學(xué)
birds' nets 鳥(niǎo)窩
4. 在復(fù)合名詞或是名詞短語(yǔ)最后的一個(gè)詞的詞尾加-s
my brother-in-law's hat 我姐夫的帽子
somebody else's bag 別人的包
a year or two's absence 一兩年的離別
the President of America's car 美國(guó)總統(tǒng)的座車(chē)
但是,最后一個(gè)詞的詞尾若是s ,只加'
go-betweens' arrangements 中間人的安排
5. 名詞之后有同位語(yǔ)時(shí),將同位語(yǔ)變成所有格
Have you seen my sister, Mary's bike? 你有沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)我姐姐瑪麗的自行車(chē)?
6. 共同擁有或是個(gè)別擁有的區(qū)別
Mary and Betty's parents(兩人父母相同)
Mary's and Betty's parents(兩人各自的父母)
John and Mary's school(兩人同在一所學(xué)校)
John's and Mary's schools(兩人分別在不同的學(xué)校)
7. "of + 名詞"構(gòu)成的所有格
the door of the room 房間的門(mén)
the tittle of the film 影片的名字
編輯推薦:小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法
小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全:不定冠詞的用法
樂(lè)加樂(lè)英語(yǔ):小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全:不定冠詞的用法,供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)~
不定冠詞的用法
不定冠詞有"a 和 an"兩種形式。"a"用在以輔音開(kāi)頭的詞前,"an"用在以元音開(kāi)頭的詞前。
注意:判斷一個(gè)詞是以元音開(kāi)頭還是以輔音開(kāi)頭,是根據(jù)讀音而不是根據(jù)字母,這一點(diǎn)很多初學(xué)者會(huì)搞錯(cuò)哦。
1. 用于可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前,表示“一”
There is a tiger in the zoo. 動(dòng)物園里有一只老虎。
2. 表示一類人或物
A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。
3. 表示“某一個(gè)”的意思
A gentleman wants to see you. 有位先生要見(jiàn)你。
4. 表示“同一”的意思
They are nearly of an age. 他們幾乎同歲。
The two shirts are much of a size. 這兩件襯衫大小差不多。
5. 表示“每一”的意思
We go swimming four times a week. 我們每周去游泳四次。
6. 用在作表語(yǔ)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示身份、職業(yè)
My mother is a teacher. 我媽媽是老師。
7. 第一次提到的人或事物,但不特別指明是哪一個(gè)
Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter. 很久很久以前,有一個(gè)年老的國(guó)王,他有一個(gè)非常美麗的女兒。
8. 在 such a,quite a 句式中
He is quite a good actor. 他是一個(gè)相當(dāng)好的演員。
Don't be in such a hurry. 不要如此匆忙。
9. 用在某些表示數(shù)量的詞組中
a couple of 一對(duì)
a dozen 一打(也可以用 one dozen)
a lot of 許多
a great many 很多(修飾可數(shù)名詞)
a great deal/amount of 大量(修飾不可數(shù)名詞)
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