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2017考研英語(yǔ)完型填空練習(xí)題及答案
篇一：
About 40 percent of Americans think of themselves as shy, while only 20 percent say they have never suffered from shyness at some point in their lives. Shyness occurs when a person’s apprehensions are so great that they 1 his making an expected or desired social response. 2 of shyness can be as minor as 3 to make eye contact when speaking to someone, 4 as major as avoiding conversations whenever possible.
“Shy people tend to be too 5 with themselves,” said Jonathan Cheek, a psychologist, who is one of those at the forefront of current research on the topic. “ 6 , for a smooth conversation, you need to pay attention to the other person’s cues 7 he is saying and doing. But the shy person is full of 8 about how he seems to the other person, and so he often 9 cues he should pick up. The result is an awkward lag in the conversation. Shy people need to stop focusing on 10 and switch their attention to the other person.”
11 , shy people by and large have 12 social abilities than they think they do. 13 Dr. Cheek videotaped shy people talking to 14 , and then had raters (評(píng)估者) evaluate how socially skilled the people were, he found that, in the 15 of other people, the shy group had few 16 problems. But when he asked the shy people themselves 17 they had done, they were unanimous in saying that they had been social flops (失敗).
“Shy people are their own 18 critics,” Dr. Cheek said. 19 he added, shy people feel they are being judged more 20 than they actually are, and overestimate how obvious their social anxiety is to others.
1. [A] prevent[B] inhibit[C] keep[D] motivate
2. [A] Symptoms[B] Signals[C] Highlights[D] Incidences
3. [A] succeeding[B] failing[C] acting[D] responding
4. [A] but[B] not[C] or[D] nor
5. [A] preoccupied[B] absorbed[C] engaged[D] indulged
6. [A] However[B] Then[C] For example[D] Instead
7. [A] that[B] which[C] what[D] how
8. [A] worries[B] feelings[C] emotions[D] indiffferences
9. [A] follows[B] picks up[C] misses[D] catches
10.[A]the conversation[B] shyness[C] others[D] themselves
11. [A] Therefore[B] Nevertheless[C]On the contrary[D] Similarly
12. [A] worse[B] as good[C] better[D] best
13. [A] When[B] Since[C] While[D] As
14. [A] themselves[B] friends[C] strangers[D] others
15. [A] name[B] terms[C] ease[D] eyes
16. [A] oblivious[B] obvious[C] oblique[D] obscure
17. [A] what[B] whatever[C] how[D] however
18. [A] best[B] justice[C] fair[D] worst
19. [A] In particular[B] In contrast[C] In general[D] In comparison
20. [A] positively[B] negatively[C] subjectively[D] objectively
參考答案
1. 【答案】B
【解析】 inhibit意為“阻止，抑制”，后面可直接跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞，如：Thirst inhibits the desire to eat.口渴妨礙食欲。而prevent，keep雖也意為“阻止”，但常用結(jié)構(gòu)為prevent/keep sb.from doing sth.因此這里inhibit為最佳選項(xiàng)。
2. 【答案】A
【解析】symptom意為“癥狀，病癥”，在文中的意思是“害羞的癥狀就是……”。
3. 【答案】B
【解析】fail to do sth.不能做某事，句意為：害羞的人不能在與別人交談時(shí)與別人進(jìn)行眼神交流。因此，B項(xiàng)最合邏輯。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】or表示一種選擇關(guān)系，根據(jù)上句...can be as minor as. . .，“可能微小到……”，又根據(jù)后面的...as major as...，“能大到……”，由此可知應(yīng)是一種選擇關(guān)系，因此用or。
5. 【答案】A
【解析】preoccupied意為“心事重重的;關(guān)注于……的”，此句意為：害羞的人趨于對(duì)他們自己過(guò)分關(guān)注
6. 【答案】C
【解析】因?yàn)榍懊嫣岢鲆粋�(gè)觀點(diǎn)，害羞的人往往過(guò)分關(guān)注自己，這里便舉例證明這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，因此C項(xiàng)為最佳選項(xiàng)。
7. 【答案】C
【解析】注意前面出現(xiàn)的cues，這個(gè)詞意為“(言詞、行為之)暗示，提示”。因?yàn)楹竺嬉痪涫怯脕?lái)解釋說(shuō)明cues的，因此應(yīng)選What he is saying and doing.他在說(shuō)什么話和做著什么動(dòng)作。
8. 【答案】A
【解析】根據(jù)前面提出的觀點(diǎn)，應(yīng)知此句意為：害羞的人過(guò)分擔(dān)心自己在他人眼中是什么樣的，他們?yōu)樽约旱男蜗髴n心重重。因此，選用worries最合文意。
9. 【答案】C
【解析】此句意為：正因?yàn)楹π叩娜诉^(guò)分關(guān)注他人對(duì)自己的看法，往往會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)別人的話語(yǔ)和小動(dòng)作。根據(jù)文意，miss最合文意。
10. 【答案】D
【解析】前面提到，害羞的人是趨于關(guān)注“自己”的，因此，此處應(yīng)選用themselves。
11. 【答案】B
【解析】根據(jù)后一句，害羞的人的社交能力往往比他們自己想的要強(qiáng)，與前文談害羞的人的缺點(diǎn)相比，可知這里有一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折語(yǔ)氣，nevertheless可引起轉(zhuǎn)折語(yǔ)氣，相當(dāng)于but。
12. 【答案】C
【解析】此句意為：害羞的人有著比他們所想象的要強(qiáng)的社交能力。
13. 【答案】A
【解析】這里需要的是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的詞，句意為：當(dāng)Cheek博士攝下害羞的人與他人談話的情景時(shí)。
14. 【答案】C
根據(jù)邏輯，選擇strang
er，與陌生人談話為最佳選項(xiàng)。
15. 【答案】D
【解析】in the eyes of sb.意為“在某人看來(lái)”;in the name of sb.意為“以某人的名義”。根據(jù)上下文，選用eyes最合邏輯。
16. 【答案】B
【解析】obvious意為“可看出來(lái)的，顯而易見(jiàn)的”;oblivious意為“”忘卻”;obscure意為“模糊的”;oblique意為“間接的，斜的”。
17. 【答案】C
【解析】根據(jù)上下文，此句意為：研究者問(wèn)了別人對(duì)害羞者行為的評(píng)價(jià)后，又問(wèn)他們自己覺(jué)得自己表現(xiàn)怎么樣。因此選用how最合適。
18. 【答案】D
【解析】根據(jù)前文，害羞者總是覺(jué)得自己表現(xiàn)不好，因此選用worst，句意為：害羞的人是對(duì)他們自己評(píng)論最差的人。
19. 【答案】C
【解析】in general意為“總體上來(lái)說(shuō)”;in particular意為“具體而言”;in contrast意為“相比而言”;in comparison意為“比較地說(shuō)”。
20. 【答案】B
【解析】negatively意為“否定地，消極地”;positively意為“肯定地”;subjectively意為“主觀地”;objectively意為“客觀地”。此題句意為：害羞的人趨于對(duì)自已有否定的評(píng)價(jià)。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。
篇二：
Things in the henhouse changed practically overnight when McDonald’s announced in 1999 that it would no longer buy eggs from producers who didn’t meet its guidelines for care of chickens. Those guidelines included limiting the 1 of birds that could be kept in one 2 and prohibiting beak removal, 3 trimming just the tips.
Once McDonald’s had 4 the way in issuing animal care guidelines for the company’s suppliers, many other giants of the fast-food industry rapidly followed 5 , including Burger King, Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Wendy’s, A and W and KFC. Now, the American Meat Institute has 6 welfare guidelines and audit 7 for cattle, pigs, and chickens. And the European Union, representing our foreign customers, is also 8 in with, among other things, legislation banning. 9 use of crates to house pregnant sows, 10 in 2013.
Questions about animal care 11 with the explosive growth in large-scale livestock farms, 12 spurred customers to complain about animals being treated as “factory parts”. That spurred ARS and the livestock industry to take a proactive approach to addressing animal 13 issues, making sure that guidelines are based on facts 14 through scientific research. The goal is to share research findings with the retail food industry and others so that the livestock industry can improve its 15 guidelines.
Ten years ago, to 16 these concerns, ARS started a research program on livestock behavior and stress. The scientists involved were tasked with finding out whether modern farming practices were 17 stressing animals. And if so, could scientific methods be developed to measure this stress so that 18 could be evaluated objectively rather than subjectively?
A decade later, the 19 answer is “yes” to both questions, Many had expected the answer to be “no” on both counts, but science works independently 20 people’s opinions.
1. A. amount B. number C. figure D. sum
2. A. cage B. cave C. case D. cart
3. A. but for B. except for C. aside from D. away from
4. A. paved B. changed C. led D. opened
5. A. suitB. step C. set D. super
6. A. adapted B. adopted C. approved D. accepted
7. A. booklets B. pamphlets C. brochures D. checklists
8. A. measuring B. weighing C. considering D. thinking
9. A. prolonged B. proceeded C. programmed D. progressed
10. A. efficient B. effective C. effusive D. elective
11. A. raised B. roseC. aroseD. pose
12. A. who B. what C. which D. how
13. A. health B. life C. wealth D welfare
14. A. decided B. determined C. proved D. tested
15. A. voluntary B. revolutionary C. preliminary D. necessary
16. A. express B. address C. suppress D. compress
17. A. unduly B. unequally C. unfortunately D. unfavorably
18. A. performances B. programs C. problems D. practices
19. A. sequential B. initial C. essential D. financial
20. A. of B. on C. by D. with
1.【答案】B
【解析】amount指不可數(shù)名詞的“數(shù)量”，number指可數(shù)名詞的“數(shù)目”，figure指一個(gè)“數(shù)字”，sum多指錢的“數(shù)量”。這里指家禽數(shù)目，是可數(shù)名詞，因此答案是B。
2.【答案】A
【解析】cage意為“籠子”，是和文中的bird搭配唯一恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，cave“洞穴”，case“箱子”和cart“人力車”都不可和bird搭配使句意通暢，所以選A。
3.【答案】B
【解析】but for是“若非，要不是”，except for是“除了，只是”，aside from是“除…以外”，away from是“離開(kāi)”。原文的意思是供應(yīng)商除了可以對(duì)鳥(niǎo)喙尖部稍加修剪外禁止去掉鳥(niǎo)喙。只有except for符合句子意思，因此B是正確答案。
4.【答案】C
【解析】pave the way是“為…作準(zhǔn)備”，change the way是“改變…方式、方法”，lead the way是“為…之先，首先倡導(dǎo)”，open則不能和the way搭配。根據(jù)上下文可知麥當(dāng)勞公司在家禽飼養(yǎng)方面率先作出明確規(guī)定，其后諸多快餐巨頭紛紛效仿，因此答案是C。
5.【答案】A
【解析】“效仿，模仿”在英語(yǔ)里的固定短語(yǔ)是follow suit，所以選A。
6.【答案】B
【解析】adapt是“適應(yīng)”，adopt是“采納”，approve是“同意”，accept是“接受，同意”。首先排除adpat，而approve和accept意思相近，屬于干擾選項(xiàng)，所以答案是B。提醒大家準(zhǔn)確記憶adapt和adopt的拼寫及用法，這兩個(gè)詞在詞匯測(cè)試方面的出現(xiàn)頻率相當(dāng)高。
7.【答案】D
【解析】本題我們可以采用排除法。A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是“小冊(cè)子”的意思，不能同時(shí)成為正確答案，只能選D，checklist的意思是“(核對(duì)用的)一覽表(尤指完整的清單)”。
8.【答案】B
【解析】weigh in with是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“(在討論等中)有把握地提出”。Consider，think和measure都不能和in with搭配，所以答案是B。
9.【答案】A
【解析】這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)相似之處在于它們有相同詞頭“pro”。prolong的意思是“拖延，延長(zhǎng)”，
proceed的意思是“進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)”，program為“設(shè)計(jì)，規(guī)劃”之意，而progress則為“進(jìn)步，發(fā)展”之意。只有prolong的過(guò)去分詞能修飾use，因此只能選擇A。
10.【答案】B
【解析】C，D選項(xiàng)易排除，effusive為“感情橫溢的，流出的”，elective意思是“有選舉權(quán)的，被選任的，可選修的”。A、B選項(xiàng)也是考試高頻詞匯，它們不僅拼寫相似，意思也有相近之處，effective意思是“生效的，有效的”，而efficient是“效率高的，能干的，有效的”之意，法律條文的生效一般用effective，所以選B。
11.【答案】C
【解析】本句主干是“Questions+待選謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”，意思是伴隨著大規(guī)模家畜飼養(yǎng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展出現(xiàn)了許多問(wèn)題。我們先排除raised和posed，因?yàn)樗鼈兣cquestion搭配時(shí)都作及物動(dòng)詞。rise為“升起，增長(zhǎng)”之意，arise的意思是“出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生”，只有arise能作不及物動(dòng)詞和question搭配，因此C為正確答案。
12.【答案】C
【解析】解這道題時(shí)，首先要理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)。逗號(hào)后面的句子應(yīng)為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面整句話，待選詞應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞，據(jù)此可排除what和how，又因?yàn)檫@個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾的不是人，who也被排除。正確答案只能為C.
13.【答案】D
【解析】health是“健康”，life是“生命，生存”，wealth是“財(cái)富”，welfare是“福利”。從上文可以看出，本文討論的是針對(duì)動(dòng)物的福利提出的一些飼養(yǎng)動(dòng)物的規(guī)定，因此D是正確答案。
14.【答案】B
【解析】decide是“決定，使下決心”，determine是“決定，確定，測(cè)定”，prove是“證明，證實(shí)”，test是“試驗(yàn)，測(cè)驗(yàn)”。要填的過(guò)去分詞修飾的是fact，最合適的選項(xiàng)是determined，因此答案是B。
15.【答案】A
【解析】voluntary意思是“自發(fā)的，自愿的”，revolutionary為“革命的”，而preliminary為“預(yù)備的，初步的”，necessary則為“必須的，必需的”。從上文可以看出，這些guidelines(指導(dǎo)原則)是由家畜飼養(yǎng)行業(yè)自發(fā)制定的，而與食品零售行業(yè)和其他行業(yè)共享研究結(jié)果的目的是完善這些指導(dǎo)原則，因此A為正確答案。
16.【答案】B
【解析】express是“表達(dá)，表示”，address是“對(duì)付，處理”，suppress是“壓制，鎮(zhèn)壓”，compress是“壓縮，鎮(zhèn)壓”。express和address能和concerns搭配，但這句話的主語(yǔ)是ARS，不定式短語(yǔ)表示目的，即ARS開(kāi)始實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的，顯然address更合適，所以選B。
17.【答案】A
【解析】大家可用構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)對(duì)詞義進(jìn)行推測(cè)，duly為“適當(dāng)?shù)?rdquo;，那么unduly應(yīng)為“不適當(dāng)?shù)�，過(guò)分地”之意，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)也可依此類推。根據(jù)句子意思判斷，A為正確答案。原句意思是科學(xué)家想通過(guò)研究來(lái)驗(yàn)證現(xiàn)代的飼養(yǎng)方式是否對(duì)家畜形成過(guò)大的壓力。
18.【答案】D
【解析】 performance是“表演，表現(xiàn)”，program是“規(guī)劃，程序”，problem是“問(wèn)題”，practice是“實(shí)踐，行為，做法”。除了區(qū)別四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思之外，細(xì)心的同學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)上句話中practice已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。從上下文中尋找正確答案是做完形填空題非常行之有效的技巧。D是正確答案。
19.【答案】B
【解析】sequential是“連續(xù)的”，initial是“最初的”，essential是“必不可少的”，financial是“金融的”�？崭窈蟠钆涞氖莂nswer，A、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以排除，因此選擇B。
20.【答案】A
【解析】 be independent of是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“不依賴于…”，原句意思是科學(xué)不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移，也就是說(shuō)科學(xué)不依賴于人為因素。正確答案為A。
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