定語從句where的先行詞
非限定性定語從句起補充說明作用，也不會影響全句的理解，譯為漢語時常常不譯作定語，而根據(jù)句意翻譯為相應的其他形式的從句。下面小編帶來的定語從句where的先行詞。
定語從句where的先行詞 篇1
一、where定語從句修飾抽象名詞point
You reach a point wheremedicine can’t help.你已到了藥物無法治療的地步。
The crisis has reached a point wherethe receiver will have to be called in.危機已達到非把破產(chǎn)管理人叫來不可的地步。
We have reached a point wherea change is needed.我們到了必須改一改的地步。
注:有時point也可以是具體的地點:
Let the point whereAB cuts CD be called E.設AB線與CD線的相交點為E。
The accident happened at the point wherethe A15 joins the M1.事故發(fā)生在A15與M1交叉的十字路口。
二、where定語從句修飾抽象名詞case
There are cases wherethe word“mighty”is used as an adverb.在一些情況下，mighty一詞可用作副詞。
Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases wherebeginners of English fail to use the language properly.今天，我們將討論一些英語初學者對英語使用不當?shù)膯栴}。
三、where定語從句修飾抽象名詞activity
Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity wheresight matters more than hearing.那些失聰?shù)某晒ξ璧秆輪T們認為，舞蹈是一種讓人看勝過讓人聽的活動。
四、where定語從句修飾抽象名詞situation
He got into a situation whereit is hard to decide what is right and wrong.他陷入一種難以分辨是非的局面。
If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation whereyou might lose it.你如果拿重要的東西去冒險，那你就是將它置于一種可能會失去它的危險境地。
五、where定語從句修飾抽象名詞position
It’s put me in a position whereI can’t afford to take the job.這使我陷入一種不能接受此工作的境地。
六、where定語從句修飾抽象名詞job
She wants a job whereher management skills can be put to good use.她想找一份能將她的管理技能派上用場的工作。
I don’t want a job whereI’m chained to a desk all day.我不想找一份整天坐在辦公桌前的工作。
【模擬訓練】
01. We’re just trying to reach a point _______ both sides will sitdown together and talk.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
02. She had got to the point ______ she felt that she could nottake any more.
A. what B. when C. where D. which
03. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches thepoint ______ he can walk correctly and safely.
A. when B. where C. which D. that
04. It was so confusing that eventually it got to the point ______no one knew what was going on.
A. when B. that C. which D. where
05. I don’t want a job ______ I’m chained to a desk for eighthours a day.
A. which B. where C. what D. when
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06. Drink-driving is one case ______ severe punishment seemsto work as a deterrent.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
07.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced toreaders_______consumer complains have resulted in changes in thelaw.(2008江西)
A. where B. when C. who D. { A此題是由where引導的限制性定語從句，先行詞為cases，此句意思是“在這一章節(jié)，消費者的抱怨產(chǎn)生的法律上的變化的這一案例及情況將被介紹給讀者”。}
【參考答案】01—06 ACBDBD
1.—Where did you get to know her?
—It was on the farm ___D___ we worked. (山東卷)
A. that B. there C. which D. where
2. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, ___D___they learn simple games and songs. (全國I)
A. then B. there C. while D. where
3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity___D___ sight matters more than hearing. (天津卷)
A. when B. whose C. which D. where
4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ___D___ beginners of
English fail to use the language properly. (陜西卷)
A. which B. as C. why D. where
5. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___D___
she had to decide what to do. (江西卷)
A. that B. what C. which D. where
以上5道題的答案分別是DDDDD，其中前面兩道比較容易，因為它們符合“where引導的定語從句用于修飾表示地點的名詞”這一基本用法。但是，后面3道題則有所不同，因為它們修飾的名詞不是具體的地點名詞，而是一個抽象名詞，即分別是activity, case, point，state，stage, situation，等意指“情況、情形、形勢”時，引導詞常用where或介詞，which。如:We're just trying to reach a point____ both sides will sit down together and talk.(06山東
26.)A. where B. that C. when D. which由于一般的語法書對這一問題很少涉及，所以許多考生對這類考題比較生疏。為幫助同學們熟悉這一語言現(xiàn)象，正確掌握這一知識點，本文擬對where定語從句修飾抽象名詞的用法作一歸納。
用Where引導定語從句,先行詞不一定都表示地點
按照通常的理解,當where引導定語從句時,它的先行詞就是表示地點的名詞,但事實并不是我們想象的那么簡單。很多情況下,where所指代的先行詞并不表示地點。請看以下幾個例句:
1. Remember that the best relationship is one where your lovefor each other is greater than your need for each other.
請記住,最深的感情關(guān)系表現(xiàn)為彼此間的愛超過彼此間的需要。
點評:這里where引導的定語從句修飾先行詞one,也就是relationship (此處one指代的是relationship)。Relationship不是地點名詞,但此處卻用了where來引導,where在這里表示“在這樣的感情關(guān)系下”。從定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)來看,定語從句不缺主語和賓語,引導詞where在從句中充當?shù)氖菭钫Z。
2. Cheating is most likely in situations where the vitalinterests are high and the chances of getting caught are low.
欺詐行為在這種情況下最有可能發(fā)生:利益重大,而且欺詐行為被發(fā)現(xiàn)的可能性小。
點評:句中的先行詞是situations,表示“情形,情況”,引導詞依然用的是where,
表示“在這種情況之下”。這里的定語從句也是不缺主語或賓語的,where在從句中充當?shù)氖菭钫Z。
3. Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower itspopulation to the point where the planet can provide acomfortable support for all, people will have to accept more“unnatural food”.
除非人類能夠意識到要把人口減少到這樣的程度——使地球能為所有人提供足夠的食物,
否則人們將不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。
點評:這里的先行詞是point,表示“某種程度,某種狀況”,引導詞where指代
point,表示“在這種程度之下”。這里定語從句也是不缺主語和賓語的,where在從句中充當?shù)娜匀皇菭钫Z。
定語從句where的先行詞 篇2
定語從句講解：where的用法
關(guān)系副詞where主要用于修飾表地點的名詞，同時它在定語從句中用作地點狀語。如：
This is the village where he was born. 這就是他出生的村子。
That’s the hotel where we were staying last summer. 這就是我們?nèi)ツ晗奶熳〉穆灭^。
Barbary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a bus.巴巴拉在奧伯里工作，每天得坐公共汽車去上班。
與前面when的情況一樣，注意不要一見到先行詞為地點名詞，就以為一定要用關(guān)系副詞where來引導定語從句，同時還要看它在定語從句中充當什么成分——如果在定語從句中用作地點狀語，就用where;如果在定語從句中不是用作地點狀語，而是用作主語或賓語，那就不能用where，而要用that, which等。如：
He works in a factory that [which] makes TV sets. 他在一家電視機廠工作。
【拓展延伸】
定語從句的定義：
被修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語從句不同于單詞作定語的情況，它需要放在被修飾的詞(即先行詞)之后。定語 從句由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞)引導，關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞位于定語從句句首。
關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞所代替的.先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語 從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that you want to see?
他就是你想見的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)[1] He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的那個人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
2) Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換), 例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3)which, that
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未 有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作主語)
The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作賓語)
關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句
關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。
1)when, where, why
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?
2)that代替關(guān)系副詞
that可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which"引導的定語從 句，在口語中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住過的地方。
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