初中英語閱讀理解解題的技巧
一、閱讀理解是考查學(xué)生通過閱讀短文而對(duì)相關(guān)信息的加工情況。解此類題必須掌握兩大技巧：
�。ㄒ唬╅喿x的技巧
1.閱讀時(shí)不要出聲，要養(yǎng)成快速閱讀的好習(xí)慣。
2.閱讀時(shí)不要逐字閱讀，要養(yǎng)成以意群為單位閱讀的好習(xí)慣。
3.學(xué)會(huì)找關(guān)鍵詞、關(guān)鍵句。關(guān)鍵句通常位于段落的開頭或結(jié)尾。
4.學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)生詞的詞義。
�。ǘ┐痤}的技巧
1.通讀全文，了解大意。
2.帶著問題，復(fù)讀原文。
3.理解識(shí)別，推斷歸納。
4.復(fù)核檢查，確保無誤。
二、中考的.閱讀理解測(cè)試點(diǎn)主要分兩大類：
（一）以識(shí)別語篇的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)為主的題目。要求學(xué)生能綜合運(yùn)用語言和通過上下文抓住關(guān)鍵詞句，即抓住事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)。此類題大都可以在短文中直接找到答案，相對(duì)較易。
�。ǘ┮岳斫鉃橹鞯耐茰y(cè)判斷題目。有些題目只靠抓住細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的，需要考生深入理解，進(jìn)行推測(cè)，進(jìn)行判斷。這類題難度較大。
例析：
Babies love chocolate – and sometimes they also eat the paper around it. My cat enjoys a meal of good, thick paper, and letters, for example. She doesn’t like newspapers very much.
Of course, the paper comes from wood. Wood comes from trees, and trees are plants. Vegetables and fruit are plants too, and we eat a lot of them. So can we also eat wood and paper?
Scientists say: “All food comes in some way from plants.” Well, is that true? Animals eat grass and grow fat. Then we eat their meat. Little fish eat sea-plants, then bigger fish swim along and eat the … Chickens eat bits of grass and give us … Think for a minute. What food does not come from plants in some way?
Scientists can do wonderful things with plants. They can make food just like meat and cheese. And they can make it without the help of animals. It is very food too. Now they have begun to say: “We make our paper from wood. We can also make food from wood. The next thing is not very difficult.” What is the next thing? Perhaps it is – food from paper. Scientists say: “We can turn paper into food. It will be good, cheap food too; cheaper than meat or fish or eggs.”
So please keep your old books and letters. (Don’t feed them to your cat.) One day, soon, they will be on your plate. There is nothing like a good story for breakfast.
1. What does the best paper come from?
A. Vegetables. B. Food. C. Plant. D. Wood.
2. From the passage, we can infer that ______ do not come from plants in some way.
A. few kinds of food B. meat and fish C. cheese and chickens D. wood and paper
3. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. All food comes from plants in some way.
B. It will not be long before food can made from paper.
C. Scientists can do wonderful things with plants.
D. Scientists can make food without the help of animals.
4. The writer asks us to keep our old books and letters because ______.
A. they are useful for reading B. they may be used to feed cats
C. we can make food from them soon D. we can read them before meals
5. The best title for the passage is _______.
A. Food from Plants B. Plants, Animals and Food
C. Keep Your Books and Letters D. What Can We Make with Old Paper
分析：此篇短文講述人們的食物都以某種形式來自于植物，將來科學(xué)家們不久會(huì)從紙張中提取食物。
1．可直接從第二段的第一句找到答案。答案：D
2．推論題。關(guān)鍵要注意到A項(xiàng)中few的未加a，表示“否定”的用法，它與后面的do not構(gòu)成雙重否定，意為“”，符合題意。答案：A
3．要抓住短文的中心內(nèi)容。文章開頭講的是紙張，第三段科學(xué)家也講到“所有食物都以某種方式來自于植物”。第四段與此題有關(guān)聯(lián)的句子在第三行和第四行中。實(shí)際上作者已經(jīng)給the next thing做出了正確的判斷。答案：B
4．關(guān)鍵的句子是One day, soon, they will be on your plate.（不久的某一天，你的舊的書籍和信件就會(huì)成為你盤中的食物。）答案：C
5．與3題相關(guān)。答案：D
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