unit 14 友善及禮貌的重要性

　　14-A. The Importance of Being Kind and Polite

　　"Frankly, I think you’re boring.” Why do we seldom hear people speak so honestly? Unless you want to end a relationship, you don't tell another person what you think of her or him like this. Failing to be impressed by a friend's collection of stamps, yawning when a golfer tells you about that great shut he made on the 14th hole, or falling asleep when friends show pictures from their last trip to Sault Ste. Marie are all things that educated people try not to do. This is what manners are about: acting in a civilized way to avoid misunderstanding, friction, and conflict.

　　There are no laws enforcing respect. Yet we cannot interact with others without some rules of behavior, rules that are set by some form of social consensus. These guidelines represent what a majority of people consider acceptable and what they consider unacceptable. Rude people are those whose behavior shows little respect for the rules that the majority follow. For instance, because they talk at home while the television is on, many people think they can talk at movies as well. They are not even aware that this habit will bother the other members of the audience.

　　Restaurants have smoking and non-smoking sections, and most smokers are polite enough to ask, "Do you mind if I smoke?" before lighting up. Restaurants should also have cellular-phone and no-cellular-phone sections. A new class of rude people has been born: the look-at-me phone users whose boring conversations are just as dangerous to our mental health as smoke is to our lungs. Sometimes, it is better to remain unknown than to make pimple hate you.

　　There are many children and adolescents whose behavior is generally unacceptable. They swear no matter who is around them, they listen to their Walkmans while the teacher is talking to them. Indifferent parents who refuse to discipline their children are not helping them. Kids who have no idea what being polite means will pay the price sooner or later. When they join the work force, their employers and associates alike will soon realize that the behavior of these rude young people is closer to that of animals than civilized individuals. When they lose a few contracts because they talk with their mouth full, or when they say "Bob" to someone who should be "Mr. Johnson," these grown-up kids, because of their ignorance, will never understand why others are getting ahead and they are not.

　　Every little bit of kindness helps. With manners, the best rule is the one that works. It is easier to look and sound attractive when we are nice to other people. Being polite and showing respect can give us an edge. Why do we need an edge? Success in life often starts with a job we like, and since getting a job is usually based on making the right impression, it is always a good idea to be kind and polite.

　　【課文譯文】

　　友善及禮貌的重要性

　　“坦率地說(shuō)，我覺(jué)得你很煩人�！睘槭裁次覀兒苌俾牭饺藗冞@樣直率地說(shuō)呢?如果你不想結(jié)束關(guān)系，就不要把你對(duì)對(duì)方的這種看法告訴他。一個(gè)有良好修養(yǎng)的人盡可能避免的事是：對(duì)朋友的集郵藏品漠然視之；當(dāng)一個(gè)高爾夫球手向你談起他在打第14個(gè)洞那漂亮的一桿，而你卻打著哈欠；或當(dāng)朋友給你展示他們最后一次去蘇圣瑪麗旅游時(shí)的照片而你卻睡著了。而所謂的禮貌舉止即用文明的方式來(lái)避免誤解、摩擦和沖突。

　　沒(méi)有任何法律強(qiáng)迫你去尊重別人，但如果我們與人交往，就必須遵守一些行為準(zhǔn)則，并且這些準(zhǔn)則都是由一定形式的社會(huì)公德所確定的。這些準(zhǔn)則代表了大多數(shù)人認(rèn)可或不認(rèn)可的準(zhǔn)則。舉止粗魯?shù)娜司褪悄切┎话凑沾蠖鄶?shù)人所認(rèn)可的準(zhǔn)則行事的人。例如：許多人只因他們?cè)诩铱措娨晻r(shí)講話，就認(rèn)為看電影時(shí)也能講話，他們甚至沒(méi)有意識(shí)到這種習(xí)慣會(huì)干擾別的.觀眾。

　　飯店里有吸煙區(qū)和禁煙區(qū)。大多數(shù)吸煙者在點(diǎn)煙前，都會(huì)禮貌地問(wèn)：“我吸支煙，您不會(huì)介意吧?”飯店也應(yīng)有移動(dòng)電話區(qū)和非移動(dòng)電話區(qū)。由于移動(dòng)電話的使用而產(chǎn)生了一批新型的舉止不雅的人，他們只想著“瞧，咱多神氣!”那些無(wú)聊的談話對(duì)人的心靈，就如同吸煙時(shí)對(duì)肺一樣，危害很大。有時(shí)，保持默默無(wú)聞比讓人恨你要好得多。

　　有許多少年兒童的舉止總體上說(shuō)是難以讓人接受的。他們不管什么人在場(chǎng)總是罵罵咧咧，當(dāng)老師跟他們談話的時(shí)候，他們卻戴著隨身聽。那些對(duì)孩子的行為聽之任之，不加以約束的父母，勢(shì)必會(huì)害了孩子。那些對(duì)禮貌一無(wú)所知的孩子，遲早會(huì)為此付出代價(jià)的。當(dāng)他們參加工作后，老板和同事都會(huì)意識(shí)到他們的行為并非人類文明之舉，而與動(dòng)物之舉相仿。當(dāng)他們因口含食物談話而失去一些合同，或把那個(gè)應(yīng)被稱作“約翰遜先生”的人叫做“鮑勃”時(shí)，那些已長(zhǎng)大成人的孩子，會(huì)因?yàn)樗麄兊臒o(wú)知而永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法理解為什么別人在取得成功，而自己卻不能。

　　任何一點(diǎn)友善都會(huì)有益于人。就禮貌而言，最佳原則便是實(shí)用。當(dāng)我們善待別人時(shí)，我們的表情和聲音才會(huì)對(duì)人產(chǎn)生吸引力。對(duì)人有禮貌，尊重別人，能使我們處于優(yōu)勢(shì)。為什么我們需要優(yōu)勢(shì)呢?生活中的成功往往是從擁有一份自己所喜愛(ài)的工作開始的。而找到一份工作往往依賴于留給別人良好的形象。所以對(duì)人禮貌、友善，總是上策。

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