英語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案,作形式主語真正的主語為后面的不定式,主語系表結(jié)構(gòu)做謂語地點(diǎn)狀語時間狀語,英語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案,三謂語謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀獺
英語句子成分劃分及習(xí)題
英語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案
(一)句子成分的定義:構(gòu)成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語和謂語;次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語和同位語。
(二)主語:主語是一個句子所敘述的主體,一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句(當(dāng)主語不疑問詞時)和倒裝句中,主語位于謂語、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如:
Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名詞)
WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代詞)
One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclaaregirls.(數(shù)詞)
Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)
Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(動名詞)
Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名詞化的形容詞)
WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主語從句)
Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主語,真正的主語為后面的不定式)
(三)謂語:謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語,一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下:
1、簡單謂語:由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。如:Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.
2、復(fù)合謂語:(1)由情態(tài)動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構(gòu)成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系動詞加表語構(gòu)成。如:Wearestudents.
(四)表語:表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動詞(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如:
OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名詞)
Isityours?(代詞)
Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容詞)
Thespeechisexciting.(分詞)
Threetimessevenistwentyone?(數(shù)詞)
HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)
Hishobby(愛好)isplayingfootball.(動名詞)
Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介詞短語)
Timeisup.Theclaisover.(副詞)
Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表語從句)
(五)賓語:賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者,一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。例如:
Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展覽)yesterday.(名詞)
Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代詞)
Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(數(shù)詞)
Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名詞化形容詞)
Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短語)
Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(動名詞短語)
Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(賓語從句)
賓語種類:(1)雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.(2)復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補(bǔ)),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.
(六)賓語補(bǔ)足語:英語中有些及物動詞,除有一個直接賓語以外,還要有一個賓語補(bǔ)語,才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為:某些及物動詞(如make等+賓語+賓補(bǔ))。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當(dāng)。例如:
HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名詞)
Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容詞)
Letthefreshairin.(副詞)
Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短語)
Wesawherenteringtheroom.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介詞短語)
Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(從句)
(七)定語:修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下等成分表示:
Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容詞)
Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分詞)
Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名詞)
HisrapidprogreinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代詞)
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短語)
Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(動名詞)
HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介詞短語)
(八)狀語:修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子,說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語。可由以下形式表示:
Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)
Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介詞短語)
Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短語)
Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分詞短語)
Waitaminute.(名詞)
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(狀語從句)
狀語種類如下:
Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?(時間狀語)
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因狀語)
Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.(條件狀語)
MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地點(diǎn)狀語)
Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式狀語)
Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴隨狀語)
Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的狀語)
Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(結(jié)果狀語)
Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(讓步狀語)
Iamtallerthanheis.(比較狀語)
練習(xí)一
1.Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.
2.Seeingisbelieving
3.AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch
4.Shebecameadoctorin1998
5.Thebooklyingontheflooraremine
6.Suddenlyitbegantorain
7.Tocatchthetrain,Igotupearlyyesterday
8.Ialwaysfindherhappy
9.HewondersifIstillstudyEnglish
10.TheletterwhichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterdaywasafriendofmine
二、選擇填空:
()1.____willleaveforBeijing.
A.NowtherethemanB.Themanherenow
C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow
()2.Theweather____.
A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold
()3.Theappletasted____.
A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet
()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.
A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter
()5.Theactor______attheageof70.
http://emrowgh.com aded
()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.
A.We, http://emrowgh.com ,weC.We,ourD.We,we
()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.
A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly
()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.
A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis
()9.Thedog____mad.
A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked
()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where
練習(xí)一:
1They(主語)areworking(系表結(jié)構(gòu)做謂語)onthefarm(地點(diǎn)狀語)now(時間狀語).
2.Seeing(動詞ing做主語)is(謂語)believing(賓語)
3.Allofus(主語)like(謂語)KobeBryant(賓語)verymuch(程度副詞狀語)
4.She(主語)became(謂語)adoctor(賓語)in1998(時間狀語)
5.Thebook(主語)lyingonthefloor(補(bǔ)語)are(謂語)mine(賓語)
6.Suddenly(狀語)it(形式主語)begantorain(謂語)
7.Tocatchthetrain,(目的狀語)I(主語)gotup(謂語)earlyyesterday(時間狀語)
8.I(主語)alwaysfind(謂語)her(賓語)happy(狀語)
9.He(主語)wonders(謂語)ifI(條件句中的主語)stillstudy(條件句中的謂語)English(條件句中的賓語)整個條件句做主干的賓語
10.Theletter(主語)whichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterday(定語從句)was(謂語)afriendofmine(賓語)二、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB
英語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案
英語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案
(一)句子成分的定義:構(gòu)成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語和謂語;次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語和同位語。
(二)主語:主語是一個句子所敘述的主體,一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句(當(dāng)主語不疑問詞時)和倒裝句中,主語位于謂語、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如:
Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名詞)
WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代詞)
One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclaaregirls.(數(shù)詞)Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)
Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(動名詞)
Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名詞化的形容詞)
WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主語從句)
Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主語,真正的主語為后面的不定式)
(三)謂語:謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語,一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下:
1、簡單謂語:由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。如:Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.
2、復(fù)合謂語:(1)由情態(tài)動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構(gòu)成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.
(2)由系動詞加表語構(gòu)成。如:Wearestudents.
(四)表語:表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動詞(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如:
OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名詞)
Isityours?(代詞)
Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容詞)
Thespeechisexciting.(分詞)
Threetimessevenistwentyone?(數(shù)詞)
HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)
Hishobby(愛好)isplayingfootball.(動名詞)
Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介詞短語)
Timeisup.Theclaisover.(副詞)
Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表語從句)
(五)賓語:賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者,一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。例如:
Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展覽)yesterday.(名詞)
Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代詞)
Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(數(shù)詞)
Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名詞化形容詞)
Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短語)
Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(動名詞短語)
Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(賓語從句)
賓語種類:(1)雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.(2)復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補(bǔ)),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.
(六)賓語補(bǔ)足語:英語中有些及物動詞,除有一個直接賓語以外,還要有一個賓語補(bǔ)語,才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為:某些及物動詞(如make等+賓語+賓補(bǔ))。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當(dāng)。例如:HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名詞)
Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容詞)
Letthefreshairin.(副詞)
Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短語)Wesawherenteringtheroom.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介詞短語)Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(從句)
(七)定語:修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下等成分表示:
Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容詞)
Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分詞)
Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名詞)HisrapidprogreinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代詞)
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短語)
Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(動名詞)HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介詞短語)
(八)狀語:修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子,說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語。可由以下形式表示:
Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)
Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介詞短語)
Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短語)
Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分詞短語)Waitaminute.(名詞)
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(狀語從句)
狀語種類如下:
Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?(時間狀語)
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因狀語)
Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.(條件狀語)
MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地點(diǎn)狀語)
Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式狀語)Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴隨狀語)
Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的狀語)
Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(結(jié)果狀語)Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(讓步狀語)
Iamtallerthanheis.(比較狀語)
練習(xí)一
一、指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分:
1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.
2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.
3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.
4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!
5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.
6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.
7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.
8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.
9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.
10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.
11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.
12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.
13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.
14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?
15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.
16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?
17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.
18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.
19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.
20.Theapplestastedsweet.
二、用符號劃出下列短文各句中的主語(—)、謂語(=)、賓語(~):Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoon
workingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploys
moremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.
三、用符號劃出下列短文各句中的定語(—)、狀語(=)、補(bǔ)語(~):MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.Inyourletteryou
askedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.
四、選擇填空:
()1.____willleaveforBeijing.
A.NowtherethemanB.Themanherenow
C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow
()2.Theweather____.
A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold
()3.Theappletasted____.
A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet
()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.
A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter
()5.Theactor______attheageof70.
http://emrowgh.com aded
()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.
A.We, http://emrowgh.com ,weC.We,ourD.We,we
()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.
A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly
()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.
A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis
()9.Thedog____mad.
A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked
()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where練習(xí)一:
一、1、主語,定語;2、間接賓語;3、謂語,狀語;4、定語;5、狀語,狀語;6、定語,表語;7、賓語,狀語;8、謂語,主語;9、謂語;10、主語,表語;11、謂語,賓語;12、狀語;13、形式賓語,真正賓語;14、賓語、定語;15、插入語,狀語;16、賓語(間賓+直賓);17、狀語,狀語;18、形式主語,表語,賓補(bǔ);19、賓補(bǔ);20、表語
二、略
三、略
四、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB
練習(xí)二:
一、1、簡單句;2、復(fù)合句;3、簡單句;4、簡單句;5、并列句;
6、復(fù)合句;7、并列句;8、復(fù)合句;9、簡單句;10、簡單句二、
Ihopeyouareverywell(復(fù)合句).I'mfine,buttired(簡單句).RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm(并列句).Augustisthehottestmonthhere(簡單句).Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.(并列句)Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors(簡單句).WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat(并列復(fù)合句).Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm(簡單句).Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim(復(fù)合句).Buthe
employsmoremenfortheharvest(簡單句).Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden(簡單句).Itdoesn'toftenraininthe
summerhere(簡單句).Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden(簡單句).Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell(簡單句).Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden(簡單句).
MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime(簡單句).Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy(簡單句).Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside(簡單句).It'sgreat(簡單句)!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion(簡單句).Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer(簡單句).Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty(復(fù)合句).InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates(簡單句).TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates(簡單句).InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime(簡單句).HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina(簡單句)?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep(簡單句).Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents(簡單句).
三、1~5ACADD6~10BCBDC11~15ADBCC16~20ABADB21~25DDDCD26~30ADDBD