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英語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案

英語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案 | 樓主 | 2017-07-04 11:29:10 共有1個(gè)回復(fù)
  1. 1英語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案

作形式主語真正的主語為后面的不定式,七定語修飾名詞或代詞的詞短語或從句稱為定語,三用符號(hào)劃出下列短文各句中的定語狀語補(bǔ)語,作形式主語真正的主語為后面的不定式,七定語修飾名詞或代詞的詞短語或從句稱為定語

英語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案2017-07-04 11:27:34 | #1樓回目錄

英語劃分句子成分

(一)句子成分的定義:構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語和謂語;次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語和同位語。

(二)主語:主語是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體,一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句(當(dāng)主語不疑問詞時(shí))和倒裝句中,主語位于謂語、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如:

Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名詞)WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代詞)One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclaaregirls.(數(shù)詞)Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(動(dòng)名詞)Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名詞化的形容詞)

WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主語從句)

Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主語,真正的主語為后面的不定式)

(三)謂語:謂語說明主語所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語,一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下:

1、簡(jiǎn)單謂語:由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語構(gòu)成。如:Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.

2、復(fù)合謂語:(1)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系動(dòng)詞加表語構(gòu)成。如:Wearestudents.

(四)表語:表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動(dòng)詞(如※以肯定的語氣敘述主語狀態(tài)時(shí),要用系動(dòng)詞be※表示說話人所感知的主語的特征或狀態(tài)時(shí),系動(dòng)詞用look,feel,sound,taste,smell※表示主語狀態(tài)變化時(shí),系動(dòng)詞用become,get,grow,come,turn(若跟名詞不加冠詞),fall(asleep,ill,silent)等,后面大多數(shù)接形容詞作表語。但become,turn亦可接名詞作表語等※表示主語的持續(xù)時(shí),系動(dòng)詞用remain,stay,keep,continue※從印象的角度說明主語所處的狀態(tài)和特征時(shí),系動(dòng)詞用appeartobe(常用于書面),seem(tobe)☆1、其后要求接形容詞,而不是副詞作表語。要特別注意的是有些動(dòng)詞既可以作系動(dòng)詞,又可作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的用法。遇到這種情況時(shí),只能先根據(jù)其意思判斷清楚到底是前者還是后者,然后再對(duì)后面的詞性和詞義作出判斷和選擇。2、這類詞不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。3、系動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)式)。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如:OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名詞)Isityours?(代詞)Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容詞)Thespeechisexciting.(分詞)Threetimessevenistwentyone?(數(shù)詞)HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)Hishobby(愛好)isplayingfootball.(動(dòng)名詞)Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介詞短語)Timeisup.Theclaisover.(副詞)Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表語從句)

(五)賓語:賓語表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承愛者,一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。例如:Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展覽)yesterday.(名詞)

Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代詞)

Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(數(shù)詞)

Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短語)Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.動(dòng)名詞短語)Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(賓語從句)賓語種類:(1)雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語),要求雙賓語(直接賓語和間接賓語)的動(dòng)詞,直接賓語提前,動(dòng)詞后加to或for,現(xiàn)歸納如下。①后面加to的動(dòng)詞:give給tell告訴bring帶來send寄,送hand交給read讀pa遞給return把……還給……lend借給throw扔……給……leave留給promise許諾,答應(yīng)refuse拒絕

②后面加for的動(dòng)詞:get得到make制造,做buy買do做play演奏order命令

sing唱歌pay為……而付錢

(2)復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補(bǔ)),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.

(六)賓語補(bǔ)足語:英語中有些及物動(dòng)詞,除有一個(gè)直接賓語以外,還要有一個(gè)賓語補(bǔ)語,才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為:某些及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)。※賓語+名詞”常用于改結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有:call,name,make,find,choose,think,leave※賓語+形容詞”常見的動(dòng)詞有think,believe,leave,drive,make,keep,turn,wish,want▲“賓語+副詞”!百e語+介詞短語”!百e語+不定式”。充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)的不定式有三種:A要求帶to的不定式B要求不帶to的不定式let,make,have,see,,watch,,lookat,hear,listento,feel等,用不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時(shí),要省去“to”。但用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),還要加上“to等C單詞help后可加to或不加to▲“賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞”see,,watch,,lookat,hear,listento,feel▲“賓語+過去分詞”▲形式賓語+形容詞▲賓語+what從句+※主補(bǔ):對(duì)主語的補(bǔ)充。

例如:HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名詞)Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容詞)Letthefreshairin.(副詞)Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短語)Wesawherenteringtheroom.(現(xiàn)在分詞)Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介詞短語)Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(從句)

(七)定語:修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下等成分表示:Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容詞)

Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分詞)

Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名詞)

HisrapidprogreinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代詞)

Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短語)

Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(動(dòng)名詞)

HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介詞短語)

(八)狀語:修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子,說明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語?捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆篖ighttravelsmostquickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)

Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介詞短語)

Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短語)Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分詞短語)Waitaminute.(名詞)

Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(狀語從句)

簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型口訣

英語句子萬萬千,五大句型把線牽。句型種類為動(dòng)詞,后接什么是關(guān)鍵;vt.又可分三類,單賓雙賓最常見;還有賓語補(bǔ)足語,各種搭配記心間。

注意:帶特殊疑問詞的不定式短語作直接賓語是一種很常用的形式,基本句型是:S+V+O(間接)+疑問詞+不定式

簡(jiǎn)單句的五個(gè)基本句型

主語+不及物動(dòng)詞Shecame./Myheadaches.

主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語ShelikesEnglish.

主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語Sheishappy.

主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語ShegaveJohnabook.

Sheboughtabookforme.

主語+賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)語Shemakeshermotherangry.

Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.

(There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.)

練習(xí)一

一、指出下列句子句子成分:

1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.

3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!

5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.

6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.

8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.

10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.

12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.

14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.

16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.

18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.

20.Theapplestastedsweet.21.Whenyoucroamainroad,youmustbecareful.

22Hewentouttoplayfootballafterhehadfinishedhishomework.

23Waituntilyouarecalled.24Ican'trecognizeyou.Youaresochangedsincelastwemet.25Hedidn'tgotoschooluntilhewaseleven.26.Youcanusemyhouseaslongasyouarecareful.

27.Heissoterribleonceheisdrunk.28IlistentotheradiowhileIwalkeveryevening.

29.Putitwhereyoufoundit.You'llbelate,unleyouhurry.30Ididjustasyoutoldme。

31.Theyaresuchwonderfulplayersthatnoonecanbeatthem.

32.Wearrivedearly, http://emrowgh.com

34.Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhich)hewasborn.

35.Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.

36.Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.

37.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.

38.Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?

39.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.40.It'sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave

41.·Heisyoungbutheworkshard.42..Heworkshard,soheisatopstudentofclass

42.Hurryup,orwe'llbelate.44.Werarelystayinhotels,forwecan’taffordit

45.Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.46.Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.

47.Itshouldbedoneatonce.48.Hewasseentocomein.49.LilywasgivenastickerbyJack

50.Isacarbeingdrivennow?

二、用符號(hào)劃出下列短文各句中的主語(—)、謂語(=)、賓語(~):

Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.

三、用符號(hào)劃出下列短文各句中的定語(—)、狀語(=)、補(bǔ)語(~):

MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.

InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.

四、選擇填空:

()1.____willleaveforBeijing.

A.NowtherethemanB.ThemanherenowC.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow

2.Theweather____.A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold

()3.Theappletasted____.A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet

()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter

()5.Theactor______ http://emrowgh.com aded

()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.

A.We, http://emrowgh.com ,weC.We,ourD.We,we

()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly

()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis

()9.Thedog____mad.A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked

()10.Iwillneverforgettheday____Ijoinedthearmy.A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where1Thatmorningwetalkedagreatdeal.2Themeetingwilllasttwohours.

3Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.

4Thisboxweighsfivekilos.5IlivedinBeijingfiveyearsago.

6Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.7.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.

8Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.9.Jimcannotdrehimself.

10.AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.11.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.

12MrsBrownlooksveryhealthy.13Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.

14Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.15Thereportsoundsinteresting.

15MrJohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear16Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.17Wouldyoupleasepamethedictionary?18Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.

19WecallherAlice.20Allofusconsideredhimhonest.21Theyhavesetthethieffree.22Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.23Heaskedustojoininthegame

24TomorrowI’llhavesomeonerepairthemachine.25EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud..26’llgetmyrecordermended.27Sheislisteningtosomeonetellingstories.28Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.

29Iconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.

30Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclabegins.

Therebe句型

1Thereisn’tgoingtobeameetingtonight.

5Theweathermansaysthere’llbeastrongwindintheafternoon.6

6Thelightison.Theremustbesomeoneiontheoffice.

7Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar.8Therehappenedtobenobodyintheroom.9Once,therelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.10Therecomesthebus.

11Thereremainedjusttwenty-eightdollars.

12Infrontofthecave,therestands(grows)atallpinetree.

13Theregoesthebell.14Therearetwenty-eightdaysinFebruary

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