是一個句子所敘述的主體一般位于句首,作形式主語真正的主語為后面的不定式,簡單謂語由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成,用以說明主語的性質(zhì)特征狀態(tài)與身份它一般位于系動詞如等之后。
句子成分及練習(xí)
句子成分及練習(xí)
(一)句子成分的定義:
構(gòu)成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;
主要成分有主語和謂語;
次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語、同位語和插入語。
二、主語(Subject)
表示句子說的是什么人或什么事.
是一個句子所敘述的主體,一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句(當(dāng)主語不疑問詞時)和倒裝句中,主語位于謂語、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如:
8.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.
(it作形式主語,真正的主語為后面的不定式)
三)謂語
謂語(Predicate)說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語,一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下:
1、簡單謂語:由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。如:
Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.
Theplanetookoffatteno’clock.
2、復(fù)合謂語:
(1)由情態(tài)動詞加動詞原形構(gòu)成。如:
Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.
(2)由助動詞加動詞原形,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞構(gòu)成。如:
DoyouspeakEnglish?
Theyareworkinginafield.
Hehascaughtabadcold.
(3)由系動詞加表語構(gòu)成。如:
Wearestudents.
注意:謂語與主語在人稱與數(shù)方面要保持一致。
四)表語
表語(Predicative)
用以說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)與身份,它一般位于系動詞(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。
表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語及表語從句表示。例如:
1.OurteacherofEnglishisan(名詞)
2.Isit(代詞)
3.Theweatherhasturned(形容詞)
4.Thespeechis(分詞)
5.Threetimessevenis?
(數(shù)詞)
6.Hisjobis(不定式)
7.Hishobbyis.
(動名詞)
8.Themeetingis(介詞短語)
9.Timeis.Theclais(副詞)
10.Thetruthis.
(表語從句)
注意:系動詞(Linkingverb)用于連接主語和表語,說明主語的狀態(tài),性質(zhì)特征和身份等。
1)狀態(tài)系動詞用來表示主語狀態(tài),只有be一詞,例如:
He2)持續(xù)系動詞用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度,主要有keep,remain,stay,lie,stand,例如:
Healwayssilentatmeeting.
3)表像系動詞用來表示“看起來像”這一概念,主要有seem,appear,look,例如:
He(tobe)verysad.
4)感官系動詞主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,例如:
Thiskindofclothverysoft.
5)變化系動詞表示主語變成什么樣,主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.例如:
6)終止系動詞表示主語已終止動作,主要有prove,turnout,表達"結(jié)果是;證明是",之意,例如:
Therumorfalse.
Hisplanasuccess.
五)賓語
賓語(Object)表示動作的對象或承愛者,一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。例如:7.Ithink賓語種類:
(1)雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.
To:write,tell,pass,give,send,promise,show,hand,read,tell,bring,throw等,例如:HesentthenoveltoWilliamyesterday.
For:leave,buy,build,choose,cook,draw,find,get,order,post,save等,例如:
Sheboughtagiftforhermother.
(2)復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補),例如:
Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.
下列動詞只能接不定式做賓語
ask,agree,care,choose,demand,dare,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish,desire等,如:
Herefused下列動詞只能接動名詞做賓語
admit,avoid,advise,consider,enjoy,excuse,escape,finish,imagine,mind,practise,suggest等,如:
Johnhasadmitted.
下列動詞既可接不定式,也可接動名詞做賓語,但意義不同,如mean,try,remember,forget,regret等。
forgettodo表示“未發(fā)生的動作”,forgetdoing表示“已完成的動作”。如:
Don'tforgettocomehereearliertomorrow.(還沒來)
Iforgotreturningthebooktohim.
(書已還給他了)
六)賓語補足語
賓語補足語(ObjectComplement),用于補充說明賓語的動作,一般位于賓語之后,賓語與賓語補足語一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。需接復(fù)合賓語的動詞有:tell,let,help,find,teach,ask,see,hear,have,order,make等!百e補”一般可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當(dāng)。例如:4.Youmustn’七)狀語
修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子,說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語(Adverbial)?捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆9種狀語種類如下:
1.Howaboutmeetingagain?時間
2.Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedanceparty.原因
3.Ishallgothere.條件
4.MrSmithlives地點
5.Sheputtheeggsintothebasket方式
6.Shecamein伴隨,Imustworkharder.目的
7.Hewassotired結(jié)果
8.Sheworksveryhard讓步
9.Iamtaller.比較
九)同位語(Appositive)對前面的名詞或代詞做進一步的解釋,通常由名詞、數(shù)詞、代詞或從句擔(dān)任,如:
ThisisMr.Zhou,(十)插入語(Parenthesis)對一句話做一些附加的解釋,通常有tobehonest,Ithink(suppose,
believe---)等,如:Idon’tquiteagreewithyou.
Exercises:
一.指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分:
二、劃分句子成分
1.weareworking.
2.Icanswimverywell.
3.Thewaiterbroughtabottleofbeertome.
4.Whydoesthewindblow.
5.Therainhasbeenpullingdownforawholeday.
6.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.
7.Jimaskedyoutogivehisbestwishestoeveryone.
8.Youmustgetthecarreadybytomorrow.
9.Ihavealotofclothestowash.
Ihavealotofclothestobewashed.
10.Hegavehissonsomeadviceonreading.
11.Readmethefirstparagraph.
12.I’veorderedsomesoupforyou.
13.HebeganleaningEnglishtenyearsago.
14.Mybeinglateworriedmyteacher.
15.Thatpresidenthimselfwouldvisitourschoolexcitedallofus.
16.April’Dayisthespecialdayoftheyearwhenyouplayajokeonsomeone.
17.Heusuallytakesanapafterlunch,asishishabit.
18.Ifoundthebookinthecorneroftheroom.
19.hefinishedlunchandwentintothegarden.
20.Thetelephonerang.
21.Westudyhard.
22.Hisfathermighthavedied.
23.Willyouleavethedooropenwhengoingout.
24.Canyoumakethedogstandstill?
25.Thelandlordhadthemworkingdayandnight.
26.Ithinkasoundknowledgeofgrammarisimportanttogoodwriting.
27.Weallbreathe,eat,drink.
28.Iwokeupat6:00inthemorning.
29.Thebookweighsfivekilos.
30.TheywillbeflyingtoLondon.
31.Theshopassistantfoundsomecertainmaterialsforme.
32.HepromisedmeanewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.
33.Pleasepaanewly-publishedmagazinetome.
34.HelivedinGuangZhou.
35.Thefatherisshowingtheboyhowtoplanttrees.
36.Hisunclelefthimsomemoney.
37.SheisteachingthepianotoseveralofthevillagechildrenandshehastaughtusEnglishfor3years.
38.Ilikepopularmusic.
39.Sheknowswhattodonext.
40.Itexcitedallofusthatthepresidentwouldvisitourschool.
單項選擇
()1.____willleaveforBeijing.
A.Nowtheretheman
B.Themanherenow
C.Themanwhoisherenow
D.Themanisherenow
()2.Theweather____.
A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcold
()3.Theappletasted____.
A.sweetsB.sweetly
C.nicelyD.sweet
()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.
A.latelyB.late
C.latestD.latter
()5.Theactor______attheageof70.
http://emrowgh.com adB.died
C.dyedD.dying
()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.A.We, http://emrowgh.com ,we
C.We,ourD.We,we
()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.
A.crowdB.crowding
C.crowdedD.crowdedlyC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold
()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.
A.itsB.it
C.thatD.thatis
()9.Thedog____mad.
A.looksB.islooked
C.isbeinglookedD.waslooked
()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.
A.thatB.when
C.inwhich
D.where
句子成分及練習(xí)
句子成分及練習(xí)
(一)句子成分的定義:構(gòu)成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語和謂語;次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語和同位語。
(二)主語:主語是一個句子所敘述的主體,一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句(當(dāng)主語不疑問詞時)和倒裝句中,主語位于謂語、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如:
Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名詞)WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代詞)
One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclaaregirls.(數(shù)詞)
Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)
Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(動名詞)
Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名詞化的形容詞)
WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主語從句)
Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主語,真正的主語為后面的不定式)
(三)謂語:謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語,一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下:
1、簡單謂語:由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。如:Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.
2、復(fù)合謂語:(1)由情態(tài)動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構(gòu)成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系動詞加表語構(gòu)成。如:Wearestudents.
(四)表語:表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動詞(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如:
OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名詞)
Isityours?(代詞)
Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容詞)
Thespeechisexciting.(分詞)
Threetimessevenistwentyone?(數(shù)詞)
HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)
Hishobby(愛好)isplayingfootball.(動名詞)
Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介詞短語)
Timeisup.Theclaisover.(副詞)
Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表語從句)
(五)賓語:賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者,一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。例如:Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展覽)yesterday.(名詞)
Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代詞)
Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(數(shù)詞)
Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名詞化形容詞)
Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短語)
Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(動名詞短語)
Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(賓語從句)
賓語種類:(1)雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.(2)復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.
(六)賓語補足語:英語中有些及物動詞,除有一個直接賓語以外,還要有一個賓語補語,才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為:某些及物動詞(如make等+賓語+賓補)。賓補可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當(dāng)。例如:HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名詞)
Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容詞)
Letthefreshairin.(副詞)
Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短語)
Wesawherenteringtheroom.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介詞短語)
Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(從句)
(七)定語:修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下等成分表示:Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容詞)
Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分詞)
Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名詞)
HisrapidprogreinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代詞)
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短語)
Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(動名詞)
HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介詞短語)
(八)狀語:修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子,說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語?捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆
Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)
Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介詞短語)
Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短語)Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分詞短語)
Waitaminute.(名詞)
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(狀語從句)
狀語種類如下:
Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?(時間狀語)
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因狀語)
Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.(條件狀語)
MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地點狀語)
Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式狀語)
Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴隨狀語)
Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的狀語)
Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(結(jié)果狀語)
Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(讓步狀語)
Iamtallerthanheis.(比較狀語)
句子成分練習(xí)
一、指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分:
1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.
2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.
3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.
4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!
5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.
6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.
7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.
8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.
9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.
10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.
11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.
12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.
13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.
14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?
15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.
16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?
17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.
18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.
19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.
20.Theapplestastedsweet.
二、用符號劃出下列短文各句中的主語(—)、謂語(=)、賓語(~):
Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.
三、用符號劃出下列短文各句中的定語(—)、狀語(=)、補語(~):
MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.
四、選擇填空:
()1.____willleaveforBeijing.
A.NowtherethemanB.Themanherenow
C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow
()2.Theweather____.
A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold
()3.Theappletasted____.
A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet
()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.
A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter
()5.Theactor______attheageof70.
http://emrowgh.com aded
()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.
A.We, http://emrowgh.com ,weC.We,ourD.We,we
()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.
A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly
()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.
A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis
()9.Thedog____mad.
A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked
()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where
句子成分答案
一、1、主語,定語;2、間接賓語;3、謂語,狀語;4、定語;5、狀語,狀語;6、定語,表語;7、賓語,狀語;8、謂語,主語;9、謂語;10、主語,表語;11、謂語,賓語;12、狀語;13、形式賓語,真正賓語;14、賓語、定語;15、插入語,狀語;16、賓語(間賓+直賓);17、狀語,狀語;18、形式主語,表語,賓補;19、賓補;20、表語
二、略
三、略
四、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB
高中英語句子成分講解及配套練習(xí)
句子成分(membersofsentences)
(一)句子成分的定義:構(gòu)成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語和謂語;次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語和同位語。
(二)主語:主語是一個句子所敘述的主體,一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句(當(dāng)主語不是疑問詞時)和倒裝句中,主語位于謂語、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如:
Duringthe1990s,Americanhasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名詞)(代詞)
(數(shù)詞)
(不定式)
doesharmtothehealth.(動名詞)
(名詞化的形容詞)
hasnotbeendecided.(主語從句)
isnecessary(it作形式主語,真正的主語為后面的不定式)
(三)謂語:謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語,一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下:
1、簡單謂語:由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。如:Herunningeverymorning.
2、復(fù)合謂語:(1)由情態(tài)動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構(gòu)成。
如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.
(2)由系動詞加表語構(gòu)成。如:Wearestudents.
(四)表語:表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動詞(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如:
OurteacherofEnglishisan.(名詞)
Isit(代詞)
Theweatherhasturned(形容詞)
Thespeechis
Threetimessevenis(數(shù)詞)
Hisjobis(不定式)
Hishobbyis.(動名詞)
Themachine(介詞短語)
Timeis.Theclais.(副詞)
Thetruthis(表語從句)
(五)賓語:賓語表示動作的對象或承受者,一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。例如:Theywenttoseean(名詞)
Theheavyrainprevented(代詞)
Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihave(數(shù)詞)
Theyhelped(名詞化形容詞)
Hepretended.(不定式短語)
Ienjoy(動名詞短語)
Ithink((賓語從句)
賓語種類:
(1)雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.
(2)復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.
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(六)賓語補足語:英語中有些及物動詞,除有一個直接賓語以外,還要有一個賓語補
足語,才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為:某些及物動詞(如make等+
賓語+賓補)。賓補可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當(dāng)。例如:Hisfathernamedhim.(名詞)
Theypaintedtheirboat(形容詞)
Letthefreshair(副詞)
Youmustn’tforcehim
Wesawher(現(xiàn)在分詞)
Wefoundeverythinginthelab(介詞短語)
Wewillsoonmakeourcity
(七)定語:修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下等成分表示:
Guilinisa(形容詞)
Chinaisacountry;Americaisa(分詞)
Therearethirty(名詞)
rapidprogreinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代詞)
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirst(不定式短語)
Theplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(動名詞)
Heisreadinganarticle(介詞短語)
(八)狀語:修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子,說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語。可由以下形式表示:
Lighttravels(副詞及副詞性詞組)
Hehaslivedinthecity(介詞短語)
Heisproud.(不定式短語)
Heisintheroom
Wait.(名詞)
(狀語從句)
狀語種類如下:
Howaboutmeetingagain?(時間狀語)
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedanceparty.(原因狀語)
Ishallgothere(條件狀語)
MrSmithlives.(地點狀語)
Sheputtheeggsintothebasket.(方式狀語)
Shecamein.(伴隨狀語)
(目的狀語)
Hewassotired(結(jié)果狀語)
Sheworksveryhard(讓步狀語)
Iamtaller(比較狀語)
簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句
(一)句子種類兩種分類法
1、按句子的用途可分四種:
1)陳述句(肯定、否定):Heissixyearsold;Shedidn’thearofyoubefore.
2)疑問句(一般、特殊、選擇、反意):Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Ishesixorseven
yearsold?Marycanswim,can’tshe?
3)祈使句:Becareful,boys;Don’ttalkinclass
4)感嘆句:Howclevertheboyis!
2、按句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可分三種:
1)簡單句:只有一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語(或并列謂語)。
2
e.g.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.TomandMikeareAmericanboys.Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.
2)并列句:由并列連詞(and,but,or等)或分號(;)把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起構(gòu)成。e.g.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.
Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。
3)復(fù)合句:含有一個或一個以上從句的句子。復(fù)合句包含:名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句)、定語從句和狀語從句等。
e.g.TheforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereattheGreatWall.
(二)簡單句的五種基本句型
1、主語+系動詞+表語:e.g.Heisastudent.
2、主語+不及物動詞:e.g.Wework.
3、主語+及物動詞+賓語:e.g.Henryboughtadictionary.
4、主語+及物動詞+雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語):e.g.Myfatherboughtmeacar.
5、主語+及物動詞+復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補):e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.
注:其他各種句子都可由這一種基本句型擴展、變化或省略而構(gòu)成。
一、指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分:
句子成分練習(xí)題
(一).指出下列句中主語的中心詞。
①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.
②Thereisanoldmancominghere.
③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.
④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.
(二)選出句中謂語的中心詞。
①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall
②Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.
A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon
③ http://emrowgh.com insC.haveD.breakfast④Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn'tC.doD.hishomework⑤WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is
(三)挑出下列句中的賓語
①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.
②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.
③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.
④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?
⑤Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.
⑥Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.
(四)挑出下列句中的表語
①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.
②Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.
③Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.
(五)挑出下列句中的定語
①Whatisyourgivenname?
②OnthethirdlapareCla1andCla3.
③Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.
④Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.
(六)挑出下列句中的賓語補足語
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.
②Shefounditdifficulttodothework.
③TheycallmeLilysometimes.
④IsawMrWanggetonthebus.
⑤DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?
(七)挑出下列句中的狀語
①Therewasabigsmileonherface.
②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.
③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.
④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.
⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MiLihurriedoff.
⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.