大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)含時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)虛擬語句等總之很全，譯文簡評(píng)如果這句話不是劃線填內(nèi)容你完全可以將它翻譯成，例如果原子失去一個(gè)或多個(gè)電子我們就說這個(gè)原子帶正電荷，簡評(píng)這句話可以按原文譯成主動(dòng)態(tài)即。
大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯�？季渥訁R總
大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)（含時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，虛擬語句等--總之很全）
大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試CET6中翻譯共有5句話。翻譯分值占卷面總分5％。我們的目標(biāo)是全拿！英語六級(jí)翻譯高分指導(dǎo)及練習(xí)大全系列文章中會(huì)給大家介紹一些翻譯策略和應(yīng)試技巧，相信對(duì)大家做題有所幫助。精品網(wǎng)祝各位朋友們考試順利！
[1]翻譯題的做題策略及練習(xí)
[2]答案和詳解
應(yīng)試技巧
漢語主動(dòng)句譯成英語被動(dòng)句
我們在漢譯英時(shí)，往往也需要把漢語主動(dòng)句譯成被動(dòng)句。這是因?yàn)椋簽榱吮ＷC上下文連貫，使銜接更緊密，句子更自然；或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作承受者；或使語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)、措辭恰當(dāng)。具體轉(zhuǎn)換方法有如下兩種。
1）把漢語主動(dòng)句的賓語譯成英語被動(dòng)句的主語。例1____________（將領(lǐng)你們?nèi)⒂^我們的新車間）bythesecretary.
譯文：Youwillbeshownournewworkshop.簡評(píng)：如果這句話不是劃線填內(nèi)容，你完全可以將它翻譯成Thesecretarywillshowyouournew
workshop。正是因?yàn)轭}型是補(bǔ)全句子，這就給翻譯帶來了一定的難度，你必須去適應(yīng)題型要求而不是讓題型來適應(yīng)你。讓我們看看譯文已給出部分：bythesecretary顯然是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)特征，"秘書"在譯文里已經(jīng)由原來的主語變成了譯文句子的補(bǔ)足成分。所以，題目是暗示我們要把原句中"你們"轉(zhuǎn)換成譯句里的主語，這樣才符合出題要求。
例2You__________（我們期待你能組織貿(mào)易推廣活動(dòng)）thistime.
譯文：areexpectedtoorganizethetradepublicitycampaigns.
Youareexpectedtoorganizethetradepublicitycampaignsthistime.
2）
例3如果原子失去一個(gè)或多個(gè)電子，我們就說這個(gè)原子帶正電荷。
譯文：Ifoneormoreelectronsareremoved，theatomissaid/believed/thoughttobepositivelycharged.例4人們采用各種措施來防止腐蝕。
譯文：Allkindsofmeasuresaretakentopreventcorrosion.
簡評(píng)：這句話可以按原文譯成主動(dòng)態(tài)，即：People
havetakenallkindsofmeasurestopreventcorrosion。也可以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)來翻譯--Allkindsofmeasuresaretakentopreventcorrosion。兩者比較而言，被動(dòng)態(tài)譯文更突出表明所有、種種措施已經(jīng)付諸實(shí)施，allkindsofmeasures得到強(qiáng)調(diào)，而主動(dòng)態(tài)譯法只是平鋪直敘，重點(diǎn)不突出。
此外，漢語句子中有"據(jù)說"、"據(jù)了解"、"據(jù)報(bào)道"、"據(jù)估計(jì)"、"據(jù)傳言"等詞語時(shí)，可以酌情譯成相應(yīng)的英語被動(dòng)句，如：Itissupposedthat（據(jù)推測......），Itissaidthat（據(jù)說......），Itisestimatedthat（據(jù)估計(jì)......），Itiscalculatedthat（預(yù)計(jì)......），Itisreportedthat（據(jù)報(bào)道......），Itissuggestedthat（有人建議），Itisstressedthat（有人強(qiáng)調(diào)......），Itisthoughtthat（有人認(rèn)為......），Itisconsideredthat（有人認(rèn)為......），Itisexpectedthat（據(jù)期望......），Itiswellknownthat（眾所周知......），Itmustbeadmittedthat（必須承認(rèn)......），Itmustbepointedoutthat（必須指出......），Itisunderstoodthat（誰都知道......），Itmaybesafetysaidthat（可以有把握地說......）等。
例5據(jù)了解，這個(gè)地區(qū)有豐富的自然資源。譯文：Theareaisknowntoberichinnaturalresources.
例6眾所周知，自然光其實(shí)是由許多種顏色構(gòu)成。譯文：Itiswellknownthatnaturallightisactuallymadeupofmanycolors.
ExerciseTen
1.AdoghaswonaGermangovernmentawardforhelpingpolicepersuadeawomannottocommitsuicide_（因協(xié)助警方勸阻一名婦女自殺）.
2.Themanagerpointsoutthatourworkisprogressingsatisfactorily
（我們的工作進(jìn)展令人滿意）.
3.Thishouseneedsmodernizing__（這棟房子需要現(xiàn)代化）：ithasnobathroomorelectricity.
4.Whentheplaneistotakeoff
_（飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候起飛）hasnotbeenannounced.
5.Hisideais_thattheplanshouldbecarriedoutimmediately（應(yīng)該立即執(zhí)行計(jì)劃）.
答案解析：
"執(zhí)行計(jì)劃"在英語里可以用carryouttheplan，performtheplan，implementtheplan來表示。
二、漢譯英專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
一、倍數(shù)增減的表示法
1)ForceN1___is2.5timesgreaterthan
ForceN2
____________(比力N2大2.5倍).
2)Thissubstance_____reactsthreetimesasfastastheotherone
__________(反應(yīng)速度是另外那種物質(zhì)的三倍).
3)Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon(是月球大小的49倍).
4)Thelandlordwantstoraisetherentbyathird(想將租金提高三分之一).
5)Theyplantodoubletheirinvestment(計(jì)劃將投資增加一倍).
二、時(shí)態(tài)
1)Bequick,ortheweddingwillhavefinishedbythetimewegettothechurch
(否則等我們到達(dá)教堂時(shí)婚禮就已經(jīng)結(jié)束了).
2)Whenshegothome,thechildrenhadfallenasleep(孩子們已經(jīng)睡著了).
3)WhenIprepareforthecollegeentranceexamination,mysisterwillbetakinghervacationattheseaside
(我姐姐將在海邊度假).
4)I_havebeenrevisingmyresumeallthemorning
______________(一上午都在修改我的簡歷).
5)Doyouoftengoonholiday?No.IthasbeenfiveyearssinceIwentonholiday(不，我已經(jīng)有五年沒有度假了).
6)HejoinedthearmyinOctober,2001.Hehasbeeninthearmyfor5years(他參軍已五年了).
三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)
1)Theblackboardandchalkisbeingreplacedbythecomputerandtheprojector(正在被電腦和投影機(jī)所取代).
2)Thebookwillhavebeenpublishedbytheendofthisyear
(到今年年底就將已出版).
3)Computermodelscanbeusedtodemonstratethewaythatcellswork(可以用來演示細(xì)胞工作的方式).
4)Whenthebilloffarewasbrought,Iwasstartled,forthepriceswereagreatdeal
higherthanIhadanticipated
(我驚呆了，價(jià)格大大超出了我的預(yù)料).
5)Effectivemeasuresmustbetakenimmediately
(必須立即采取有效措施)toeliminatesandystorms.
四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
1)Thephoneisringing,butthereisnoanswer.Shecan’tbeathome
(但是沒人接聽。她一定不在家).
2)Ican’tfindmysunglasses.Imayhavelefttheminthecoffeeshopyesterday(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).
3)Youscreamedinyoursleeplastnight.Youmusthavedreamedofsomethingterrible(你一定夢見什么可怕的東西了).
4)It’sapity.Youshouldhaveinvitedhertoyourgraduationceremony
(你本應(yīng)該邀請(qǐng)她來參加你的畢業(yè)典禮的).
5)Ineedn’thaveputonmybestsuittogototheparty
(其實(shí)我沒必要穿上我最好的套裝去參加那
次聚會(huì)的);mostoftheguestswerewearingjeansandsweaters.
五、虛擬語氣
1)IwishIhadhadyouropportunitieswhenIwasyoung
(我年輕的時(shí)候有你們這樣的機(jī)會(huì)).
2)Ifonlyhehadknownthisdiseaseiscurable
(他知道這病是可以治好的)!Thenhewouldnothavekilledhimself.
3)——Wouldyoulikehimtopaintyourdoorwithyellowstars?
——I’dratherhepainteditblue,andwithoutanydecorations
(漆成藍(lán)色的，而且不帶任何裝飾).
4)It’shightimethatmeasuresweretakentosolvetheproblemoftrafficjams(采取措施解決交通堵塞的問題).
5)Hughusuallytalksasthoughheweredeliveringaspeechatanassembly
(仿佛在大會(huì)上發(fā)表演說似的).
6)Weinsistthat__Jack(should)besent
tohospitalrightnow
_____________(讓杰克立刻進(jìn)醫(yī)院).
7)Itwasadvisedthatmoremobileshops(should)besetupintheresidentialarea(在居民區(qū)設(shè)立更多的流動(dòng)商店).
8)Hisproposalwasthatthey(should)setupaspecialboard/committeetoexaminethisproblem
(他們成立一個(gè)專門委員會(huì)來檢查這個(gè)問題).
9)Wearegoingtodiscuhissuggestionthatthemid-termexams(should)becanceled(取消期中考試).
10)Itisridiculousthatwe(should)beshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining
(我們在一個(gè)總是下雨的國家還缺水).
11)Itisessentialthateveryone(should)bepreparedforemergency
(每個(gè)人都為緊急情況做好準(zhǔn)備).
12)IfhehadbookedticketsinthewayItoldhim
(如果他按照我告訴他的辦法訂票),wewouldhavehadquiteacomfortablejourney.
13)IwastohavemadeaspeechifIhadnotbeeninterrupted(要不是有人把我的話打斷了).
14)Itdidn’trainlastnight.Ifithadrained,thegroundwouldbewet
(要是下了，地就會(huì)濕的).
15)IfIhadbeenlivinginNewYork(如果我一直住在紐約),IwouldknowtheU.S.wellnow.
16)Ifthedoctorhadnotcomeintime,hewouldbedeadnow(他現(xiàn)在就不在人間了).
17)Butforhishelp,wecouldnothaverentahouseatsuchalowprice
(我們就不會(huì)以這么低的價(jià)格租到房子了).
18)Iusedmycalculator;otherwise,itwouldhavetakenmemoretimetoworkoutthisquestion
(否則，我會(huì)花更長的時(shí)間才能算出這道題).
19)WereIinyourplace,Iwouldseizetheopportunitywithouthesitation
(我會(huì)毫不猶豫地抓住機(jī)會(huì)).
20)Haditnotbeenfortheiropposition,thisactwouldhavebeenpassedmuchearlier(這項(xiàng)法案早就通過了).
21)Shouldtherebeanotherworldwar,thecontinuedexistenceofthehumanracewouldbeinjeopardy
(人類的繼續(xù)存在就會(huì)有危險(xiǎn)).
22)Hewalkedlightlylestheshouldawakenthebaby
(以免驚醒嬰兒).
六、不定式
1)Itwasagreatachievementtocompletea24-storybuildingin10months
(10個(gè)月建成一棟24層的樓).
2)Itisnecessaryforustohaveagoodnight’ssleepbeforethetest
(我們在考試前好好地睡一晚上覺).
3)Itisgenerousofyoutodonatesomuchmoneytothepeopleinthedisasterarea(你把這么多錢捐給災(zāi)區(qū)人民).
4)Theteacherdecidednottopunish
thosestudentswhohadbeenlateforclass(不懲罰那些上課遲到的學(xué)生).
5)Mr.GreenwaswonderingwhethertovisittheirsoninFrance(是否去看望在法國的兒子).
6)Thegardenerwarnedmejustnownottowaterflowersatnoon
(剛才警告我不要在中午給花澆水).
7)Weinvitedhimtogiveusalectureonmodernart(請(qǐng)他給我們做有關(guān)現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的講座).
8)Hefeelsitchallengingtobethechairmanofstudents’unioninsolargeauniversity(在這么大一所大學(xué)做學(xué)生會(huì)主席).
9)Wehopetohavemoreopportunitiestoapplywhatwehavelearnedinclatopractice(把我們在課堂上學(xué)到的東西應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐).
10)Thebadweatherruinedourplantoshowthefilmintheopenair
(破壞了我們在露天放電影的計(jì)劃).
11)Theenvironmentalistsareagainstthe
decisiontobuildanuclearpowerstationinthesuburbs
(在郊區(qū)建一座核電站的決定).
12)SallyRidewasthefirstAmericanwomantoexploretheouterspace
(探索外部空間的美國婦女).
13)Theyliftedarockonlytodropitontheirownfeet(結(jié)果砸了自己的腳).
14)Hewassurprisedtomeetahighschoolclassmateinthemountainvillage(在這個(gè)山村遇見一個(gè)中學(xué)同學(xué)).
15)Iamsorrytohavetakenupsomuchofyourtime
(占用了您這么多時(shí)間).
16)Ihappenedtobestandinginthedoorwaywhenherushedin
(在他沖進(jìn)來的時(shí)候站在門口).
17)Shedoesn’tliketobetreatedasaguest(被當(dāng)作客人).
18)Ifyouwanttosavemoney,you’dbettergotothecampusbookstoretobuyusedbooks
(到校園書店買舊書).
19)Wedidnothingbutplaybridgethewholeday
(除了整天打橋牌).
20)Weweremadetowipeourfeetonthematbeforegoingintotheroom
(進(jìn)屋之前在墊子上擦擦腳).
七、分詞
1)ThisisthefirsttimethatIheard“Happybirthdaytoyou”sunginItalian(用意大利語唱“祝你生日快樂”).
2)Thecarsparkedinthefirelane______________(停在消防通道的)willbeticketed.
3)Thewarwentonforyears,killingthousandsuponthousandsofpeople(奪去了成千上萬人的生命).
4)Thefarmersusedanewinsecticide,thusraisingtheaverageyieldby15percent(將平均產(chǎn)量提高了15%).
5)Einsteinwatchedthetoyindelight,tryingtodeduceitsoperatingprinciple(想推
導(dǎo)出它的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)原理).
6)Seeingthateveryonewasbendingoverhis/herbook(看到大家都在聚精會(huì)神地看書),westoppedtalkingandbegantostudy.
7)Deeplymovedbytheboy’sdeeds(被這個(gè)男孩的事跡深深打動(dòng)了),theydecidedtopayforhiseducation.
8)Seenfromtheeyesofayoungfriend(從一個(gè)年輕朋友的眼光來看),Einsteinwasasimple,modestandordinaryman.
9)Nothavingheardfromhisparentsforalongtime(好久沒有收到父母的來信了),hewasworriedaboutthem.
八、動(dòng)名詞
1)Takingacoldbatheveryday(每天洗冷水澡)doeshimalotofgood.
2)Theytriedtoavoidmakingtheirdaughterdowhatshedidn’tliketodo(讓女兒做她不喜歡的事情).
3)Developingvarietiesisthekeytogettingourgoodsintotheinternationalmarket(使我們的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入國際市場).
4)Itisnousecryingoverspilledmilk(為灑了的牛奶而哭泣).
5)Hedeniedhavingpeekedathisneighbor’stestpaper
______________(偷看了同桌的試卷).
6)Wecongratulatedheronbeingpromotedtomanager(被提升為經(jīng)理).
九、非謂語動(dòng)詞用法區(qū)別
1)Succemeansworkingveryhard.(非常努力地工作).
2)Johnmeanttodrivethere,buthiscarbrokedown(開車去那兒，但他的車出了故障).
3)Iheardhimtalkingtohismother(在跟他的母親談話).
4)Iheardhimtalktohismotherforanhour(跟他的母親談了一個(gè)小時(shí)).
5)Hejumpedintothepooltosavethechildonlytobreakhisownleg(結(jié)果卻摔斷了自己的腿).
6)Hejumpedfromtheburninghouse,_breakinghislegs______________(摔斷了雙
腿).
7)Hewashappytoseehisparentsingoodhealth(看到父母很健康).
8)Seeinghisparentssafeandsound(看到父母安然無恙),heissuedasighofrelief.
9)Followingitsfootprints(跟隨著它的腳印),thezoologistsspottedthehungrypanda.
10)Thepop,followedbytwobodyguards(后面跟著兩個(gè)保鏢),cametomeethisfans.
十、名詞從句
1)WhytheylefttheirhometownforYunnan
(他們?yōu)槭裁措x開家鄉(xiāng)去云南)isstillasecret.
2)Whatconfusedmemost(最讓我不解的)wasthathespokeEnglishsowell.
3)Thatthiswasdoneonpurpose(這么做是故意的)becameobvious.
4)Itisnotclearyetwhoshouldberesponsibleforthismatter
(誰應(yīng)該為這件事負(fù)責(zé)).
5)ItisnoneofyourbusinewhomMaryisengagedto(瑪麗與誰訂婚).
6)Don’tputofftilltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday(今天能做的事).
7)ThisnovelisjustwhatIhavebeenlookingfor(我一直在尋找的).
8)Itisnotyetknownwhether/ifrobotswillonedayhavevisionasgoodashumanvision
(機(jī)器人是否有一天能擁有象人一樣的視力).
9)Whethershelikesthepresent(她是否喜歡那個(gè)禮物)isnotcleartome.
10)MymainproblemrightnowiswhetherIshouldaskforanotherloan(我是否應(yīng)該請(qǐng)求另一筆貸款).
11)Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus(他們是否會(huì)支持我們).
12)YouhaveyettoanswermyquestionwhetherIcancountonyourvote(我是否可以指望你的投票).
13)Finally,theworkersgotananswerthattheGovernmentcoulddonothingtoraisetheirwages(政府做不了什么事來提高他們工資).
14)Obviously,therewaslittlecertaintythatthechairmanwouldagreetothisproposal(主席會(huì)同意他的提議).
十一、定語從句
1)EverydaymanytouristscometovisitthehousewhereLuXunwasborn(魯迅出生的那棟房子).
2)Theoldladydiedonthedaywhenhissonarrived(在她兒子到達(dá)的那天).
3)ThisisthereasonwhyIaminfavorofthisreform
(我贊成這一改革的理由).
4)LetABCbeatrianglewhosethreesidesareofunequallength
(一個(gè)三邊不等長的三角形).
5)Someoftheroadswereflooded,(這使我們的旅程更為艱難).
6)Heintroducedmetohisstudents,most
ofwhomwereEnglishmajors(他們大部分是英語專業(yè)的學(xué)生).
7)Asisknowntoall(眾所周知),waterisaliquid.
十二、狀語從句
1)Whateverwetalkabout(不管我們談?wù)撌裁?,Jimbringspolitiesintothediscussion.
2)Whicheversidewins(不管哪一方獲勝),Ishallbesatisfied.
3)Howeverhardsomepeopleintheaudiencetriedtoupsethim
(不管觀眾中的一些人如何使勁地難為他),thecomedianalwayshadaquick,sharpreply.
4)Weclimbedhighsothatwemightgetabetterview(這樣我們就可以看到更好的風(fēng)景).
5)Theproblemsoverycomplicatedthatittookusnearlytwoweekstosolveit(花了我們兩個(gè)周才解決).
6)Youcangooutaslongasyoupromisetobebackbefore11atnight
(只要你答應(yīng)晚上11點(diǎn)以前回來).
7)Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday(仿佛是昨天發(fā)生的).十三、比較級(jí)最高級(jí)
1)Doesshedanceasgracefullyashersister(跟她姐姐一樣地優(yōu)美)?
2)ThebuildingslookfaruglierinLondonthanhere(在倫敦比在這兒難看得多).
3)Thisisoneofthebestpicturesthathehaseverpainted(他畫的最好的畫之一).
4)Thehigheryouclimb,thethinnertheairbecomes(空氣就越稀薄).
十四、倒裝句
1)Scarcelyhadshefallenasleepwhenaknockatthedoorawakenedher
(一陣敲門聲就把她吵醒).
2)NosoonerhadAnnearrived_thanshefellill______________(就生病了).
3)Thehusbandwasnothospitabletothevisitor.Nordidthewifesayawordofwelcome.
他妻子也沒說一句歡迎的話).
4)Onlythendidthedoctorrealizethathispatientneededsurgery(那個(gè)醫(yī)生才意識(shí)到他的病人需要手術(shù)).
5)Onlywhenyouadjustdownyourpricecanweconcludethebusiness(我們才能做成這筆買賣).
十五、強(qiáng)調(diào)句
1)ItwasJeffersonwhowrote(正是Jefferson寫下了)theDeclarationofIndependence.
2)Itiswithgenuinefeelingthattheauthor(作者是帶著真摯的情感)praisesallthatisprogressive.
3)Itwasbecausethewaterhadrisen(正是因?yàn)樗疂q了)wecouldnotcrotheriver.
4)ItwasJim,theheartlefellow,whowasheard(人們聽見正是Jim這個(gè)無情的家伙)shoutingathismotherinthedeadofnight.
5)ItwasnotuntilItoldherthat(直到我告訴她)Mrs.Williamsknewanything
aboutit.
大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯常考句子匯總
本文由王全豹貢獻(xiàn)
doc文檔可能在WAP端瀏覽體驗(yàn)不佳。建議您優(yōu)先選擇TXT，或下載源文件到本機(jī)查看。大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)（含時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，虛擬語句等--總之很全）
大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試CET6中翻譯共有5句話。翻譯分值占卷面總分5％。我們的目標(biāo)是全拿！英語六級(jí)翻譯高分指導(dǎo)及練習(xí)大全系列文章中會(huì)給大家介紹一些翻譯策略和應(yīng)試技巧，相信對(duì)大家做題有所幫助。精品網(wǎng)祝各位朋友們考試順利！[1]翻譯題的做題策略及練習(xí)[2]答案和詳解應(yīng)試技巧漢語主動(dòng)句譯成英語被動(dòng)句我們在漢譯英時(shí)，往往也需要把漢語主動(dòng)句譯成被動(dòng)句。這是因?yàn)椋簽榱吮ＷC上下文連貫，使銜接更緊密，句子更自然；或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作承受者；或使語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)、措辭恰當(dāng)。具體轉(zhuǎn)換方法有如下兩種。1）把漢語主動(dòng)句的賓語譯成英語被動(dòng)句的主語。例1（將領(lǐng)你們?nèi)⒂^我們的新車間）bythesecretary.譯文：Youwillbeshownournewworkshop.簡評(píng)：如果這句話不是劃線填內(nèi)容，你完全可以將它翻譯成Thesecretarywillshowyouournew
workshop。正是因?yàn)轭}型是補(bǔ)全句子，這就給翻譯帶來了一定的難度，你必須去適應(yīng)題型要求而不是讓題型來適應(yīng)你。讓我們看看譯文已給出部分：bythesecretary顯然是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)特征，"秘書"在譯文里已經(jīng)由原來的主語變成了譯文句子的補(bǔ)足成分。所以，題目是暗示我們要把原句中"你們"轉(zhuǎn)換成譯句里的主語，這樣才符合出題要求。例2You（我們期待你能組織貿(mào)易推廣活動(dòng)）thistime.譯文：areexpectedtoorganizethetradepublicitycampaigns.Youareexpectedtoorganizethetradepublicitycampaignsthistime.2）例3如果原子失去一個(gè)或多個(gè)電子，我們就說這個(gè)原子帶正電荷。譯文：Ifoneormoreelectronsareremoved，theatomissaid/believed/thoughttobepositivelycharged.例4人們采用各種措施來防止腐蝕。譯文：Allkindsofmeasuresaretakentopreventcorrosion.簡評(píng)：這句話可以按原文譯成主動(dòng)態(tài)，即：People
havetakenallkindsofmeasurestopreventcorrosion。也可以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)來翻譯--Allkindsofmeasuresaretakentopreventcorrosion。兩者比較而言，被動(dòng)態(tài)譯文更突出表明所有、種種措施已經(jīng)付諸實(shí)施，kindsofallmeasures得到強(qiáng)調(diào)，而主動(dòng)態(tài)譯法只是平鋪直敘，重點(diǎn)不突出。此外，漢語句子中有"據(jù)說"、"據(jù)了解"、"據(jù)報(bào)道"、"據(jù)估計(jì)"、"據(jù)傳言"等詞語時(shí)，可以酌情譯成相應(yīng)的英語被動(dòng)句，如：Itissupposedthat（據(jù)推測）is，Itsaidthat據(jù)說）Itisestimatedthat據(jù)估計(jì)）（，（，Itiscalculatedthat（預(yù)計(jì)）isreportedthat（據(jù)報(bào)，It道）issuggestedthat（有人建議）isstressed，It，Itthat有人強(qiáng)調(diào)）Itisthoughtthat有人認(rèn)為）（，（，Itisconsideredthat（有人認(rèn)為）isexpectedthat，It（據(jù)期望）iswellknownthat（眾所周知），It，Itmustbeadmittedthat（必須承認(rèn)），Itmustbepointedoutthat（必須指出），Itisunderstoodthat（誰都知道）maybesafetysaidthat（可以有把，It握地說）等。例5據(jù)了解，這個(gè)地區(qū)有豐富的自然資源。譯文：Theareaisknowntoberichinnaturalresources.
例6眾所周知，自然光其實(shí)是由許多種顏色構(gòu)成。譯文：Itiswellknownthatnaturallightisactuallymadeupofmanycolors.ExerciseTen1.AdoghaswonaGermangovernmentawardforhelpingpolicepersuadeawomannottocommitsuicide_（因協(xié)助警方勸阻一名婦女自殺）.2.Themanagerpointsoutthatourworkisprogressingsatisfactorily（我們的工作進(jìn)展令人滿意）.3.Thishouseneedsmodernizing__（這棟房子需要現(xiàn)代化）hasnobathroomorelectricity.：it4.Whentheplaneistotakeoff_（飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候起飛）hasnotbeenannounced.5.Hisideais_thattheplanshouldbecarriedoutimmediately答案解析：答案解析："執(zhí)行計(jì)劃"在英語里可以用carryout
theplan，performtheplan，implementtheplan來表示。（應(yīng)該立即執(zhí)行計(jì)劃）.
二、漢譯英專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、倍數(shù)增減的表示法1)ForceN1is2.5timesgreaterthanForceN2(比力N2大2.5倍).2)Thissubstancereactsthreetimesasfastastheotherone(反應(yīng)速度是另外那種物質(zhì)的三倍).3)Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon(是月球大小的49倍).4)Thelandlordwantstoraisetherentbyathird(想將租金提高三分之一).5)Theyplantodoubletheirinvestment(計(jì)劃將投資增加一倍).二、時(shí)態(tài)1)Bequick,ortheweddingwillhavefinishedbythetimewegettothechurch(否則等我們到達(dá)教堂時(shí)婚禮就已經(jīng)結(jié)束了).2)Whenshegothome,thechildrenhadfallenasleep(孩子們已經(jīng)睡著了).3)WhenIprepareforthecollegeentranceexamination,mysisterwillbetakinghervacationattheseaside
(我姐姐將在海邊度假).4)I_havebeenrevisingmyresumeallthemorning(一上午都在修改我的簡歷).5)Doyouoftengoonholiday?No.IthasbeenfiveyearssinceIwentonholiday(不，我已經(jīng)有五年沒有度假了).6)HejoinedthearmyinOctober,2001.Hehasbeeninthearmyfor5years(他參軍已五年了).三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)1)Theblackboardandchalkisbeingreplacedbythecomputerandtheprojector(正在被電腦和投影機(jī)所取代).2)Thebookwillhavebeenpublishedbytheendofthisyear(到今年年底就將已出版).3)Computermodelscanbeusedtodemonstratethewaythatcellswork(可以用來演示細(xì)胞工作的方式).4)Whenthebilloffarewasbrought,Iwasstartled,forthepriceswereagreatdeal
higherthanIhadanticipated(我驚呆了，價(jià)格大大超出了我的預(yù)料).5)Effectivemeasuresmustbetakenimmediately(必須立即采取有效措施)toeliminatesandystorms.
四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1)Thephoneisringing,butthereisnoanswer.Shecan’tbeathome(但是沒人接聽。她一定不在家).2)Ican’tfindmysunglasses.Imayhavelefttheminthecoffeeshopyesterday(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).3)Youscreamedinyoursleeplastnight.Youmusthavedreamedofsomethingterrible(你一定夢見什么可怕的東西了).4)It’sapity.Youshouldhaveinvitedhertoyourgraduationceremony(你本應(yīng)該邀請(qǐng)她來參加你的畢業(yè)典禮的).5)Ineedn’thaveputonmybestsuittogototheparty(其實(shí)我沒必要穿上我最好的套裝去參加那
次聚會(huì)的);mostoftheguestswerewearingjeansandsweaters.五、虛擬語氣1)IwishIhadhadyouropportunitieswhenIwasyoung(我年輕的時(shí)候有你們這樣的機(jī)會(huì)).2)Ifonlyhehadknownthisdiseaseiscurable(他知道這病是可以治好的)!Thenhewouldnothavekilledhimself.3)——Wouldyoulikehimtopaintyourdoorwithyellowstars?——I’dratherhepainteditblue,andwithoutanydecorations(漆成藍(lán)色的，而且不帶任何裝飾).4)It’shightimethatmeasuresweretakentosolvetheproblemoftrafficjams(采取措施解決交通堵塞的問題).5)Hughusuallytalksasthoughheweredeliveringaspeechatanassembly(仿佛在大會(huì)上發(fā)表演說似的).6)Weinsistthat__Jack(should)besent
tohospitalrightnow(讓杰克立刻進(jìn)醫(yī)院).7)Itwasadvisedthatmoremobileshops(should)besetupintheresidentialarea(在居民區(qū)設(shè)立更多的流動(dòng)商店).8)Hisproposalwasthatthey(should)setupaspecialboard/committeetoexaminethisproblem(他們成立一個(gè)專門委員會(huì)來檢查這個(gè)問題).9)Wearegoingtodiscuhissuggestionthatthemid-termexams(should)becanceled(取消期中考試).10)Itisridiculousthatwe(should)beshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining(我們在一個(gè)總是下雨的國家還缺水).11)Itisessentialthateveryone(should)be
preparedforemergency(每個(gè)人都為緊急情況做好準(zhǔn)備).12)IfhehadbookedticketsinthewayItoldhim
(如果他按照我告訴他的辦法訂票),wewouldhavehadquiteacomfortablejourney.13)IwastohavemadeaspeechifIhadnotbeeninterrupted(要不是有人把我的話打斷了).14)Itdidn’trainlastnight.Ifithadrained,thegroundwouldbewet(要是下了，地就會(huì)濕的).15)IfIhadbeenlivinginNewYork(如果我一直住在紐約),IwouldknowtheU.S.wellnow.16)Ifthedoctorhadnotcomeintime,hewouldbedeadnow(他現(xiàn)在就不在人間了).17)Butforhishelp,wecouldnothaverentahouseatsuchalowprice(我們就不會(huì)以這么低的價(jià)格租到房子了).18)Iusedmycalculator;otherwise,itwouldhavetakenmemoretimetoworkoutthisquestion(否則，我會(huì)花更長的時(shí)間才能算出這道題).19)WereIinyourplace,Iwouldseizetheopportunitywithouthesitation
(我會(huì)毫不猶豫地抓住機(jī)會(huì)).20)Haditnotbeenfortheiropposition,thisactwouldhavebeenpassedmuchearlier(這項(xiàng)法案早就通過了).21)Shouldtherebeanotherworldwar,thecontinuedexistenceofthehumanracewouldbeinjeopardy(人類的繼續(xù)存在就會(huì)有危險(xiǎn)).22)Hewalkedlightlylestheshouldawakenthebaby(以免驚醒嬰兒).六、不定式1)Itwasagreatachievementtocompletea24-storybuildingin10months(10個(gè)月建成一棟24層的樓).2)Itisnecessaryforustohaveagoodnight’ssleepbeforethetest(我們在考試前好好地睡一晚上覺).3)Itisgenerousofyoutodonatesomuchmoneytothepeopleinthedisasterarea(你把這么多錢捐給災(zāi)區(qū)人民).4)Theteacherdecidednottopunish
thosestudentswhohadbeenlateforcla(不懲罰那些上課遲到的學(xué)生).5)Mr.GreenwaswonderingwhethertovisittheirsoninFrance(是否去看望在法國的兒子).
6)Thegardenerwarnedmejustnownottowaterflowersatnoon(剛才警告我不要在中午給花澆水).7)Weinvitedhimtogiveusalectureonmodernart(請(qǐng)他給我們做有關(guān)現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的講座).8)Hefeelsitchallengingtobethechairmanofstudents’unioninsolargeauniversity(在這么大一所大學(xué)做學(xué)生會(huì)主席).9)Wehopetohavemoreopportunitiestoapplywhatwehavelearnedinclatopractice(把我們在課堂上學(xué)到的東西應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐).10)Thebadweatherruinedourplantoshowthefilmintheopenair(破壞了我們在露天放電影的計(jì)劃).11)Theenvironmentalistsareagainstthe
decisiontobuildanuclearpowerstationinthesuburbs(在郊區(qū)建一座核電站的決定).12)SallyRidewasthefirstAmericanwomantoexploretheouterspace(探索外部空間的美國婦女).13)Theyliftedarockonlytodropitontheirownfeet(結(jié)果砸了自己的腳).14)Hewassurprisedtomeetahighschoolclassmateinthemountainvillage(在這個(gè)山村遇見一個(gè)中學(xué)同學(xué)).15)Iamsorrytohavetakenupsomuchofyourtime(占用了您這么多時(shí)間).16)Ihappenedtobestandinginthedoorwaywhenherushedin(在他沖進(jìn)來的時(shí)候站在門口).17)Shedoesn’tliketobetreatedasaguest(被當(dāng)作客人).18)Ifyouwanttosavemoney,you’dbettergotothecampusbookstoretobuyusedbooks
(到校園書店買舊書).19)Wedidnothingbutplaybridgethewholeday(除了整天打橋牌).20)Weweremadetowipeourfeetonthematbeforegoingintotheroom(進(jìn)屋之前在墊子上擦擦腳).七、分詞1)ThisisthefirsttimethatIheard“Happybirthdaytoyou”sunginItalian(用意大利語唱“祝你生日快樂”).2)Thecarsparked
inthefirelane(停在消防通道的)willbeticketed.3)Thewarwentonforyears,killingthousandsuponthousandsofpeople(奪去了成千上萬人的生命).4)Thefarmersusedanewinsecticide,thusraisingtheaverageyieldby15percent(將平均產(chǎn)量提高了15%).5)Einsteinwatchedthetoyindelight,tryingtodeduceitsoperatingprinciple(想推
導(dǎo)出它的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)原理).6)Seeingthateveryonewasbendingoverhis/herbook(看到大家都在聚精會(huì)神地看書),westoppedtalkingandbegantostudy.7)Deeplymovedbytheboy’sdeeds(被這個(gè)男孩的事跡深深打動(dòng)了),theydecidedtopayforhiseducation.8)Seenfromtheeyesofayoungfriend(從一個(gè)年輕朋友的眼光來看),Einsteinwasasimple,modestandordinaryman.9)Nothavingheardfromhisparentsforalongtime(好久沒有收到父母的來信了),hewasworriedaboutthem.八、動(dòng)名詞1)Takingacoldbatheveryday(每天洗冷水澡)doeshimalotofgood.2)Theytriedtoavoidmakingtheirdaughterdowhatshedidn’tliketodo(讓女兒做她不喜歡的事情).3)Developingvarietiesisthekeytogettingourgoodsintotheinternationalmarket(使我們的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入國際市場).
4)Itisnousecryingoverspilledmilk(為灑了的牛奶而哭泣).5)Hedeniedhavingpeekedathisneighbor’stestpaper(偷看了同桌的試卷).6)Wecongratulatedheronbeingpromotedtomanager(被提升為經(jīng)理).九、非謂語動(dòng)詞用法區(qū)別1)Succemeansworkingveryhard.(非常努力地工作).2)Johnmeanttodrivethere,buthiscarbrokedown(開車去那兒，但他的車出了故障).3)Iheardhimtalkingtohismother(在跟他的母親談話).4)Iheardhimtalktohismotherforanhour(跟他的母親談了一個(gè)小時(shí)).5)Hejumpedintothepooltosavethechildonlytobreakhisownleg(結(jié)果卻摔斷了自己的腿).6)Hejumpedfromtheburninghouse,_breakinghislegs(摔斷了雙
腿).7)Hewashappytoseehisparentsingoodhealth(看到父母很健康).8)Seeinghisparentssafeandsound(看到父母安然無恙),heissuedasighofrelief.9)Followingitsfootprints(跟隨著它的腳印),thezoologistsspottedthehungrypanda.
10)Thepop,followedbytwobodyguards(后面跟著兩個(gè)保鏢),cametomeethisfans.
十、名詞從句1)WhytheylefttheirhometownforYunnan(他們?yōu)槭裁措x開家鄉(xiāng)去云南)isstillasecret.2)Whatconfusedmemost(最讓我不解的)wasthathespokeEnglishsowell.3)Thatthiswasdoneonpurpose(這么做是故意的)becameobvious.
4)Itisnotclearyetwhoshouldberesponsibleforthismatter
(誰應(yīng)該為這件事負(fù)責(zé)).5)ItisnoneofyourbusinewhomMaryisengagedto(瑪麗與誰訂婚).6)Don’tputofftilltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday(今天能做的事).
7)ThisnovelisjustwhatIhavebeenlookingfor(我一直在尋找的).8)Itisnotyetknownwhether/ifrobotswillonedayhavevisionasgoodashumanvision(機(jī)器人是否有一天能擁有象人一樣的視力).9)Whethershelikesthepresent(她是否喜歡那個(gè)禮物)isnotcleartome.10)MymainproblemrightnowiswhetherIshouldaskforanotherloan(我是否應(yīng)該請(qǐng)求另一筆貸款).11)Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus(他們是否會(huì)支持我們).12)YouhaveyettoanswermyquestionwhetherIcancountonyourvote(我是否可以指望你的投票).
13)Finally,theworkersgotananswerthattheGovernmentcoulddonothingtoraisetheirwages(政府做不了什么事來提高他們工資).14)Obviously,therewaslittlecertaintythatthechairmanwouldagreetothisproposal(主席會(huì)同意他的提議).十
一、十一、定語從句1)EverydaymanytouristscometovisitthehousewhereLuXunwasborn(魯迅出生的那棟房子).2)Theoldladydiedonthedaywhenhissonarrived(在她兒子到達(dá)的那天).3)ThisisthereasonwhyIaminfavorofthisreform(我贊成這一改革的理由).4)LetABCbeatrianglewhosethreesidesareofunequallength(一個(gè)三邊不等長的三角形).5)Someoftheroadswereflooded,(這使我們的旅程更為艱難).6)Heintroducedmetohisstudents,most
ofwhomwereEnglishmajors(他們大部分是英語專業(yè)的學(xué)生).7)Asisknowntoall(眾所周知),waterisaliquid.十二、十二、狀語從句1)Whateverwetalkabout(不管我們談?wù)撌裁?,Jimbringspolitiesintothediscussion.2)Whicheversidewins(不管哪一方獲勝),Ishallbesatisfied.3)Howeverhardsomepeopleintheaudiencetriedtoupsethim(不管觀眾中的一些人如何使勁地難為他),thecomedianalwayshadaquick,sharpreply.4)Weclimbedhighsothatwemightgetabetterview(這樣我們就可以看到更好的風(fēng)景).5)Theproblemsoverycomplicatedthatittookusnearlytwoweekstosolveit(花了我們兩個(gè)周才解決).6)Youcangooutaslongasyoupromisetobebackbefore11atnight
(只要你答應(yīng)晚上11點(diǎn)以前回來).7)Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday(仿佛是昨天發(fā)生的).十三、十三、比較級(jí)最高級(jí)1)Doesshedanceasgracefullyashersister(跟她姐姐一樣地優(yōu)美)?2)ThebuildingslookfaruglierinLondonthanhere(在倫敦比在這兒難看得多).3)Thisisoneofthebestpicturesthathehaseverpainted(他畫的最好的畫之一).4)Thehigheryouclimb,thethinnertheairbecomes(空氣就越稀薄).十四、十四、倒裝句1)Scarcelyhadshefallenasleepwhenaknockatthedoorawakenedher(一陣敲門聲就把她吵醒).2)NosoonerhadAnnearrived_thanshefellill(就生病了).3)Thehusbandwasnothospitabletothevisitor.Nordidthewifesayawordofwelcome.
他妻子也沒說一句歡迎的話).4)Onlythendidthedoctorrealizethathispatientneededsurgery(那個(gè)醫(yī)生才意識(shí)到他的病人需要手術(shù)).5)Onlywhenyouadjustdownyourpricecanweconcludethebusine(我們才能做成這筆買賣).十五、十五、強(qiáng)調(diào)句1)ItwasJeffersonwhowrote(正是Jefferson寫下了)theDeclarationofIndependence.2)Itiswithgenuinefeelingthattheauthor(作者是帶著真摯的情感)praisesallthatisprogressive.3)Itwasbecausethewaterhadrisen(正是因?yàn)樗疂q了)wecouldnotcrotheriver.4)ItwasJim,theheartlefellow,whowasheard(人們聽見正是Jim這個(gè)無情的家伙)shoutingathismotherinthedeadofnight.
5)ItwasnotuntilItoldherthat(直到我告訴她)Mrs.Williamsknewanythingaboutit.
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