二主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體一般位于句首,簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成,五賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承愛者一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面,賓補(bǔ)可由名詞形容詞副詞不定式分詞介詞短語(yǔ)和從句充當(dāng)。
英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)一句子成分
英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)(一)
一.基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)
1.—Whatapity!Nothingseemstobegoingmyway.
—_____,Susan.Youarekillingyourselfforallthework.
A.TakeiteasyB.GorightaheadC.YoudeserveitD.Havegreatfun
2.Afterleaving_____schoolsheworkedinaprimaryschoolfirstandthenturned____authorthreeyearslater.
A./;/B.the;anC./;anD.the;/
3.Ihaven’tread_____ofhisbooks,butjudgingfromtheoneIhaveread,Ithinkheisaverypromisingwriter.
A.anyB.eitherC.bothD.none
4.Safetyinschoolhasbeenofgreatconcernbecauseoffrequentreportsaboutaccidents_______studentsgotinjuredorkilledwhileinschool.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.forwhich
5.LastweekItookpartintheCivilServiceAdmissionExamination,forwhichI____fornearly
threemonths.
A.hadpreparedB.wouldprepareC.waspreparingD.havebeenpreparing
6.____mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.
A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which
7.Whentheministercametotheearthquake-strickenarea,hewashappytoseethedisaster
victimswell_____.
A.takecareofB.tookcareofC.takencareofD.takingcareof
8.—Whoisabsentfromthelecturetoday?
—_____________youask?Peter,ofcourse.
http://emrowgh.com uldD.Need
9.—Theladystarredinmanyfilms.
—Really?Butrarely_____________inpublicnowadays.
A.sheisseenB.issheseenC.wassheseenD.shewasseen
10.Brianwasaboutto_______________whenhesuddenlyfoundananswertothequestion.
A.makeupB.lookupC.turnupD.giveup
11.Hehasn’tsleptatallforthedays.heistiredout.
A.ThereisnopointB.ThereisnoneedC.ItisnowonderD.Itisnoway
12.―Youhavethewrongnumber,‖shesaid,―thereisnooneofthatnamehere.‖
A.needB.canC.wouldD.must
13.–Whydidyoumakethekiteofclothinsteadofpaper?
--Becausepapereasily.
A.istornB.willbetornC.tearsD.torn
http://emrowgh.com owater,themodelwillsoonchangeitscolor.
A.TothrowB.ThrownC.ThrowingD.Beingthrown
15.Thenewspaperincludesalotofpages,areaboutentertainment.
A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat
1
16.ThelasttimewehadgreatfunwaswewerevisitingtheWaterPark.
A.whereB.howC.whenD.what
17.I’msorryyouhavebeenwaitingforsolong,butit’llstillbesometimeBraingetsback.
A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after
18.Heoftenthinksof_____hecandomoreforthefourmodernizations.
A.whatB.howC.thatD.which
19—Wehavetostoptalkinghereoutside.Listen,________!
—Hurryup,orwe'llbelate.
A.theregoesthebellB.theredoesthebellgo
C.therethebellgoesD.goesthebellthere
20_____enoughsleepandwewillbefullofenergy.
A.HavingB.HaveC.TohaveD.Ifwehave
AACCAACDBDCDCBBCABAB
單項(xiàng)選擇的做題技巧總結(jié):
二.讀下面的文章,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分
ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs
WhydidAlfwantawhite-collarjob?
Thesedays,peoplewhodomanualworkoftenreceivefarmoremoneythanpeoplewhoworkinoffices.Peoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoas"white-collarworkers'forthesimplereasonthattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.Thiscangiverisetocurioussituations,asitdidinthecaseofAlfredBloggswhoworkedasadustmanfortheEllesmereCorporation.
Whenhegotmarried,Alfwastooembarrassedtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob.HesimplytoldherthatheworkedfortheCorporation.Everymorning,helefthomedressedinasmartblacksuit.Hethenchangedintooverallsandspentthenexteighthoursasadustman.Beforereturninghomeatnight.Hetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.AlfdidthisforovertwoyearsandhisfellowdustmenkepthissecretAlf'swifehasneverdiscoveredthatshemarriedadustmanandsheneverwill,forAlfhasjustfoundanotherjob.Hewillsoonbeworkinginanoffice.Hewillbeearningonlyhalfasmuchasheusedto,buthefeelsthathisriseinstatusiswellworththeloofmoney.Fromnowon,hewillwearasuitalldayandotherswillcallhim'Mr.Bloggs',not'Alf'.
三.句子成分
Findoutthedifferentmembersinthefollowingsentences
2
Ⅰ.Subject:______________________________________________________________________
1.Beijingisabeautifulcity.
2.Shemademehappy.
http://emrowgh.com owillbeenough.
4.Toactlikethatischildish.
5.Smokingisbadforyou.
6.Whatyouaredoingwillmakemedisappointed,thenangry.
7.Thepoorwillbecomepoorerandtherichwillbecomericher
8.Don’tcry.
Ⅱ.Predicate:____________________________________________________________________
1.Shegothereatsix.
2.Weshoulddependonourselves.
3WelikeEnglishverymuch.
ⅢObject:_____________________________________________________________________
1.Iwouldlikeacupoftea.
2.Theywon’thurtus.
3.Hedreamedaterribledream.
4.Ifyouadd5to5,youwillget10.
5.IwanttogoswimmingthisSunday.
6.Idon’tmindhavingadrink.
7.HowdoyouknowthatHenryhascomehere
ⅣPredicative:_______________________________________________________________
1.BillGatesisagreatman.
2.Everypassengersremainsseated.
3Herhobbyispainting.
4Allyouhavetodoistolisten.
5Noweverybodyisout.
6Whathesaidprovedtrue.
7ThatiswhatIcantellyouaboutit.
8Someofthestudentsareintheclassroom
http://emrowgh.com plement:________________________________________________________
1.EverydayIcanmakeyousatisfied..
2.YoucanonlycallmeWendy.
3.Doyouwanttohavethelessonwiththedoorclosed?
4.Hecameinwithsomebooksinhishand.
5.Theangryteachergavethelessonwiththeboystandingallthetime.
6.Yourheadteacherwillletyoucleanthetoilet.
7.WeoftenseehimswimmingintheQiuquRiver.
VI.Attribute:_________________________________________._________________
1.Theoldstonebridgewasbuiltin1846.
2.Ourclaisreallyverygood.
http://emrowgh.com entystudentshavepassedtheGrandFourTest.
4.ThesleepingboyintheclassroomisRobert.
5.ThebeautifulladyinawhitehatisDiana.
6.DoyouseethebookthatIboughtyesterday?
VII.Adverbial:_________________________________________________________________
1.Allthestudentsareplayinghappilyontheplayground.
2.HewasborninSichuanProvincein1949.
3.Shelookedatme,smiling.
4.TolearnEnglishwell,wegetearlyeverydayandreaditforhalfanhour.
5.Nancygetsupearlyeverydayinorderthatshewillnotbelateforschool.
VIII.Appositive:__________________________________________________________
1.Ourchairman,HuJingtao,isahandsomeandwiseman.
2.Iwanttohelpyouall.
3.Theyhavefoundouthissecretthathehadeverbeenathief.
三.練習(xí)
Thefacts
Whatwastheconsequenceoftheeditor'sinsistenceonfactsandstatistics?
Editorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovidetheirreaderwithunimportantfactsandstatistics.Lastyearajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthepresident'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.Whenthearticlearrived,theeditorreadthefirstsentenceandthenrefusetopublishit.Thearticlebegan:'Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwallwhichsurroundsthepresident'spalace'.Theeditoratoncesentthejournalistafaxinstructinghimfindouttheexactnumberofstepsandtheheightofthewall.
Thejournalistimmediatelysetouttoobtaintheseimportantfacts,butthetookalongtimetosendthemMeanwhile,theeditorwasgettingimpatient,forthemagazinewouldsoongotopress.Hesentthejournalisttwomorefaxes,butreceivednoreply.Hesentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalistthatifhedidnotreplysoonhewouldbefired.Whenthejournalistagainfailedtoreply,theeditorreluctantlypublishedthearticleasithadoriginallybeenwritten.Aweeklater,theeditoratlastreceivedafaxfromthejournalist.Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.However,hehadatlastbeenallowedtosendafaxinwhichheinformedtheeditorthatthehehadbeenarrestedwhilecountingthe1,084stepsleadingtothefifteen-footwallwhichsurroundedthepresident'spalace.
2016高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)一句子成分
語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)一:句子成分
一、句子成分
(一)句子成分的定義:構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ);次要成分有表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。
(二)主語(yǔ):主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體,一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句(當(dāng)主語(yǔ)不疑問詞時(shí))和倒裝句中,主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。主語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語(yǔ)從句等表示。例如:Duringthe1990s,Americanhasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名詞)oftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代詞)girls.(數(shù)詞)intheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)
(動(dòng)名詞)
(名詞化的形容詞)
hasnotbeendecided.(主語(yǔ)從句)isnecessary(it作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)為后面的不定式)
(三)謂語(yǔ):謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ),一般放在主語(yǔ)之后。謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成如下:
1、簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ):由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如:Herunningeverymorning.
2、復(fù)合謂語(yǔ):(1)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Heabadcold.(2)由系動(dòng)詞加表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如:We
(四)表語(yǔ):表語(yǔ)用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動(dòng)詞(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之
后。表語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞及表語(yǔ)從句表示。例如:
OurteacherofEnglishisan(名詞)
Isit(代詞)
Theweatherhasturned.(形容詞)Thespeechis(分詞)
Threetimessevenis(數(shù)詞)Hisjobis(不定式)Hishobby(愛好)is(動(dòng)名詞)
Themachine(介詞短語(yǔ))
Timeis.Theclais.(副詞)Thetruthis.(表語(yǔ)從句)
(五)賓語(yǔ):賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承愛者,一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。例如:Theywenttoseean(展覽)yesterday.(名詞)
Theheavyrainpreventedformcomingtoschoolontime.(代詞)
Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihave(數(shù)詞)
Theyhelpedyesterday.(名詞化形容詞)
Hepretended.不定式短語(yǔ))Ienjoy.動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ))
Ithink(從句)
賓語(yǔ)種類:(1)雙賓語(yǔ)(間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.(2)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.
(六)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞,除有一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ)以外,還要有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ),才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的一般句型為:某些及物動(dòng)詞(如make等+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ))。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和從句充當(dāng)。例如:
Hisfathernamedhim.(名詞)Theypaintedtheirboat.(形容詞)Letthefreshair.(副詞)Youmustn’tforcehimWesawher.Wefoundeverythinginthelab.(介詞短語(yǔ))Wewillsoonmakeourcity(從句)
(七)定語(yǔ):修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或從句稱為定語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)可由以下等成分表示:Guilinisa(形容詞)
Chinaisaa(分詞)
Therearethirtyteachersisourschool.(名詞)rapidprogreinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代詞)
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirst(不定式短語(yǔ))
Theplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(動(dòng)名詞)
Heisreadinganarticle.(介詞短語(yǔ))
(八)狀語(yǔ):修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子,說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語(yǔ)?捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆
Lighttravels副詞及副詞性詞組)
Hehaslivedinthecity.短語(yǔ))
Heisproud(不定式短語(yǔ))Heisintheroom(分詞短語(yǔ))
Wait(名詞),youmustcontinue.(狀語(yǔ)從句)
狀語(yǔ)種類如下:
Howaboutmeetingagain(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedanceparty(原因狀語(yǔ))Ishallgothere(條件狀語(yǔ))
MrSmithlives(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))
Sheputtheeggsintothebasket(方式狀語(yǔ))
Shecamein(伴隨狀語(yǔ))workharder.(目的狀語(yǔ))
Hewassotired(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))
Sheworksveryhard.步狀語(yǔ))
Iamtaller.(比較狀語(yǔ))
留學(xué)生英語(yǔ)高考復(fù)習(xí):第一講句子的成分
第一講:句子的成分(SentenceComponents)
簡(jiǎn)單句(Simplesentence):
判別標(biāo)準(zhǔn):句子中僅有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
主語(yǔ)(Subject)
謂語(yǔ)(Predicate)1:系動(dòng)詞(linkingverb)2,及物動(dòng)詞(transitiveverb)3,不及物動(dòng)詞(intransitive
verb)4
賓語(yǔ)(Object):通常在謂語(yǔ)之后(usuallyfollowsapredicate)
表語(yǔ)(Predicative):通常在系動(dòng)詞之后(usuallyfollowsalinkingverb)
定語(yǔ)(Attributive):修飾主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)中的名詞(usuallymodifiesanouninthesubjectorthe
object)
狀語(yǔ)(Adverbial)5:表示句子中的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、目的、結(jié)果、方式、讓步、伴隨(itindicatesthetime,place,cause,condition,purpose,result,method,concession,andaccompany)
補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(Complement):其通常結(jié)構(gòu)為動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(thecommonformofanobjectcomplementisverb+object+objectcomplement)
Somemoreexercises
Example:
Wetrytospendourmoneywisely.
We主語(yǔ);try謂語(yǔ);tospendourmoney賓語(yǔ);wisely副詞;
1.Theywouldliketoseetheplancarriedoutnextyear.
2.Shewantedmetogivehersomemoney.
3.Ifoundhimdrinkingmybeer.
4.Themanwithatoothacheisnothappy.
5.Hepushedthedooropen.1
2Wewilldiscuauxiliaryverb(助動(dòng)詞)andmodalverv(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)later.Linkingverbincludes:am,is,are,be,prove,keep,remain,appear,become,get,go,turn,come,feel,look,seem,smell,sound,andtaste.3Transitiveverbmeansthatanobjectcandirectlyfollowtheverb.
4Intransitiveverbmeansthatanobjectcannotdirectlyfollowtheverb.Aproposition(介詞)isneededtoputbetweentheverbandtheobject.5Indeed,therearemanyusagesofadverbial.Atthistime,youonlyneedtoknowwhatanadverbialis,andthenwewilltalkaboutdifferentusagesofadverbiallater.