越來越多的年輕人都喜歡以旅游的方式度假的想法,假如我萬一考砸了我是否還有資格補考一次,請?zhí)嵝汛蠹颐魈斓呐徘虮荣愌悠诹,世界?jīng)濟聯(lián)系日益頻繁商業(yè)往來日益緊密這主要歸因于現(xiàn)代通訊系。
漢英句子翻譯
1.越來越多的年輕人都喜歡以旅游的方式度假的想法
Moreandmoreyoungpeoplenowfavortheideaofspendingtheirholidaystravelling.
2.我仍然更喜歡讓父母年老的時候和我們在一起
Iamstillinfavorofhavingmyparentslivewithusintheiroldage.
3.沒有事實證明這種說法:只有使用某種方法,一個人幾個星期
或幾個月就能學會一門外語
Nofactshaveeverborneouttheclaimthatwithsomemethodsonecanlearnaforeignlanguageinweeksormonths
4.今天所有國有企業(yè)都必須自己承擔虧損
Todayallstate-ownedenterprisesmustbeartheirresponsibilitiesfortheirlosses.
5.他做出這種事來肯定是發(fā)瘋了。你怎么能忍受這樣的侮辱呢?Hemustbeoutofhismindtodothat.Howcanyoubearsuchainsult?
6.我當年曾經(jīng)去過世界各個地方,但是現(xiàn)在年老了,我覺得“金
窩銀窩,不如自家的狗窩”。
Ihavebeentomanyinterestingplacesintheworldinmyday.ButnowthatIamold,Istillfeelthat“EastandWest,Homeisbest“。
7.如果你保持這些壞習慣,你就得冒失去健康的危險
Ifyousticktothesebadhabits,youwillrisklosingyourhealth.
8.老有別人告訴我應該如何過我的個人生活,我實在受不了啦。I’mstickandtiredofbeingtoldwhattodowithmypersonallife.
9.假如我萬一考砸了,我是否還有資格補考一次?
IfIshouldfail,amIentitledtoamakeupexam?
10.在那種壓力下,他仍然有勇氣堅持自己的理論
Underthosepressureshestillhadthecouragetosticktohistheory.
11.那把椅子上有跟釘子伸出來,把我最喜歡的褲子撕破了。
Therewasanailstickingoutofthatchair.Ittoremyfavoritepants.
12.我們不能違冒反知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護法的危險
Wemustnotruntheriskofviolatingintellectualpropertyrights
13.我們實在受不了看著周圍那么多垃圾,所以我們決定自己把它
清理掉
Wecan’tbearseeingallthisgarbagearound.Sowehavedecidedtocleanitupourselves.
14.把這句座右銘貼到墻上大家看得見的地方
Stickthismottoonthewallwherewecanallsee.
15.以巴沖突中仍然存在的一個問題是耶路撒冷問題
OneoftheissuesthatremaininquestionintheconflictbetweenIsraelandPalestineistheissueofJerusalem.
16.這使我想起了1958年我們再自己后院土爐里怎樣煉鋼的情況Itremindedmeofhowwealltriedtomakesteelinourbackyardstovesin1958.
17.他也許忘記了。我應該提醒他參加這個會議的
Hemayhaveforgotten.Ishouldhaveremindedhimtoattendthismeeting.
18.請?zhí)嵝汛蠹,明天的排球比賽延期?/p>
Pleaseremindeverybodythattomorrow’svolleyballmatchhasbeenputoff.
漢英句子翻譯
1.世界經(jīng)濟聯(lián)系日益頻繁,商業(yè)往來日益緊密,這主要歸因于現(xiàn)代通訊系
統(tǒng)和運輸系統(tǒng)的飛速發(fā)展使經(jīng)濟一體化成為可能。
Theincreasinglyfrequentassociationoftheworldeconomyandtheclosercommercialcontactaremainlyattributabletotherapiddevelopmentofmoderncommunicationandtransportsystems,whichhavemadetheintegrationofworldeconomypossible.
2.夜幕垂垂的下來時,大小船上都點起燈火。從兩種玻璃里映出那輻射著
的黃黃的散光,反暈出一片朦朧的煙靄;透過這煙靄,在黯黯的水波里,又逗起縷縷的明漪。
Whennightfallsandlanternsonalltheboatsarelit,thesoft,yellowlightpiercingtwolayersofglashedsavasthaloofhazeandcastsshimmeringstripesonthedim,ripplingwater.
雄偉壯觀的長城是中華民族創(chuàng)造的最宏偉的工程奇跡,她像一條巨龍,飛舞于廣袤的平原,綿亙于群山峻嶺,顯示著中華民族的智慧和力量。ThegrandandspectacularGreatWallisthemostmagnificentconstructionmiraclecreatedbytheChinesepeople.Itwindsitswaylikeahugedragonthroughthevastplainsandtheundulatingmountains,showingthewisdomandstrengthoftheChinesepeople.
3.像美國這樣擁有高技術(shù)勞工和肥沃耕地的國家,它的相對優(yōu)勢就表現(xiàn)在
制造計算機、飛機和科技設(shè)備等高科技含量的產(chǎn)品及種植小麥、玉米和大豆等土地密集型農(nóng)產(chǎn)品上。
ThecomparativeadvantageoftheUnitedStates,acountrywithahighlyskilledlaborforceandanabundanceoffertilefarmland,liesintheproductionofhigh-technologymanufacturingproducts(computers,aircraft,andscientificinstruments,forexample)andland-intensiveagriculturalprodicts(wheat,corn,andsoybeans).
4.藝花可以邀蝶,雷石可以邀云,栽松可以邀風,貯水可以邀萍,筑臺可
以邀月,種蕉可以邀雨,植柳可以邀蟬。
Plantingflowersservestoinvitebutterflies,pilinguprocksservestoinvitetheclouds,plantingpinetreesservestoinvitethewind,keepingareservoirofwaterservestoinviteduck-week,buildingaterraceservestoinvitethemoon,plantingbananatreesservestoinvitetherain,andplantingwillowtreesservestoinvitethecicadas.
5.登上驪山,舉目北望,渭水如帶,阡陌縱橫;俯視山麓,林木蔥郁,殿
宇輝煌,亭臺樓閣,池水廊橋交相輝映。猶如一幅美麗的織錦彩繡展現(xiàn)在你面前。
Lookingnorthfromthemountaintop,theWeiRiverinthedistanceislikeabelt,runningthroughavastexpanseoffieldswithcrisscrofootpath;lookingdownatthefootofthehill,theverdanttrees,splendidtemples,andpavilions,pools,bridgesandcorridorsnearbyaddradianceandbeautytoeachother,likearollofcolorfulbrocadeembroideryunfoldingbeforeone’seyes.
6.他們一同在一處院落里的臺階上坐下來。從那里可以望見一個小小的庭
院,蓬生著雜草和野樹,碧綠的小池畔不時送來幾聲蛙鳴
Theysatsomedistanceapartontheterracedstepsoftheinnermostcourtyardoverlookingalittergardenwhichhadrunwildandagreenpondwherefrogscroakedfromtimetotime.
7.這樣,我就開始準備寫“中國的詞”的論文。其實,同年在家里我喜歡讀
詞讀賦,但對于詞,我并沒有好好研究過。
Ibegantoprepareformydissertationon“Chineseci”,asubjectofwhichIhadnevermadeathoroughstudybeforethoughIlikedtoreadthiskindofpoetryinmychildhood.
8.昨奉大函,誦悉一是。尊稿極佳;唯篇幅甚長,本志地位有限,故不克
刊登,良用歉然。
Ireceivedyourletteryesterday.Yourarticleisverygood,butIamsorrythatowingtopressureofspace,Ifindittoolongtobepublished.
Thankyouforsubmittingyourmanuscriptyesterday.Whileitisagoodarticle,Idon’tfeelstronglyenoughtoconsiderpublishsuchalongone.Idohopeyoufindahomeforit.
9.少年是一去不復返的,等到精力衰時,要做學問也來不及了。
Youthwillsoonbegonenevertoreturn.Anditwillbetoolateforyoutogointoscholarshipwheninyourdecliningyears.
10.許多大型工程項目承包的暗箱操作,國企專制中的投機現(xiàn)象,以及權(quán)力
掌控下國有資產(chǎn)的大量流失,使得這部分人的財富以幾何級數(shù)增長。Whiletheirpersonalwealthhasgrownexponentially,theprevalenceofunder-the-counteroperationsinprojectcontracting,speculationintherestructuringofSOEsandmanyotherillegalpracticesundertheshieldofpowerhascausedenormouslossesinpublicassets.
作為一座國際大都市,上海的國際航班可直達曼谷、首爾、大阪、長崎、廣島、布魯塞爾、法蘭克福、、舊金山、多倫多、溫哥華等20多座城市。Asaninternationalmetropolis,shanghaiprovidesdirectflightstoover20citiesintheworld,suchasBangkok,Singapore,HongKong,Seoul,Tokyo,Osaka,Nagasaki,Hiroshima,BrusselsFrankfurt,NewYork,losAngeles,SanFrancisco,Chicago,Toronto,VancouverandSydney.Bangkok,Seoul,Osaka,Nagasaki,Hiroshima,Brussels,Frankfurt,,SanFrancisco,Toronto,Vancouver.
11.但天然林停伐與退耕還林具有長遠的生態(tài)效益、經(jīng)濟效益和社會效益,
現(xiàn)在實現(xiàn)這兩大工程條件已成熟。
Nevertheless,thecampaignofdeforestationprohibitionandrestorationofthereclaimedlandtoforestwillbringaboutfar-reachingecological,economicandsocialbenefitsandnowtheregionsarewell-preparedforitsimplementation.
12.書是我青春期的戀人,中年知己,暮年的伴侶,有了它,我就不再憂愁
寂寞,不再怕人情冷暖,世態(tài)炎涼。它使我成為精神世界的富翁。我真的是“不可一日無此君”。
Booksaremysweetheartsinmyyouth,mybosomfriendsinmymiddleage,andmycompanionsinmydecliningyears,accompaniedbybooks,Ineverfeellonely,norfearsocialsnobberyorfickleneofthewould,theyhavemademearichmanofmanintheinnerworld.Icannotdowithoutthemevenforasingleday.
13.中國廟宇的墻上經(jīng)常繪有八卦、陰陽的象征和太極的圖案。
TheEightTrigrams,theyin-yangsymbolandtheTaiji(anegg-likesymboloftwofishplacedheadtotail)areoftendepictedonwallsofChinesetemple.
14.當前,國有經(jīng)濟戰(zhàn)線太長,重復建設(shè)嚴重,布局過于分散,企業(yè)規(guī)模偏
小,素質(zhì)較差,這是造成國有企業(yè)經(jīng)營困難,高收入、低產(chǎn)出,高消耗、低收益的重要原因。Wideindustrialdistribution,duplicatedconstruction,smallsizeofindividualbusinesses,andpoorqualityaremajorfactorscausingoperationaldifficultiesinSOEs,suchashighinputandlowoutput,andhighconsumptionandlowefficiency.
Atpresent,thestrengthofthestate-ownedsectorisspreadtoothin.Moreover,itishauntedbysuchproblemsasrepeatedconstruction,excessivelyscattereddistributionofindustry,smallscaleoftheenterprisesandpoorproductquality.Theseproblemscausemanydifficultiesforthemanagementofstate-ownedenterprises,suchashighinput,lowoutput,highconsumptionofenergyandotherresourcesandlowefficiency
故天將降大任于是人也:必先苦其心志,勞其筋骨,餓其體膚,空乏其身,行拂亂其所為。所以動心忍性,曾益其所不能。
SoifGodwouldgiveanimportanttasktoacertainperson,thefirstthingshedoesaretotemperhiswillpower,fatiguehismusclesandbones,starvehisstomachanddestitutehisbody.Godwouldnotmakeanykindofhisactionsatisfactoryashewishesinordertoshockhisheart,makehistemperamentpersistantanddauntless,and?increasehisability.
15.高層建筑雖然被看成是城市化的不可避免的結(jié)果,也看成是現(xiàn)代文明的
象征,但已引起了社會上的關(guān)注,因為它們帶來一系列的環(huán)境方面和交通方面的問題,也帶來受地震或火災毀壞的潛在危險。
High-risebuildings,althoughseenastheinevitableresultofurbanizationandthesymbolsofmoderncivilization,haveraisedpublicconcern,becausetheybringwiththemaseriesofenvironmentalandtrafficproblemsaswellaspotentialdangerofdamagefromearthquakesandfires.
16.四十歲的女人有什么可傷感的呢?可以不再為嗷嗷待哺的嬰兒牽腸掛肚,
愛情之舟大多已駛?cè)雽庫o的港灣。四十歲的女人也積累了相當?shù)墓ぷ鹘?jīng)驗,事業(yè)上一樣叱詫風云,游刃有余。Whatistheretosaddenawomanofforty?Therearenomoresucklingbabiesinneedofconstantcare,andinmostcaseslove'sboatshassailedintoacalm,tranquilharbor.Richlyexperiencedandmorethanequaltoherwork,sheisbuildingabrilliantcareer.
17.亞洲是最大的洲,在地理上變化最多,其地貌包括巨大的、由沙漠覆蓋
著的高原,也包括像喜馬拉雅山這樣的高山,而喜馬拉雅山上的珠穆朗瑪峰是世界上最高的山峰。
Asia,thelargestcontinent,isthemostgeographicallydiverse,itslandforms
includinglargedesert-coveredplateausandsuchhighmountainsastheHimalayas,whoseMt.Qomolangmaisthetallestintheworld.
18.他們受過專門訓練,能把廢話說得娓娓動呀,似乎胸中頗有經(jīng)緯,實則
多半是繡花枕頭草肚皮。Intermsofprofessions,diplomatsareprobablythegreatestpurveyorsofverbiage,buttheyhavereceivedprofessionaltrainingandcanmaketheirprolixityquiteabsorbing:theygavetheimpressionsofhavingeverythingworkedout,whereasinfactitisacaseof“embroideredpillowcasebutstrawstuffing”
19.賽龍舟、放風箏、扭秧歌、圍棋、氣功和太極拳是深受漢族和各少數(shù)民
族喜愛的傳統(tǒng)運動項目。
Dragonboatrace,flyingkites,Yanggedance,I-go,QigongandShadowboxingaretraditionalsportslovedbyallminorities.
Dragon-boatracing,kiteflying,yanggedancing,weiqi,qigongandtaijiquanaretraditionalsportspopularamongbothHanpeopleandthepeopleofethnicminorities.
20.“讀書就是掙大錢娶美女”的看法無疑并無任何新鮮之處,它無非是古
話“書中自有黃金屋,書中自有顏如玉”的現(xiàn)代直譯。
Theviewthatthepurposeofstudyistoearnlotsofmoneyandmarryabeautyisnothingmorethananinterpretationoftheoldsaying“throughstudy,onecanfindagoldhouseandabeautifulwoman.”
21.趙老先生現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)開始編織他的第二張書法壁毯:中國北宋名將岳飛的
詞——《滿江紅》,原稿是用行書寫的。在此之前,他編織了用隸書書寫的中國宋代詩人范仲淹的文章——《岳陽樓記》。
Zhaoisnowweavinghissecond“calligraphytapestry”,heisweavingintohistapestryaversebyYueFei,ageneralintheNorthernSongDynasty.HehasfinishedweavingintohisfirstcalligraphytapestryaprosebyFanZhongyan,arenownedpoetandstatesmanintheNorthernSongDynasty.
22.古往今來,旅游一直是人們增長知識、豐富閱歷、強健體魄的美好追求,
比如在我國古代,先哲們就提出了“觀國之光”的思想,主張“讀萬卷書,行萬里路”,游歷名山大川。承天地之靈氣,偕山水之精華。
Fromancienttimestillnow,tourismhasrepresentedpeople’shappywishformoreknowledge,variedexperienceandgoodhealth.ASancientChinesesagesbelievedintheideathat“appreciatingthelandscapethroughsightseeing“andadvisedpeopleto“traveltenthousandliandreadtenthousandbooks”,findpleasureinenrichingthemselvesmentallyandphysicallythroughtravelingoverfamousmountainandrivers.
23.中國是世界四大文明古國之一,地大物博,擁有茂密的森林,壯麗的山
河,如利劍直插云霄的高峰,雄偉壯麗的瀑布,秀麗的湖泊及富有中華文化光輝的名勝古跡,令世界各國人民神往。
China,
oneofthefourcountriesintheworldwiththeoldestcivilization,withvastterritoryandabundantresources,withdenseforestsandmajesticriversandmountainswherepeakspiercethecloudslikesomanygargantuanswords,withmagnificentwaterfallsandbeautifullakes,withhistoricalremainsunderlininghergloriouspast,doesattracttouristsfromallpartsoftheworld.
24.重溫倉促來去的日子,那成熟之前的天真幼稚印象最深:愛、被愛、錯失、
落葉般瑟縮的痛苦以及繁碩如花枝招展的歡樂,樣樣都是第一次,都曾在空白的履歷上留下無可涂改的痕跡,也都具備著他物難以替代的價值。Lookingbackonquickly-elapsedyears,wemayfindthattheperiodofinnocenceandnaivetyseemstohavegivenusthedeepestimpression:lovingandbeinglovedthefirsttime,lettingthefirstchanceslipby,unprecedentedlysorrowfulfeelingslikefallenleaveswitheringfastandthefirsttime-experiencedecstaticjoyslikeflowersinfullblossom.Allthesehaveleftinerasablemarksonourpathoflifeandhavedemonstratedtheirworthofbeingirreplaceable.
2、Inretrospect,wefindthatthemostimpressiveofourlifealloccurredwhenwewereimmature.Wewerethrilledtoexperiencethefirstlove,firstlost,firstshrinkingtraumaandfirstheartilylaughter,allsuchepisodeshaveleftinerasableandinvaluabletracesonourhistory.
25.書是我的良友。它給我一把金鑰匙,誘導我打開淺短的視界、愚昧的頭
腦、閉塞的心靈,它從不吝惜對我?guī)椭?/p>
Booksaremygoodfriends.Theyhaveofferedmeagoldenkeytobroadeningmyhorizonsandriddingmyselfofstupidityandignorance,theysparenoeffortstohelpme.
1.陶盡門前土,屋上無片瓦;十指不沾泥,鱗鱗居大廈。
Thoughthepotterhasuseduptheclaybeforehisdoor,Hehasnotasingletileforaroofofhisown.
Therichneversoiltheirfingerswithmud,
Yettheyallliveinrichly-tiledmansions.
2.紅豆生南國,春來發(fā)幾枝。愿君多采擷,此物最相思。
Redberriesgrowinsouthernland.
Howmanyloadinspringthetrees!
Gatherthemtillfullisyourhand;
Theywouldrevivefondmemories.
4.綠蟻新醅酒,紅泥小火爐。晚來天欲雪,能飲一杯無?
Mynewbrewgivesgreenglow;
Myredclaystoveflamesup.
Atduskitthreatenssnow.
Won’tyoucomeforacup?
26.
漢英句子翻譯
漢英句子翻譯基本原理及主要方法
一.句子處理:
剛接觸漢英翻譯的人,最擔心的往往是哪個字不會說,于是查漢英詞典成為翻譯的不二法門。而在難詞查詢完畢之后,便依據(jù)原文語序進行翻譯。實際情況是,即使一個生字也沒有,如果句子組織不好,也無法達到翻譯的目的。有經(jīng)驗的漢英譯者往往對句子處理的基本原則和方法一般都能做到心中有數(shù),即從宏觀上把握翻譯的方向,對宏觀圖景有一定的預見。
漢英句子的基本原理
1.結(jié)構(gòu)差異:連接方式不同,漢語隱形,即連接詞很少出現(xiàn)或不出現(xiàn),這體現(xiàn)為意合;英語顯性,即連接詞出現(xiàn),體現(xiàn)為形合.
組句方式:
漢語:動詞多,短句多,常按時間順序或前因后果的邏輯關(guān)系排列,呈鏈狀;
英語:常按句內(nèi)主次從屬關(guān)系排列,在句子主體上添加修飾語以及限定語,形成嚴謹?shù)臉錉罱Y(jié)構(gòu)。
結(jié)構(gòu)差異帶來的啟示:
(1).正確判斷句子之間的關(guān)系,補充連接手段,實現(xiàn)顯性連接。
例句在這一年半中,她抄寫、背寫英語單詞的紙,累起來可達桌子高。思路:SVO=紙+達到+桌子高。
問題:累起來怎么處理?
Inthatyearandahalf,thepaperonwhichshehadcopiedEnglishwordsorwrittenthemdownfrommemory,ifstackedup,couldreachthetablefromthefloor.
(2).掌握內(nèi)在聯(lián)系正確斷句
我們的班主任姓王,五十開外,方臉,一臉的胡子。
Mr.Wang,theheadteacherresponsibleforourclass,wasoverfifty.Hehadasquare-shapedfacewithafullbeard.
(3).正確安排句子基本框架,主次清楚,符合原意。
原文:大家都記得1979年秋天,當這個總共只念過八年書、連英文字母也認不全,而且已有三個孩子的女工,竟然報名上電大英語班時,
招來了多少驚訝的目光。
Theyrememberhowmanyastonishedlookswerecastatherintheautumnof1979,whenthiswomanworkerwithonly8yearsschooling,littleacquaintancewiththeEnglishalphabetandthreechildrentolookafter,actuallyenrolledintheEnglishclaofferedbythelocalTVuniversity.
二.語篇意識:語篇意識是指把整個語篇視為一個整體,注重其內(nèi)在連貫性(coherence),也就是注重文章思路和邏輯,注意上下文聯(lián)系。連貫性是通過Cohesion來實現(xiàn)的,就是把上下文聯(lián)系起來的那些詞匯和語法手段,如連詞、代詞、指示詞以及起連接作用的短語和句式等。如果缺乏整體觀,翻譯中只會盯住一個個孤立的句子,譯出來的句子語法正確,但上下文無法串聯(lián)或明顯累贅,頭緒混亂,看不出來龍去脈。
舉例1:外高橋保稅區(qū)是中國大陸第一個自由貿(mào)易區(qū),她是以出口加工和自由貿(mào)易相結(jié)合的一個綜合型對外開放區(qū)域。位于浦東新區(qū)東北端,瀕臨長江口,距市中心20公里。
直譯:WaigaoqiaoBondedArea,situatedatthenortheastendofPudongNewArea,borderingon
theestuaryoftheChangjiangRiver,andfromtheBondedArea,cityproperbeing20km.,isthefirstfreetradeareaintheMainlandofChina,whichisacomprehensiveopenareacombiningexportprocessingwithfreetrade.
改譯:ShanghaiWaigaoqiaoFreeTradeZoneisthefirstofitskindonChina’smainland,orratheracomprehensivefreetradezoneopentotheoutsideworldcharacterizedbyfreetradealongwithexportprocessing.OverlookingtheYangtzeRiverestuary,thezoneislocatedinthenortheastendofthePudongNewAreaofShanghai,20kilometersfromthedowntowndistrictofthecityproper.舉例2:離開道路數(shù)十丈處有座大屋,屋檐下站著一個中年文士,一個十一二歲的小孩。那文士見到這等情景,不禁長嘆一聲,眼眶也紅了,說道:“可憐,可憐1
Undertheeavesofalargehouse,somehundredyardsfromtheroad,amiddle-agedscholarwasstandingwithaten-oreleven-year-oldboyathisside.Hewasevidentlyaffectedbythislittlescene,foragroanescapedhislipsandheappearedtobeveryclosetotears.Poorcreatures!hemurmuredtohimself.
舉例3:我常常遺憾我家門前的那塊丑石呢:它黑黝黝地臥在那里,牛似的模樣;誰也不知道是什么時候留在這里的,誰也不去理會它。只是麥收時節(jié),門前攤了麥子,奶奶總是要說:這塊丑石,多礙地面喲,多時把它搬走吧。
直譯:Iusedtobesorryfortheuglystoneinfrontofourdoor.Itisblackandlookslikeanox.Nobodyknewwhenitwasleftthereandpaidanyattentiontoit.Onlywhentheseasonforharvestingwheatarrivedandthegrainsofthewheatwerespreadoverthegroundbeyondthedoor,wouldmygrandmaalwayssay:“l(fā)ookatthisuglystone!Ittakessomuchspace.Andsomedayitwillbemovedaway.”
改譯:Iusedtofeelsorryforthatuglyblackpieceofstonelyinglikeanoxinfrontofourdoor;noneknewwhenitwasleftthereandnonepaidanyattentiontoit,exceptatthetimewhenwheatwasharvestedandmygrandma,seeingthegrainsofwheatspreadalloverthegroundinthefrontyardofthehouse,wouldgrumble:“Thisuglystonetakessomuchspace.Moveitawaysomeday.”
三.信息焦點:找準主語英語主謂賓的基本結(jié)構(gòu)
英語主語的構(gòu)成:名詞;動名詞;不定式;形式主語
例一:看到這慘狀,大家立即陷入了恐慌。
1.Onseeingthismiserablescene,peoplegotpanic-strickenverysoon.
2.Atthesightofthismiserablescene,peoplewasseizedwithpanic/overwhelmedbypanic/greatterror,orpeoplewerethrowninpanic.
3.Thesightofthismiserablescenethrewpeopleinpanic.
例2:1953年,英美兩國計劃對中國援朝部隊使用原子彈,并準備用核武器進攻中國。當這個消息由第三國外交官轉(zhuǎn)告北京時,新中國的領(lǐng)導人深感憂慮,立即作出了建立和發(fā)展原子彈和導彈事業(yè)的決定。
In1953,AmericaandEnglandplannedtouseatomicbombsagainstChineseaidingtroopsinKoreaandtoattackChinawithnuclearweapons.WhenthenewswastransferredtoBeijingfromdiplomaticsourcesofathirdcountry,theleadersofnewChinafeltdeeplyworriedandimmediatelydecidedtosetupanddevelopatomicbombandmissilecause.
順句推動法:In1953,AmericaandEnglandplannedtouseatomicbombsagainst
ChineseaidingtroopsinKoreaandtoattackChinawithnuclearweapons.WhenthenewswastransferredtoBeijingfromdiplomaticsourcesofathirdcountry,theleadersofnewChinafeltdeeplyworriedandimmediatelydecidedtosetupanddevelopatomicbombandmissilecause.
活譯法:In1953,whentheylearnedfromdiplomaticsourcesofathirdcountrythattheUnitedStatesandBritainwerepreparedtoattackmainlandChinaandtheChinesetroopsinKoreawithnuclearweapons,theleadersofnewChina,deeplyconcerned,decidedthatChinamustdevelopitsownatomicbombsandmissiles.
四.句子平衡:分清主次.吃透下面幾種結(jié)構(gòu),英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)就不會亂了。
獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
1.n.+presentparticiplephrase
到處都可以看見人們穿著節(jié)日服裝,滿臉笑容。
Everywhereyoucanseepeopleintheirholidaydresses,theirfacesshiningwithsmiles.天氣要是合適的話,我們明天要到西山去玩。
Weatherpermitting,wellgoonanexcursiontotheWesternHilltomorrow.
2.n.+pastparticiplephrase
他臉朝天,頭枕著手躺著。
Helayonhisback,hisfaceupandhishandscrossedunderhishead.
他做完作業(yè)后回家去了。
Hisworkdone,hewenthome.
Afterhisworkhadbeendone,hewenthome.
3.n.+adjectivephrase
他鼻子凍得通紅地走進房來。
Hecameintomyroom,hisnoseredwithcold.
老頭坐了下來,由于痛苦臉色發(fā)白,兩頰上還帶有淚痕。
Theoldmansatdown,hisfacepalewithpainandtracesoftearsonhischeeks.
4.n.+adverbialphrase
她伸出雙手,掌心向上。
Sheputoutherhands,palmsup.
他襪子穿反了。
Heputonhissocks,wrongsideout.
5.n.+n.
數(shù)以千計的船民被淹死,其中許多是小孩。
Thousandsofboatpeopleweredrowned,manyofthemchildren.
他的第一個劇本成功后,又寫了另一個劇本。
Hisfirstplayasuccess,hewroteanother.
6.n.+infinitive
來客也不少,有送行的,有拿東西的,有送行兼拿東西的。
Wealsohadquiteahostofvisitors,sometoseeusoff,sometofetchthings,andsometodoboth.他為這家雜志寫了兩篇稿子,一篇即將本期發(fā)表,另一篇將在下期刊載。
Hehascontributedtwoarticlestothejournal,onetobepublishedinthisissue,theothertocomeoutinthenext.
7.n.+prepositionalphrase
他們歡快地一手拿著鞭子,一手扯著韁繩,催馬向前。
Injollyspirits,theyurgedthehorseson,whipinonehandandreinsintheother.
他端著槍,走進那間黑屋子。
Heenteredthedarkroom,guninhand.
過去分詞短語
錯誤與挫折教訓了我們,使我們變得聰明起來,我們的事情就辦得好一些。
Taughtbymistakesandsetbacks,wehavebecomewiserandhandleourproblemsbetter.我一直坐到十一點多鐘,全神貫注地看著一本小說。
Isatuntileleven,absorbed/immersedinafiction.
形容詞短語
周總理是那樣謙遜、隨和、易于接近,使大家很快就不緊張了。
Modest,unassuming,easytoapproach,PremierZhousoonputeveryonetherecompletelyatease.這些藝術(shù)品豐富多彩,栩栩如生,而且別出心裁,具有鮮明的民族特色和地方色彩。
Colorful,lifelikeandoriginal,theseworksofarthad/assumeddistinctivenationalandlocalcharacteristics.
名詞短語
他是一位天才的語言學家,同樣精通法、德、英等多種語言。
Agiftedlinguist,hewasequallyathomeinFrench,GermanandEnglish.
中國是個發(fā)展中國家,屬于第三世界。
Adevelopingcountry,ChinabelongstotheThirdWorld.
不定式
如果聽到他講英語,人們會以為他是英國人。
TohearhimspeakEnglish,onewouldtakehimforanEnglishman.
有一天內(nèi)孫先生在城里不見了,以后再沒有人看到他。
OnedayMr.Nelsondisappearedfromthetown,nevertobeseenagain.
Co-operativePhrase(相當于一個條件狀語從句)
運動會風雨無阻,照常進行。
Thesportsmeetingwillbeheld,rainorshine.
不管成功與否,我要試一下。
Sinkorswim,Illtryit.
解釋性或描述性短語
他的妻子料理一切大大小小的事務。
Hiswifemanagesallaffairs,bigandsmall.
他光頭赤腳,氣喘吁吁地沖進房來。
Hedashedintomyroom,hatless,barefootedandoutofbreath.
延續(xù)否定
周圍沒有村莊,甚至連一顆可供遮蔽的大樹也沒有。
Therearenovillagesaround,norevenabigtreetotakeshelterunder.中國不做超級大國,現(xiàn)在不做,將來也不做。
Chinawillnotbeasuperpower,noteithertodayoreveninthefuture.