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2016年GMAT句子改錯(cuò)訓(xùn)練題及分析
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1. In ancient Thailand, much of the local artisans’ creative energy was expended for the creation of Buddha images and when they constructed and decorated the temples that enshrined them.
(A) much of the local artisans’ creative energy was expended for the creation of Buddha images and when they constructed and decorated the temples that enshrined them
(B) much of the local artisans’ creative energy was expended on the creation of Buddha images and on construction and decoration of the temples in which they were enshrined
(C) much of the local artisans’ creative energy was expended on the creation of Buddha images as well as constructing and decoration of the temples in which they were enshrined
(D) creating images of Buddha accounted for much of the local artisans’ creative energy, and also constructing and decorating the temples enshrining them
(E) the creation of Buddha images accounted for much of the local artisans’ creative energy as well as construction and decoration of the temples that enshrined them
答案解析如下：
(A)much of the local artisans' creative energy was expended for the creation of Buddha images and when they constructed and decorated the temples that enshrined them
【錯(cuò)誤1】 平行結(jié)構(gòu)：“and”兩邊連接的是“when……”引導(dǎo)的從句和“the creation of……”兩者語法功能不一致。
【錯(cuò)誤2】 代詞指代：“they constructed and decorated the temples that enshrined them”中“they”和“them”指代對(duì)象不同，同類代詞在句子中發(fā)福出現(xiàn)如果指代對(duì)象不相同，則存在指代不明的問題，表意不佳。
(B)much of the local artisans' creative energy was expended on the creation of Buddha images and on construction and decoration of the temples in which they were enshrined
【正確】 “on the creation of Buddha images”和“on construction and decoration of the temples”正確地用“and”平行在一起。
【大意】 在古泰國，當(dāng)?shù)毓そ炒罅康膭?chuàng)造力發(fā)揮在了佛像的建造以及供奉佛像的廟宇的建造和裝飾上。
(C)much of the local artisans' creative energy was expended on the creation of Buddha images as well as constructing and decoration of the temples in which they were enshrined
【錯(cuò)誤】 平行結(jié)構(gòu)：“contruct”擁有自己的專有名詞“construction”，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)“construction”和“decoration”平行，無需“constructing”。
(D)creating images of Buddha accounted for much of the local artisans' creative energy, and also constructing and decorating the temples enshrining them
【錯(cuò)誤】 平行結(jié)構(gòu)：“constructing and decorating”本應(yīng)和“creating images”平行在一起，而本選項(xiàng)卻錯(cuò)誤地將其與“creative energy”平行。
(E)the creation of Buddha images accounted for much of the local artisans' creative energy as well as construction and decoration of the temples that enshrined them
【錯(cuò)誤】 平行結(jié)構(gòu)：類似地，見(D)。
【最優(yōu)解題思路推薦】
只有(B)正確使用平行結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)出合理的含義，因此選擇(B)。
2. Quasars, at billions of light-years from Earth the most distant observable objects in the universe, believed to be the cores of galaxies in an early stage of development.
(A) believed to be
(B) are believed to be
(C) some believe them to be
(D) some believe they are
(E) it is believed that they are
(A)believed to be
【錯(cuò)誤】 見(B)
(B)are believed to be
【正確】 “Quasars”和“are believed to be”形成了合理的主謂關(guān)系。
【大意】 類星體——距地球數(shù)十億光年，宇宙中最遙遠(yuǎn)的可觀測(cè)物體——被認(rèn)為是星系發(fā)展早期的星系核心。
(C)some believe them to be
【錯(cuò)誤】 見(B)
(D)some believe they are
【錯(cuò)誤】 見(B)
(E)it is believed that they are
【錯(cuò)誤】 見(B)
【最優(yōu)解題思路推薦】
句子結(jié)構(gòu)是本題的主要考點(diǎn)，“Quasars”應(yīng)當(dāng)做主句的主語，(C)、(D)、(E)中“some”和“it”代替其作主語，使得“Quasars”失去謂語動(dòng)詞，主謂結(jié)構(gòu)不再完整。“Quasars”只能“被相信是”，也就是“are believed”，因此(B)應(yīng)排除。只有(B)句子結(jié)構(gòu)正確，故選擇之。
3. The plot of The Bostonians centers on the rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom, when they find themselves drawn to the same radiant young woman whose talent for public speaking has won her an ardent following.
(A) rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom,
(B) rivals Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, against her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom,
(C) rivalry that develops between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, and Basil Ransom, her charming and cynical cousin,
(D) developing rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with Basil Ransom, her charming and cynical cousin,
(E) active feminist, Olive Chancellor, and the rivalry with her charming and cynical cousin Basil Ransom,
答案解析如下：
(A)rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom,
【錯(cuò)誤】 平行結(jié)構(gòu)：“between X and Y”才是正確的平行結(jié)構(gòu)，而不是“between X with Y”。
(B)rivals Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, against her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom,
【錯(cuò)誤】 句子意思：“rivals”是復(fù)數(shù)“對(duì)手”的意思，而不是“對(duì)抗”的意思。
(C)rivalry that develops between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, and Basil Ransom, her charming and cynical cousin,
【正確】 正確使用了“between X and Y”結(jié)構(gòu)。
【大意】 《The Bostonians》的情節(jié)圍繞在Olive Chancellor，一個(gè)激進(jìn)的女性主義者和她迷人又玩世不恭的表弟Basil
Ransom，在他們都發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一個(gè)美麗少女吸引時(shí)之間的爭(zhēng)斗。
(D)developing rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with Basil Ransom, her charming and cynical cousin,
【錯(cuò)誤】 平行結(jié)構(gòu)：見(A)。
(E)active feminist, Olive Chancellor, and the rivalry with her charming and cynical cousin Basil Ransom,
【錯(cuò)誤】 平行結(jié)構(gòu)：“active feminist, Olive Chancellor”和“ the rivalry”邏輯概念上并不平行，因此本選項(xiàng)表意遜于(C) 。
【最優(yōu)解題思路推薦】
“between X and Y”才是正確用法，立即排除(A)和(D)，(B)、(C)、(E)中(C)的平行結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確合理，優(yōu)于其他選項(xiàng)。因此選擇(C)。
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