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雅思考試G類寫作及范文賞析
導(dǎo)語：書信寫作是雅思考試G類小作文中的一種，要寫好英文書信，使用哪種語氣十分重要，這可以準(zhǔn)確地反映出寫信人和收信人之間的關(guān)系，由于G類考生相對于A類考生人數(shù)較少，考生對于書信寫作的重視不夠，在G類分?jǐn)?shù)要求日漸水漲船高的今天，考生尤其要注意書信寫作中極為重要的一點(diǎn)，就是語氣的把握。本文將從四個(gè)方面對于如何選擇合適的語氣和措辭進(jìn)行說明。
一、審題把握
把握好G類書信語氣的第一步，就是要弄清寫信的要求和背景。雅思書信寫作題目就是由背景信息和寫作任務(wù)兩個(gè)部分構(gòu)成的，我們可以將其分成私人信件和事務(wù)性信件兩種類型。寫給親朋好友的信可以歸為前者，如友情信，請看下面這個(gè)例子：
You are going to have a business trip and arrange your friend to look after your children. Write a letter to the friend. You should:
1. Tell him/her which kind of food your children like and dislike
2. Tell him/her which kinds of activities your children can attend
3. Tell him/her the time you will pick up your children.
根據(jù)背景分析，這封書信是寫給朋友請求幫助在自己出差期間照管孩子的，顯而易見，這是一封私人信件，由于對方是摯友，寫信的語氣可以比較輕松和隨意，在說明詳細(xì)內(nèi)容時(shí)，措辭不必講究但要禮貌。
再來看一個(gè)例子：
Your friends have been out on holiday and ask you to stay at their house. However, there is a problem with a piece of equipment in the kitchen. Write a letter to them. In your letter, you should:
1. Describe your feeling at their home
2. Describe what the problem is
3. Describe what action you have done to solve the problem
這是一封抱怨信，寫信人在朋友度假期間幫朋友看管房屋，在信中向朋友說明廚房用具的問題，這并非商務(wù)場合和正式交涉，切不可義正詞嚴(yán)。
You are living in an English-speaking country and the restaurant near you is making a lot of noise everyday. Write a letter to the restaurant owner. In your letter, you should
1. say how you are disturbed by noise
2. give some suggestions to fix the problem
3. tell the owner further action will be taken if this problem remains unsolved.
這封信同屬抱怨信，我們來比較一下它與上一封信的區(qū)別，這封信是寫給餐館經(jīng)理的，說明對于餐館噪聲的不滿，收信人與寫信人并不熟悉甚至從未謀面，過于熟絡(luò)的語氣和措辭，或者在朋友之間使用的抱怨性較強(qiáng)的詞匯都應(yīng)盡量避免。
雅思專家將常見的書信分為以下幾類：詢問信、建議信和求職信一般較為正式;友情信屬于非正式信件;投訴信、道歉信、邀請信、感謝信的語氣要根據(jù)具體情況而定。考生需要注意題目所描述的背景和對收信人的設(shè)定，分清寫信對象，準(zhǔn)確而恰當(dāng)?shù)匕盐疹}目要求，走好G類書信第一步。
二、信頭稱呼
所謂稱呼是指寫信人對收信人的稱呼用語，一般用“dear”開頭，在稱呼后可以用逗號(英式)或是冒號“美式”。
1. 如果是寫給親戚或是關(guān)系密切的朋友，我們習(xí)慣于在“Dear”后加上對其的稱呼或是名字(given name)。如：Dear mother或者是Dear Emma;
2. 如果是寫給一家公司或者不知道具體職銜的人，可以用Dear Sir or Madam或To Whom It May Concern;
3. 如果知道具體職銜但不知其姓氏，可以以其職位稱呼，如Dear Chief Accountant;
4. 如果寫信人知道收信人的姓名和性別，但關(guān)系不夠密切，只屬于一般往來，Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms/Miss Wang會顯得友好卻不隨便;
5. 另外，也可以用學(xué)位及職稱加上姓氏或者全名，如Dear Dr. Will Smith, Dear Prof. (Professor) Jane Austin。
三、語氣斟酌
正文作為整個(gè)信件內(nèi)容最重要的部分，所選用的詞匯和句式無不體現(xiàn)著寫信人的態(tài)度和語氣，應(yīng)該根據(jù)不同的信件內(nèi)容進(jìn)行挑選和斟酌。
1)投訴信
投訴信的收信對象可以是比較熟悉的人，如抱怨鄰居寵物過于吵鬧，也可以是針對公司甚至不熟悉的機(jī)構(gòu)或者某個(gè)事件而寫的，如對社區(qū)體育設(shè)施的拆除表達(dá)不滿。
You heard that a sports center would be closed. Write a letter to the manager. In this letter, you should:
1. Tell how you heard about the news.
2. Say what your opinion is about it.
3. Explain how it impacts your life.
由于對象是某運(yùn)動中心經(jīng)理，措辭方面就應(yīng)該較為禮貌，以下的詞句是可以選取作為陳述問題的句型：
I am writing to you to complain about...
I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with...
There are some problems with … that I wish to bring to attention.
值得注意的是，也完全沒有必要像公文那么正式，只要言語恰當(dāng)就可以。在敘述問題時(shí)可以多以客觀性描述為主，輔以主觀的感受，顯得更有說服力，如：
I found …
I feel quite disappointed that…
在結(jié)尾部分說明期望時(shí)，也可以搭配同樣的語氣：
I hope that the authorities concerned will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as best as they can.
I sincerely hope that it will review its management system, with the view to providing, better service to the public.
We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.
如果是針對鄰居再三出現(xiàn)的已經(jīng)提醒過很多次的問題，我們可以措辭更為非正式一些，如I can hardly bear /tolerate /put up with it any more. 但也不意味著可以出現(xiàn)“guy”等過于口語風(fēng)格化的語句。
2)工作申請信
G類考生許多都是有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人，或者曾經(jīng)有過寫工作申請的經(jīng)歷，由于收信人多是公司或者經(jīng)理級的人，言辭之間應(yīng)該以正式語氣為主：
I wish to apply for the position of…which you advertised in…
I am very interested in exploring the possibility of obtaining a position as … with your company.
結(jié)尾部分在闡述希望約見進(jìn)行面試時(shí)，也選取一些較為緩和語氣的動詞如“hope”來表達(dá)：
I am available for an interview every afternoon. Please contact me at…
I hope that after reviewing my enclosed resume you will kindly give me an interview so that I can elaborate on my studies and working experience.
雅思G類小作文指導(dǎo)：
兩個(gè)基本點(diǎn)：
第一、在考試中，無論遇到哪種類型的書信又或是題目中有任何的具體要求，都要謹(jǐn)記下列的三要素：
1. 明確的指出自己寫信的目的
2. 清晰、準(zhǔn)確的陳述事實(shí)
3. 使用堅(jiān)定但禮貌的語言(這一點(diǎn)與概述中提及的內(nèi)容一致)
在整章中，我會強(qiáng)調(diào)每一種類型書信的“目的”：
如果你寫信是要投訴，就用一句話把問題概括，比如：我買的產(chǎn)品不好用;修理工作不徹底;食物太難吃;新租的房子家具太舊等等
如果你寫信尋求幫助，那就清楚的告訴收信人你遇到了什么困難，你需要哪些具體方面的幫助等
如果你寫求職信，那就說明白為什么你比別人強(qiáng)
總之，一封有著明確“目的”的信，就像是承載著期望的生命。
下面有三封短信，看看它們都帶著什么樣的目的(雅思考試中最常見類型)
NB (提示): 這些書信僅用于了解上述3要素的重要性，但表達(dá)地道、文字精準(zhǔn)，值得學(xué)習(xí);但是正式考試中，除了需要書信的內(nèi)容，還要提供稱謂和落款等內(nèi)容。
書信一、寫信目的：道歉信 (承認(rèn)錯誤、表示歉意、請求原諒、尋求解決方案)
I’m so sorry I missed our appointment for this morning; I got held up in a faculty meeting and could not break away.
Please call me to reschedule. I am available any weekday except Friday from 2 to 4 P.M., and because I missed our meeting I also am willing to drop by the office any time Saturday if that works better for you.
My apologies.
書信二、寫信目的：抱怨信(描述現(xiàn)象、陳述理由、提出解決)
I have just moved into Apartment 32B, and am enjoying my stay here. However, I do have a concern about one of my neighbors.
When I signed my lease it was emphasized to me that there could be no more than two persons living full-time in a studio apartment. That is definitely not the case in the apartment directly above mine, 33B.
During the one month I have been here, there must have been at least six adults and three young children somehow squeezed into that studio apartment at any one time. The constant noise, the traffic into and out of the apartment, and the four cars they use is very annoying.
Please look into the matter and advise me of the resolution as soon as possible.
題目：
A night club just opened near where you live. You are very unhappy about the situation because it disturbs the peace of the neighborhood. Write a letter to your local government official. Say who you are and explain why you are unhappy and suggest what should be done about it.(投訴信)
范文：
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m writing to express my dissatisfaction with the horriblesituation I have been faced with recently.
親愛的先生、女士：
我寫此信是要就我最近所面對的可怕狀況表達(dá)我的不滿。
I’m a resident of Rose Park on St. Johnson Street. I had been enjoying my life since I moved here five years ago. However, a nightclub recently opened right across the street from my apartment block has completelychanged everything.
To begin with, the club itself is very unsightly. It has blackened windows with sexually explicit pictures displayed on the outside, which I find extremely offensive. Also, the noise level during the early hours of the morning is so intense that it has really disturbedmy sleep. Consequently, I find that I am unable to concentrate fully on my job, as I am often too tired.
首先，這家夜總會本身就很不堪入目。其窗戶搞得黑乎乎的，外面貼著相當(dāng)淫穢的畫，這一點(diǎn)令我感到尤其難以忍受。此外，凌晨時(shí)刻的噪音太高，嚴(yán)重影響了我的睡眠，所造成的結(jié)果是由于太過疲倦，我無法全力專注于工作。
I work as a surgeon in the local hospital; therefore, I am sure you can see the gravity of my complaint. Indeed, the consequencesof my making any mistake due to my lack of sleep can be very serious indeed.
我是本地醫(yī)院的外科醫(yī)生，因此，我相信您能夠看到我投訴的嚴(yán)重性。事實(shí)上，由于我缺乏睡眠而造成任何錯誤的后果將是十分嚴(yán)重的。
I understand that, as a member of the local government, you have the power to close the club down. Nevertheless, I know very clearly that people need to make a living and I would not like to be responsible for people losing their jobs. Hence, if you could please ensure that the offensive pictures are removed, and the noise level is kept to a minimumlevel, I would be more than satisfied.
我深知，作為當(dāng)?shù)卣囊粏T，您有權(quán)關(guān)閉這家俱樂部。然而，我也很清楚：人們都需要謀生，而我也不愿意對他人失去工作而負(fù)任何責(zé)任，因此，如果您能確保那些令人難受的畫被撤掉、噪音控制在最低水平，我就將十分滿意了。
I look forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Kenny Gao
期盼得到您的答復(fù)。
您真誠的
Kenny Gao
以上就是百分網(wǎng)小編給大家整理的G類雅思書信寫作范文，非常實(shí)用，小編預(yù)祝大家在雅思考試中取得好成績!
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