托福聽力場景：圖書館

　　托福聽力的場景對話按人物來分可以分為三類：一、學(xué)生和老師的對話 二、學(xué)生和校園工作人員的對話 三、學(xué)生和學(xué)生的對話。從內(nèi)容上來講，學(xué)生和老師一般會討論一些比較偏學(xué)術(shù)的內(nèi)容，學(xué)生和學(xué)生討論的話題則比較雜，生活、學(xué)術(shù)等各種內(nèi)容都可能涉及到，而學(xué)生和校園工作人員的對話則偏向生活化。本文將圍繞對話場景中出現(xiàn)頻率極高的學(xué)生與校園工作人員之一圖書館管理員的對話展開論述，幫助大家了解托福聽力中圖書館場景的常見考點，同時幫助即將出國留學(xué)的同學(xué)們了解國外圖書館的服務(wù)與國內(nèi)的差異。

　　圖書館場景在托福聽力中出現(xiàn)所涉及的內(nèi)容一般如下：資料種類，書刊狀態(tài)，相關(guān)動詞，圖書館各部門名稱，圖書館相關(guān)政策與服務(wù)。下面yjbys網(wǎng)小編就帶大家一起來總結(jié)一下圖書館場景中出現(xiàn)的考點：

　　一、資料種類

　　首先請看以下這段聽力原文：

　　Librarian: Can I help you?

　　Student: Yeah, I need to find a review. It's for my English class. We have to find reviews of the play we are reading. But they have to be from when the play was first performed, so I need to know when that was and I suppose I should start with newspaper reviews and…

　　分析：這是TPO 4 Conversation 1的開頭部分，學(xué)生直接表明前來圖書館的目的。在筆記過程中開頭處開門見山表明主旨內(nèi)容以及直接目的的語句是一定不能放過的，故其中的review, newspaper review等書刊種類詞匯就是必記詞匯，同時因果原則告訴我們so后的內(nèi)容是很有可能出考題的，when…start with也應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在我們的筆記中。再看這個conversation之后需完成的第一道題：

　　Q1. Why does the man need the woman's assistance? Click on 2 answers.

　　m He does not know the publication date of some reviews he needs.

　　m He does not know the location of the library's video collection of plays.

　　m He does not know how to find out where the play is currently being performed.

　　m He does not know how to determine which newspaper he should look at.

　　根據(jù)筆記可選出答案：第一個選項。由此可見，在托福聽力的圖書館場景中，所借資料種類的詞匯是必須掌握的內(nèi)容之一。新東方托�？荚嚲W(wǎng)站提醒大家需要掌握的常見資料種類還包括：magazine, periodical期刊，current issue現(xiàn)刊，back issue過刊，reference參考書目，textbook教科書，encyclopedia百科全書，fiction小說等。

　　在考查資料種類的同時，一些對話也會在所借資料的用途上出考題。

　　TPO 9 Conversation 2

　　S: Excuse me. Can you help me with something?

　　L: I'll do my best. What do you need?

　　S: Well, I've received a letter in my mailbox saying that I'm supposed to return a book that I checked out back in January, it's call "Modern Social Problems". But because I'm writing my senior thesis, I'm supposed to be able to keep the book all semester.

　　分析：在原因連接詞because之后出現(xiàn)的借書原因就是第一題考點的出處：

　　Q1. What are the speakers mainly discussing?

　　m A book that the man is trying to find in the library

　　m A book that the man already returned to the library

　　m A book that the man is using to write his senior thesis

　　m A book that the man lent to his sociology professor

　　答案顯而易見就是第三個選項。新東方托福考試網(wǎng)站提醒同學(xué)們一般情況下，在托福聽力中學(xué)生借書的目的大部分都是寫論文或者完成教授的某一項任務(wù)。

　　二、書刊狀態(tài)

　　圖書館場景里書刊狀態(tài)主要包括以下這幾種：available可借的，out on loan=out of circulation已借出，on reserve被預(yù)約，closed reserve/not for circulation只讀不借，due到期，overdue過期，renewed被續(xù)借的，recalled被召回的。這些詞匯大家全部都要掌握，比如在TPO 14 Conversation 1中圖書管理員與學(xué)生的對話：

　　Student: Hi, I am looking for this book---the American judicial system. And I can't seem to find it anywhere. I need to read a chapter for my political science class.

　　Librarian: Let me check in the computer. Um… doesn't seem to be checked out and it's not on reserve. You've checked the shelves I assume.

　　Student: Yeah, I even checked other shelves and tables next to where the book should be.

　　Librarian: Well, it's still here in the library. So people must be using it. You know this seems to be a very popular book tonight. We show six copies. None are checked out. And, yet you didn't even find one copy on the shelves. Is it a big class?

　　分析：學(xué)生詢問一本書的位置，圖書管理員在排除了各種狀態(tài)之后才得出結(jié)論，可見大家對于各種狀態(tài)都要掌握。在TPO 9 Conversation 2中學(xué)生詢問圖書管理員為什么他已經(jīng)得到了extended borrowing privileges的書卻被要求歸還，管理員回答就是只要有其他人來借同本書，這本書就會被recalled。

　　三、相關(guān)動詞

　　圖書館場景中必然會出現(xiàn)一些常用動詞，如borrow, return這類簡單的詞匯，也會出現(xiàn)check in, check out, renew續(xù)借，recall召回，pay the fine付罰金，reserve, book預(yù)約或extend borrowing privilege延長借書期，photocopy等詞匯，大家都需要牢牢記住。

　　如TPO 9 Conversation 2中的對話：

　　L: Do you need all of it or is there a certain section or chapter you're working with?

　　S: I guess there is one particular chapter I've been using lately for a section of my thesis. Why?

　　L: Well, you can photocopy up to one chapter of the book. Why don't you do that for the chapter you're working on right now? And by the time you need the rest of the book, maybe it will have been returned. We can even do the photocopy for you because of the circumstances.

　　分析：學(xué)生表示只需用到其中一個chapter, 圖書管理員隨即表示可以幫他photocopy這個chapter。

　　Q. What does the woman offer to do for the man?

　　m Let the man know when a book he needs is returned to the library

　　m Photocopy a chapter of a book for him

　　m Ask a professor to return a book the man needs

　　m Find a copy of a book for him at another library

　　根據(jù)以上對話可判斷第二個選項為本題答案。

　　四、圖書館各部門名稱

　　TPO 7 Conversation 2的內(nèi)容為一個學(xué)生前來了解學(xué)校圖書館的各部門名稱與位置，其中提及的各種名稱都是大家在備考過程中必須掌握的，包括collection of rare books, photo copier room, history section, internet section, front desk等等。除此之外，大家也需要掌握以下同類詞匯audio-video center視聽中心，database數(shù)據(jù)庫，copy room復(fù)印室。

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