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英語寫作十大角度
引導(dǎo)語：用英語寫作是大學(xué)生應(yīng)具備的能力之一，但目前不少大學(xué)生不能用英語進(jìn)行有效的書面交流，原因之一是不了解英語作文的類型及其特點(diǎn)。小編整理了英語寫作的十大角度及其范文，供大家學(xué)習(xí)：
一、心態(tài)哲理話題
這類話題包括什么是幸福、生命的意義、夢(mèng)想的重要性之類的�？嫉膬�(nèi)容都跟人的成長、成功的心態(tài)、價(jià)值觀、優(yōu)秀的素質(zhì)相關(guān)。比如說四級(jí)也考過沒有強(qiáng)大的意識(shí)什么都做不成，六級(jí)考過在通往成功的路上要做好準(zhǔn)備。同學(xué)們要注意積累與這些話題相關(guān)的詞匯。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Way to Success by commenting on Abraham Lincoln’s famous remark,“Give me six hours to chop down a tree, and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
The Way to Success
“Give me six hours to chop down a tree , and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe.”Abraham Lincoln once said. Although four hours seem to be quite a long time, it can help people chop down the tree more smoothly and less laboriously in the rest two hours. It is obvious that a full preparation can enhance the efficiency of trees-chopping.
The saying aims at informing us of the significance of adequate preparation. Definitely , we can’t emphasize the importance of full preparation too much in our pursuit of success. A full preparation enables us to achieve our objectives and realize our dreams more smoothly and rapidly. The more preparation we make, the more likely we are to become confidence, reduce the risks of failure and seize the fleeting opportunities. For example, when graduates hunt for jobs, it is those who are well prepared that can surpass other candidates and get the offer finally.
Accordingly, at no time should we overlook the power of preparation. Besides, we need to set up a proper goal, carry out a full investigation and elaborate a detailed plan before we take actions. “Preparation breeds success.” Benjamin Franklin also once said. (200 words)
參考譯文：
“給我留個(gè)小時(shí)砍掉一棵樹，那么我會(huì)花前面的四個(gè)小時(shí)來磨斧子�！眮啿�.林肯曾經(jīng)說過。雖然四個(gè)小時(shí)看起來是挺長的一段時(shí)間，然而它卻可以幫助人們?cè)谑Ｓ嗟膬蓚�(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)更加順利和省力地砍掉樹木。很明顯，充分的準(zhǔn)備工作可以提高砍樹的效率。
這句話目的在于高速我們充分準(zhǔn)備的重要性。確實(shí)，沒有人可以否認(rèn)充分準(zhǔn)備在我們追求成功過程中的重要性。充分準(zhǔn)備可以使我們更加順利和快速地達(dá)成目標(biāo)、實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。我們做的準(zhǔn)備越多，我們就更有可能變得自信、減少失敗的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并且抓住稍縱即逝的機(jī)會(huì)。舉個(gè)例子，當(dāng)畢業(yè)生在找工作的時(shí)候，正是那些做了充分準(zhǔn)備的人才可以超越其他的候選人并且最終贏得工作機(jī)會(huì)。
因此，我們?nèi)魏螘r(shí)候都不能忽略充分準(zhǔn)備的重要性。并且，在我們采取任何行動(dòng)之前，我們都應(yīng)該設(shè)定合適的目標(biāo)，展開充分的調(diào)查并且制定詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃。本杰明.富蘭克林也曾經(jīng)說過：“成功孕育于準(zhǔn)備當(dāng)中。”
二、文化教育話題
這類話題包括論傳統(tǒng)文化的六十、海外留學(xué)等，這類話題最近幾年沒怎么考過，同學(xué)們要引起重視。
From the cartoon given above, we can observe that there are two people watching Peking Opera. With the actress performing vividly on the stage, the old man is watching attentively. However, the little boy sitting beside does not even cast a glance at the actress and falls sleepy. It is obvious that he shows no interest in Peking Opera.
The cartoon reflects an interesting and usual respect of daily life. However, from a deeper perspectives, it also reveals the gradual loss of traditional culture in modern society. What exactly contribute to this phenomenon ? Possible reasons could be listed as follows: for one thing, quite a few people, especially youngsters, hold that Chinese traditional culture is out-dated and of little use in modern society. Perhaps, from their perspective, traditional culture form the distant past can hardly adapt to or keep pace with the ever-changing new world. Moreover, exotic cultures, to some extent, have also posed a great challenge to the traditional culture of China. As we can see, a large body of people have been attracted by foreign cultures which feature diversity, novelty and richness —Crazy fans of foreign TV programs, electronic products or even ways of life abound in our daily life.
However, no one can deny the significance of Chinese traditional culture. It is the crystallization of Chinese wisdom and civilization. An individual or nation showing no respect to the essence of traditional culture cannot be expected to develop and be stronger. Hence, something could and should be done to reverse the inexorable decline in the emphasis of Chinese traditional culture. (263)
參考譯文：
如上圖所示，我們可以看到有兩個(gè)人正在看京劇。當(dāng)女演員生動(dòng)地在舞臺(tái)上表演，老者專心致志地看著。然而，坐在邊上的小男孩甚至都沒有瞥一眼女演員并且睡著了。很明顯，他對(duì)京劇沒有什么興趣。
這幅圖畫反應(yīng)了日常生活中有趣而又平常的一面。然而，從更為深層的角度來看，它也揭示了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中的傳統(tǒng)文化的流失。是什么導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)現(xiàn)象?是什么導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)現(xiàn)象?可能的理由可以羅列如下：首先，相當(dāng)多的人，尤其是年輕人，認(rèn)為中國傳統(tǒng)文化在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中過時(shí)而且沒有什么用了。也許，在他們看來，來自遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的傳統(tǒng)文化幾乎是不能適應(yīng)和跟得上持續(xù)變化的新世界的。再者，外來文化也在某種程度上對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化造成了巨大的威脅。正如我們所能看見的，相當(dāng)多的人已經(jīng)被以多樣性、新穎性和豐富性為特征的國外文化吸引了 — 對(duì)國外電視節(jié)目，電子產(chǎn)品甚至是生活方式狂熱的粉絲在我們生活中比比皆是。
然而，沒有人可以否認(rèn)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要性。它是中國智慧和文明的結(jié)晶。一個(gè)不尊重傳統(tǒng)文化的精髓的民族和個(gè)人是無法發(fā)展和強(qiáng)大的。因此，我們可以也應(yīng)該做一些事情，來扭轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)在人們對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)文化的重視的不可遏制的下降。
三、商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)與行業(yè)發(fā)展
這類話題包括電子商務(wù)、汽車、飲食、境外旅游行業(yè)的發(fā)展。這對(duì)題目要對(duì)發(fā)展的原因、根源進(jìn)行分析。
From the bar chart given above, we can observe that the number of people traveling abroad experienced some changes in China during the past several years. From 1999 to 2000, the number of Chinese people traveling abroad increased rapidly from 7.5 million to 10 million, and then to 12.1 million in 2001.
The bar chart reveals that people in mounting numbers are going to travel abroad. What exactly contribute to this phenomenon? Reasons can be listed as follows: for one thing, the authorities have issued some preferential policies to promote the development of the overseas tourism industry, which encourages a sudden emergence of travel agencies that can provide customers with convenient overseas tourism services. Additionally, with the improvement of financial status and purchasing power, a considerable number of Chinese people can afford the once-deemed-expensive traveling expenses. Last but not least, as there exists huge difference in cultures, customs and landscapes between China and overseas countries, quite a few people hold that overseas traveling is not only a perfect way to relax oneself, but also a good chance to enrich their knowledge and expand their horizons.
By observing the trend in the past, we may forecast that the growth tendency will continue. However，overseas tourism is also a highly variable industry which is vulnerable to seasons and climates， international political situation，fluctuations in exchange. (226 words)
參考譯文：
如圖所示，我們可以看到中國出國旅游的人數(shù)在過去幾年經(jīng)歷了一些變化。從1999年到2000年，出國旅游的人數(shù)從750萬快速地增長到1000萬，然后又快速地增長到2001年的1210萬。
這幅柱狀圖揭示了越來越多的人去海外旅游。到底是什么導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)現(xiàn)象?理由可以羅列如下：政府發(fā)布了一些優(yōu)惠政策來推進(jìn)境外旅游行業(yè)的發(fā)展，這促使很多旅行社一夜之間就冒出來了，這些旅行社為消費(fèi)者提供了便利的境外旅游服務(wù)。其次，隨著財(cái)務(wù)狀況和購買力的提升，相當(dāng)多的中國人可以承當(dāng)曾經(jīng)被視為昂貴的出國旅游費(fèi)用。最后，因?yàn)橹袊秃Ｍ鈬以谖幕�、�?xí)俗和風(fēng)景上存在很大的差異，相當(dāng)多的人都認(rèn)為海外旅游不僅僅是放松自己的完美方式，也是一個(gè)豐富知識(shí)和拓寬視野的好機(jī)會(huì)。
通過觀察過去的趨勢(shì)，我們也許可以預(yù)測(cè)這種增長的趨勢(shì)會(huì)繼續(xù)下去。然而，境外旅游也是一個(gè)高度變化的行業(yè)，它很容易受到季節(jié)和氣候、國際政治局勢(shì)以及匯率波動(dòng)的影響。
四、就業(yè)與職場(chǎng)話題
這類話題包括大學(xué)生畢業(yè)后有人讀研、有人進(jìn)私企、有人進(jìn)國有企業(yè)，或者大學(xué)生頻頻跳槽。
The two pie charts given above reflect the changes of employment of university graduates. From 1992 to 2002, the proportion of graduates going to graduate school and joint-venture remained unchanged at 25%. The proportion of graduates who intended to join state-owned firms increased markedly from 50% to 20%. However, the percentage of graduates with intention of entering private firm increased dramatically from 20% to 50%.
We learn from the pie charts that more graduates tend to choose private firms while less of them would like to work for state-owned firms after graduation. What might account for this phenomenon? Possible reasons can be listed as follows: for one thing, quite a few graduates come to know that, compared with state-owned firms, private firms can provide them with higher salaries. Moreover, private firms are famous for scientific management and fair competition, they seem to enjoy more experience and opportunities. Last but not least, some graduates hold that private firms surpass state-owned firms in working conditions, career promotion and personal relationships.
Graduates do have rights to choose their ideal firms. However, they should also bear in mind that what kind of firms will not determine how successful they will be. It is their abilities, attitudes and diligence that determine how long they can go. (211 words)
參考譯文：
這兩幅餅狀圖反應(yīng)了大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的變化。從1992年到2000年，畢業(yè)后讀研和加入合資企業(yè)的畢業(yè)生的比例維持在25%不變。畢業(yè)后想加入國有企業(yè)的學(xué)生的比例快速地從50%下降到20%。然而，畢業(yè)后想去外企的學(xué)生的比例從20%迅速增加到了50%。
我們從餅狀圖中得知，越來越多的畢業(yè)生在畢業(yè)后選擇私企而越來越少的學(xué)生愿意到國有企業(yè)工作。如何解釋這個(gè)現(xiàn)象?可能的理由可以羅列如下：首先，相當(dāng)多的畢業(yè)生逐漸知道，與國營企業(yè)相比，私企能夠?yàn)樗麄兲峁└S厚的薪水。其次，私營企業(yè)以科學(xué)的管理和公平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而聞名，他們似乎可以在私營企業(yè)里獲得更多的鍛煉和機(jī)會(huì)。最后，有些人認(rèn)為，在工作環(huán)境、職場(chǎng)晉升和人際關(guān)系方面，私企也勝過國企。
畢業(yè)生確實(shí)有選擇自己理想的公司的權(quán)利。然而，他們也應(yīng)該牢記在心，什么樣類型的公司不能決定他們會(huì)如何成功。倒是他們的能力、態(tài)度和勤奮會(huì)決定他們能夠走多遠(yuǎn)。
五、網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技話題
這類話題近幾年考的比較多。去年四級(jí)真題中全部都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)話題。今年考的可能性可能相對(duì)小一些，但是同學(xué)們也要在自己腦中儲(chǔ)備一篇范文以備不時(shí)之需。
The bar chart given above reflects that the number of readers choosing paper book or electronic books experienced some changes during the past four years. The number of paper book readers decreased slowly from 10 million in 2010 to 8 million in 2013. However, during the same period, the number of electronic book readers increased steadily from 8 million to 12 million.
We learn from the bar chart that people in mounting numbers would like to choose electronic books while less people like paper books. What might account for this phenomenon? Reasons can be listed as follows: for one thing, with the widespread availability of electronic devices such as smartphones，tablet PC and Electronic Reader，it is much easier for electronic books to be applied and popularized. Secondly, compared with paper books, electronic books are characterized by convenience in terms of carrying and saving spaces. Furthermore, the costs of purchasing and downloading electronic books are lower that of paper books, which enables readers to save a great deal of money. Last but not least, electronic books sometimes stand for high fashion and efficiency.
Whether electronic books will totally replace paper books one day still seems to be uncertain. However, no matter what kind of books will vanish, the habit of reading books should not be eliminated. (218 words)
參考譯文：
這幅所給的柱狀圖反應(yīng)了紙質(zhì)圖書和電子版圖書的閱讀者的數(shù)量在過去的四年發(fā)生了一些變化。紙質(zhì)書籍的讀者的數(shù)量從2010年的1000萬緩慢下降到2013年的800萬。而相反的是，電子書讀者的數(shù)量從800萬穩(wěn)定增加到1200萬。
我們從這幅柱狀圖中得知，越來越多的人愿意選擇電子書而越來越少得人喜歡紙質(zhì)書。有什么可以解釋這個(gè)現(xiàn)象?理由可以羅列如下：首先，隨著諸如智能手機(jī)、平板電腦、電子閱讀身背這樣的電子產(chǎn)品的廣泛普及，電子書的使用和傳播變得相對(duì)容易。其次，相比紙質(zhì)書而言，電子書的攜帶更加方便，也更加節(jié)省空間。再者，購買或下載電子書的成本比購買書籍要低得多，這可以為讀者省下一大筆錢。最后，電子書似乎也是一種時(shí)尚和高效的象征。
是否電子書會(huì)在某天徹底取代紙質(zhì)書不得而知。然而，不管哪種書會(huì)消失，閱讀的習(xí)慣是不能消失的。
六、環(huán)境資源話題
近幾年大家對(duì)環(huán)境資源話題非常關(guān)注，包括空氣污染、霧霾、水資源短缺，但是四六級(jí)作文中都沒有考過，今年同學(xué)們也引起重視。
The cartoon vividly reveals the phenomenon of air pollution or the decline of air quality. What exactly contribute to this phenomenon? Possible reasons can be listed as follows: firstly, vehicle exhaust gases could be one of the most leading causes. With the improvement of economy and people’s living standard, urban inhabitants in mounting numbers own their private cars. More automobiles will inevitably generate more exhaust gases. Additionally, household appliances widely used in cities also release a great mount of carbon dioxide gases, which further intensifies air pollution. Last but not least, many factories around the cities emit large quantities of untreated poisonous gases, which should also be responsible for the decline of air quality.
Definitely, air pollution will exert a detrimental impact on many aspects of people’s life. For example, many diseases such as cough, skin problem and lang cancer are caused by it. Perhaps it is high time that we should adopt some measures to solve the problem of air pollution.
參考譯文：
此圖生動(dòng)地揭示了空氣污染和空氣質(zhì)量下降的現(xiàn)象。到底是什么導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)現(xiàn)象?可能的理由羅列如下：首先，機(jī)動(dòng)車的尾氣排放是最主要的原因之一。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人們生活水平的提高，越來越多的城市居民都擁有了自己的汽車，而更多地汽車勢(shì)必帶來大量的尾氣排放。其次，城市里廣泛使用的家用電器排放了大量的二氧化碳，這也進(jìn)一步加劇了空氣污染。最后，城市周邊的很多的工廠，也每天向空氣中排放大量的未經(jīng)處理的有毒氣體,這也導(dǎo)致了空氣質(zhì)量的下降。
很明顯，空氣污染會(huì)對(duì)人們生活的很多方面造成有害的影響。舉例，很多諸如咳嗽、皮膚問題和肺癌這樣的疾病都是由空氣污染所引起的�；蛟S我們是時(shí)候采取一些措施來處理空氣污染這個(gè)問題了。
七、倫理道德話題
這類話題包括社會(huì)公德話題，老人倒了要不要扶之類的。還有食品安全問題、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量下降問題。
From the cartoon given above，we can observe that there are many people in a bus. When seeing that an elder man is entering into the bus, the old man near the seat just stands up instantly, says “ please have a seat here” and offers his seat to the elder one. However, all of the other people around, young and healthy, show no intention of giving seats to the old and infirm man.
The cartoon aims at informing us of the phenomenon of the gradual loss of social morality. Quite a few people today are selfish and egocentric. when putting self-interest in the first place, they tend to overlook others’ benefit or feelings and become nonchalant. Moreover, this phenomenon can also be attributed to people’s concern that their social morality, which can be best expressed through kindness, hospitality and warm-hearted behaviors, will sometimes invite unnecessary trouble.
However，no one can deny the importance of social morality. It is conducive to the harmony of society, people equipped with the awareness of social morality are more likely to provide others with a helping hand, endeavor to abide by social orders and curb on their undesirable behaviors. Confronted with the inexorable decline in the emphasis of social ethics, we should adopt some measures to reverse the current situation. (218 words)
參考譯文：
根據(jù)上面所給的這幅漫畫，我們看到有很多人在bus上。當(dāng)看到有個(gè)老者正進(jìn)入車子，一旁的老人馬上站了起來，并說：“請(qǐng)坐我的位置”然后把座位讓了出來。然而，周圍其余的所有人，他們年輕而且健康，卻沒有顯示出任何想要給這位年長且虛弱的老人讓位的想法。
這幅漫畫旨在告訴我們一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，關(guān)于社會(huì)公德的逐漸缺失。現(xiàn)在相當(dāng)多的人都很自私，以自我為中心。而當(dāng)把自己的個(gè)人利益放在首位的時(shí)候，他們往往就會(huì)忽略別人的利益和感受并且變得冷漠。再者，這個(gè)現(xiàn)象也可以歸因于人們的某種擔(dān)心，他們擔(dān)心通過友善、熱忱和熱心的行為而得到良好展示的社會(huì)公德心，有些時(shí)候反倒會(huì)給他們帶來不必要的麻煩。
然而，沒有人可以忽略社會(huì)公德的重要性。它有利于社會(huì)和諧，擁有社會(huì)公德意識(shí)的人們更有可能為別人提供援助之手，努力地遵守社會(huì)規(guī)則并且約束自己的不良行為。面對(duì)對(duì)社會(huì)公德的重要性的不可抑制的下滑，政府應(yīng)該開展大規(guī)模的教育運(yùn)動(dòng)來營造出一種尊重社會(huì)公德的氛圍。與此同時(shí)，我們自己也應(yīng)該提高意識(shí)。
八、家庭與兩代關(guān)系
包括代溝、對(duì)孩子過分保護(hù)、過分溺愛、只關(guān)心下一代忽略老人。
As can be seen from the picture, the department in a store which sells nutritive products for children is surrounded by crowds of parents, making the salespeople extremely busy. In contrast, the neighboring department that sells similar products for the elderly seems rather deserted by customers. Its saleswoman feels so bored that she can not resist falling asleep.
The picture mirrors a common social phenomenon from a unique angle—people tend to care more for the next generation than the previous one. On the one hand, young couples dote on children, most of whom are the “only children”. Parents endeavor to prepare their kids for a bright future by raising them healthily. On the other hand, young couples fail to spend time with their old parents, and some of them are even too mean to provide the old with at least a decent living environment.
I think such a trend is quite abnormal and distressing. Filial duty used to be the most highly prized virtue among the Chinese for over two thousand years. Busy as people are, the duty should not be easily shirked. Supplying our old parents with material and emotional supports is not only a repayment to them, but can also set a good example to educate the youth.
參考譯文：
從圖中我們可以看到，一家商店中的兒童營養(yǎng)品專柜前擠滿了父母?jìng)�，以至于售貨員幾乎要忙不過來了。而隔壁的老年?duì)I養(yǎng)品專柜看起來似乎已經(jīng)被顧客們遺忘了。這個(gè)售貨員甚至無聊得睡著了。
這幅圖從一個(gè)獨(dú)特的視角反映了一個(gè)普遍的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，即人們對(duì)于下一代的關(guān)心超過了上一代。一方面，年輕的夫婦們把大部分的注意力都放在他們的獨(dú)生子女身上，讓他們健康地成長并為他們創(chuàng)造美好的未來。另一方面，年輕夫婦們沒能花時(shí)間和他們的老父母?jìng)冊(cè)谝黄�，有一些人甚至吝嗇得不肯給父母提供像樣的居住環(huán)境。
我認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)非常不正常和令人沮喪的現(xiàn)象。子女孝敬老人的義務(wù)一直是中國兩千多年的歷史中最為推崇的美德�，F(xiàn)代人即使非常忙，但也不應(yīng)該把這一義務(wù)拋之腦后。為父母?jìng)兲峁┪镔|(zhì)和精神上的關(guān)愛和支持不僅是對(duì)他們的回報(bào)，也為教育年輕一代樹立了榜樣。
九、青少年問題
偶像崇拜、獨(dú)立性缺失
From the picture given above, we can observe that there are two young men using different ways to show admiration towards their role model. By writing “Beckham” on his face, the man on the left picture expresses his intense enthusiasm for Beckham. Meanwhile, to make himself resemble his idol, the man on the right picture spends 300 RMB making a Beckham’s hairstyle.
The cartoon aims at informing us of the phenomenon that many adolescents admire their role models in an excessive and blind way. Quite a few reasons can account for this: for one thing, with the mass media spreading the positive image of superstars, young people can hardly resist the charm of them. They regard superstars as their examples and desire to be people like them. For another, youngsters’ craze for superstars can also be attributed to the influence of the force of“group dynamics” :when members of their social networks show great enthusiasm for some idols, young people are so easily influenced by their friends or classmates and then imitate the behavior they see. This could be a subtle form of peer pressure.
We cannot draw an absolute conclusion whether idol-worship is good or bad. Simply imitating role model’s dresses or behaviors, youngsters may lose themselves and it will definitely interfere with their personal life or studies. However，when learning idols’ diligence, spirit and ambitions, young people can transform their worship towards idols into the passion for life, the stimulus to success and the driving force of struggling. Hence, whether idol worship is positive or negative is up to youngsters themselves. (272 words)
參考譯文：
如圖所示，我們可以看到有兩個(gè)年輕人用不同的方式展現(xiàn)對(duì)他們的偶像的仰慕。通過把貝克漢姆寫在臉上，左邊這個(gè)人表達(dá)了對(duì)貝克漢姆的熱情喜愛。同時(shí)，為了使自己更加像偶像，右邊這個(gè)人花了300元錢做了貝克漢姆的發(fā)型。
這幅漫畫在于告訴我們一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，那就是，很多的青少年都以過度而盲目的方式崇拜偶像。相當(dāng)多的理由可以解釋這個(gè)現(xiàn)象：首先，大眾傳媒傳播明星的積極形象，年輕人幾乎無法拒絕他們的魅力。他們將偶像當(dāng)成自己的榜樣，并且渴望成為他們那樣的人。另外，年輕人對(duì)明星的崇拜也可以歸結(jié)為所謂的“群體動(dòng)力學(xué)”的力量的影響：當(dāng)他們社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的成員顯示出對(duì)某些偶像的巨大熱情，年輕人很容易受到他們的朋友和同學(xué)的影響并且模仿他們所看到的行為。這是一種同齡人壓力的潛在形式。
我們無法得出絕對(duì)的結(jié)論，是否偶像崇拜是好還是壞。如果只是模仿明星的穿著、行為，年輕人可能會(huì)失去自我，這很明顯會(huì)影響他們的個(gè)人生活和學(xué)習(xí)。然而，當(dāng)他們學(xué)習(xí)偶像的勤奮、精神和上進(jìn)心的時(shí)候，年輕人可以將偶像崇拜化為對(duì)生活的激情，成功的動(dòng)力和奮斗的驅(qū)動(dòng)力。因此，偶像崇拜是好是壞，由年輕人們自己決定。
十、學(xué)生生活
大學(xué)生兼職、考研。
Directions:
In this part, you are to write a composition of no less than 150 words about “College Graduates Work as Village Officials”. You should write according to the outline given below. Please remember to write it clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.
Some college graduates choose to work as village officials.
1.Do you think it is a good idea?
2.What can they offer the countryside?
3.What can they gain from their village positions?
Nowadays, there is a growing tendency that college graduates in mounting numbers choose to work as village officials after graduation. People’s attitudes towards this phenomenon differ sharply. Some hold the positive view while others are against it. From my perspective, I believe that it is a wise choice.
The reason why I support them can be listed as follows: on the one hand, college graduates can contribute a lot to the development of the countryside. Firstly, having received formal education and professional training in universities, college graduates can help peasants master advanced technology. Besides, by spreading and introducing new concepts, they can also accelerate the development of rural culture. Consequently, the gap between the city and the countryside can be gradually narrowed. On the other hand, college graduates themselves can also benefit a lot from being village officials. In the first place, working in rural areas with adverse environmental condition and lower living standard, they are more likely to foster a spirit of hard-working and independence. Moreover, compared with their peers competing for limited positions, those who work as village officials enjoy more opportunities and are more likely to bring their abilities and potential into full play.
Therefore, it is a win-win choice for college graduates to work as village officials and more graduates should be encouraged to work in the countryside. (220 words)
參考譯文：
現(xiàn)在，有一種愈發(fā)明顯的趨勢(shì)，越來越多的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生選擇畢業(yè)后當(dāng)村官。人們對(duì)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象的態(tài)度明顯不同。有些人持有積極的態(tài)度，而有些人反對(duì)。就我而言，這是一個(gè)明智的選擇。
我支持他們的理由可以羅列如下：首先，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生可以對(duì)農(nóng)村的發(fā)展做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)。一，在大學(xué)接受了正規(guī)教育和專業(yè)訓(xùn)練后，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生可以幫助農(nóng)民掌握先進(jìn)的技術(shù)。再者，通過傳播和引入一些新的概念，他們也可以促進(jìn)農(nóng)村文化的發(fā)展。因此，農(nóng)村和城市的差距可以逐漸減少。另外一方面，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生自身也可以從當(dāng)村官這件事中受益良多。一、在農(nóng)村惡劣的環(huán)境和較低的生活質(zhì)量下工作，他們更有可能養(yǎng)成努力和獨(dú)立的精神。再者，與他們?cè)诔鞘袪?zhēng)奪優(yōu)先的職位的同齡人想必，當(dāng)村官的學(xué)生擁有更多地機(jī)會(huì)并且更有可能充分發(fā)揮自己的潛能。
因此，當(dāng)村官是一個(gè)雙贏的選擇，而且更多地畢業(yè)生應(yīng)該被鼓勵(lì)到農(nóng)村工作。
無論怎樣的英語寫作角度都是來源于生活時(shí)事，學(xué)生要提高英語寫作就要貼近生活，了解新聞熱點(diǎn)。
拓展：高效訓(xùn)練英語寫作的方法
一、制定周密的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃，科學(xué)制定目標(biāo)
1.寫前準(zhǔn)備階段。此階段要求學(xué)生掌握一定量的單詞、短語、句型。圍繞英語詞匯手冊(cè)，強(qiáng)化單詞記憶， 每天規(guī)定一定量的記憶任務(wù)， 進(jìn)行抽查、聽寫、單句翻譯。結(jié)合第一輪語法復(fù)習(xí)，明確句子的基本構(gòu)成，掌握怎樣的句子才是正確無誤的，特別對(duì)動(dòng)詞這一詞類進(jìn)行單項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)， 更應(yīng)該講清楚、講透徹。一段時(shí)間訓(xùn)練后，再教學(xué)生寫出含有時(shí)間、條件、因果、原因等狀語從句的復(fù)合句。
2.半控制階段。在第一階段訓(xùn)練的基礎(chǔ)上，教師應(yīng)指導(dǎo)學(xué)生如何將單句連成段落，連成文。有意識(shí)的教會(huì)學(xué)生一些關(guān)聯(lián)詞。如表示時(shí)間順序first,second, third, after, before, soon, as soon as, inthe beginning, at first, then, in the end, since, atlast 等等， 學(xué)會(huì)添加not only…but also…， neither…nor…， besides, however, but, although 等， 這樣保證書面表達(dá)不等同于單句翻譯，而是意思連貫的一段話。此階段需花一個(gè)月左右的時(shí)間，教師可出一些單句要求學(xué)生按邏輯順序，添加適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語連成段落的練習(xí)，有目的地訓(xùn)練。除此以外，還可結(jié)合課文教學(xué)做一些仿寫、改寫、復(fù)述練習(xí)，教師給出一些詞、句要求學(xué)生連成段落。
3.自由寫作階段。訓(xùn)練各種文體的寫作，分類掌握各種問題的特點(diǎn)，各類文體各個(gè)突破。想在考試中有必勝的把握，則必須掌握各種文體的訓(xùn)練。以上各階段循序漸進(jìn)、由易到難，經(jīng)過這樣的階段訓(xùn)練， 可避免寫作訓(xùn)練的盲目性和隨意性，有利于提高學(xué)生的寫作水平。
二、圍繞各階段目標(biāo)，訓(xùn)練方法多樣化
訓(xùn)練方法多樣化，可以嘗試采用以下幾種方法：
1.將聽、說、讀、寫有機(jī)結(jié)合起來。
在課堂，教師可經(jīng)常要求學(xué)生口頭回答問題， 口頭翻譯句子，重復(fù)教師所講的重要句子， 背誦課文中的重要短語、句型，甚至精彩段落。復(fù)習(xí)好某些重要短語、句型后，要求將所列的短語、句型連成一段語句通順的話，切實(shí)做到學(xué)以致用，這樣既加深了單詞、短語、句型的印象，又進(jìn)行了書面表達(dá)的訓(xùn)練。除此以外還要經(jīng)常要求學(xué)生寫各段的中心大意(Main idea),文章的概要(Summary),縮寫或改寫文章，將戲劇改寫成故事，聽寫文章大意，或讓學(xué)生口頭復(fù)述，然后動(dòng)筆寫作。
2.將課文復(fù)習(xí)與書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練結(jié)合起來。
在高三總復(fù)習(xí)階段可將高中課文分類復(fù)習(xí)，按各種體裁分類，以便學(xué)生了解各文體的寫作特點(diǎn)，為仿寫、自由寫作做準(zhǔn)備。
3.充分利用高中課文后的練習(xí)訓(xùn)練學(xué)生，用于補(bǔ)差。
4.錯(cuò)題歸檔，補(bǔ)偏救失，寫作要求規(guī)范。
教師指導(dǎo)寫作時(shí)， 自始至終要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的寫作習(xí)慣。寫作符合一定的規(guī)范， 將考試評(píng)分細(xì)則印發(fā)給學(xué)生，反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)，認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，使人人明確標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，人人成為評(píng)卷人。每次寫作之后，先要求學(xué)生自查、自改或互查互改。重點(diǎn)檢查以下幾項(xiàng)：
�、俣涛慕Y(jié)構(gòu)是否離題。
�、诟袷绞欠裾_。
�、蹆�(nèi)容是否完整。
�、芫渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)是否正確。
⑤有無嚴(yán)重語法錯(cuò)誤，語言是否規(guī)范。
�、迺鴮懯欠袂宄�。
�、邌卧~拼寫是否正確。
⑧大小寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)使用是否正確。
檢查后，并打上得分，收交后教師及時(shí)批閱，將普通性錯(cuò)誤歸類講解。
筆者經(jīng)過幾年的總結(jié)，錯(cuò)誤類型大致分為如下幾類：
①本族語的干擾。如在翻譯“為人民服務(wù)”時(shí)常寫成“serve for the people”。
②語義用法不清。
③動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、第三人稱單數(shù)形式、過去式常常用錯(cuò)。如“cost” 寫成“costed”。
�、苷Z法結(jié)構(gòu)邏輯錯(cuò)誤。如“There are many students play basketball on theplayground.”。
對(duì)個(gè)別后進(jìn)生經(jīng)常要面批，講解后要求再重新寫作，優(yōu)秀習(xí)作印發(fā)或張貼出來，后期要求記憶一些范文，這也有益于寫作能力的提高。
三、科學(xué)指導(dǎo)寫作，訓(xùn)練過程程式化
為保證訓(xùn)練短期見效，講究科學(xué)，筆者將寫作過程定為“四步”，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生成為定勢(shì)，這“四步”是：
1.通讀提示，仔細(xì)審題，確定教材、格式及基本時(shí)態(tài)、人稱。這是整個(gè)寫作過程的關(guān)鍵，只有理解正確，才能不走題，寫出的文章才符合要求。
2.明確內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，列出主要短語、句型，這是組織語言形成短文的核心。只有要點(diǎn)全，才能保證在內(nèi)容方面拿高分。
3.組織語言，將詞匯擴(kuò)展成句，添加相關(guān)連詞，形成段落。保證句與句之間的銜接連貫，段與段之間的自然過渡，這是寫作過程中的重要環(huán)節(jié)。
4.仔細(xì)檢查修改，眷眷寫工整、清楚。另外，整個(gè)寫作過程要求學(xué)生要注意語言的靈活運(yùn)用，采用多種方法表達(dá)，避免單一的中文式的翻譯。
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