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主語從句訓練習題
主語從句是指在復合句中充當主語成分的句子，以下是小編整理的主語從句的訓練習題，希望對大家有所幫助
習題
1. “Is Mary from New York City” “I don't know _______.”
A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come
C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from
2. ________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever
3. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.
A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got
4. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
5. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.
A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so
6. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.
A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along
C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along
7. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
8. He asked me ________ with me.
A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was
C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is
9. I am sure ________ he said is true.
A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what
10. I wonder how much ________.
A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost
C. the watch costed D. the watch costs
11. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.
A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for
12. I don't doubt ________ he'll come.
A. that B. if C. what D. whether
13. —“Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang”
—“Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.”
A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it
14. ______ surprised me most was ______ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.
A. That…what B. What…that C. That…which D. What…which
15. ________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.
A. If…do B. That…do C. If…does D. That…does
16. One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.
A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that
17. I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.
A. if B. that C. whether D. which
18. —“Do you know ________”
—“His father is a doctor.”
A. what is his father B. who is his father
C. what his father is D. who his father is
19. They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help.
A. if B. that C. what D. whether
20. She asked ________.
A. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me up
C. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me up what I was doing
21. It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.
A. if B. that C. whether D. how
22. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _________ it was a holiday.
A. except B. except for C. except that D. but for
23. ________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.
A. That B. What C. How D. Which
24. ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.
A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what
25. ____ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
26. ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
27. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.
A. What … that B. That … what C. Why … that D. If … what
28. _________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That B. Why C. How D. Who
29. _______ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.
A. When B. Why C. What D. That
30. _______ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.
A. If B. Where C. That D. What
31. _______ he won't go there is clear to all of us.
A. How B. What C. Why D. This
32. _______ you come or not is up to you.
A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether
33. _______ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody
34. _______ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How;35.Theproblemis________w;A.whyB.whenC.whatD.who;36.thatis_______helikest;A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how;37.thatis______LuXunonce;A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why;38.WhatI
A. Which B. That C. If D. How
35. The problem is ________will go to the meeting.
A. why B. when C. what D. who
36. that is _______ he likes the place so much.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
37. that is ______ Lu Xun once lived.
A. what B. where C. that D. why
38. What I'm considering now _________ the money we need.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
39. Can you tell me __________
A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who
C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman
40. We should think carefully about ________ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.
A. that B. what C. which D. X
41. Can you point out ________ two radios are the best
A. which B. what C. that D. whether
42. ________ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.
A. If B. Whether C. What D. When
43. I asked her in English ________ she was, and she told me ________ she was an actress.
A. who…that B. who…X C. what…X D. how…that
44. Do you know ________
A. what is this used for B. what this is used for
C. which this is used D. that this is used for
45. ________ surprised me most was ________.
A. That…that she spoke Japanese so well B. What…h(huán)ow could she speak Japanese so well
C. What…that she spoke Japanese so well D. That…why she could speak Japanese so well
46. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.
A. That…that you had expected B. What …that you had expected
C. That…what you had expected D. What…what you had expected
答案
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主語從句和定語從句區(qū)別
主語從句
即在復合句中充當主語成分的句子，例如"That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all"，他在很短的時間內(nèi)寫完作文讓我們都很驚訝，此復合句主要描述的是某事讓我們驚訝，某事就是該復合句的主語，因此“That he finished writing the composition in such a short time”便是該復合句的主語從句。
引導主語從句的連詞主要有：
從屬連詞：that whether
連接代詞：who whoever whom whose what whatever which whichever
連接副詞：when where how why
定義：在復合句中充當主語成分的句子叫做主語從句。
主語從句的時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)的影響和限制
�。�1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.
�。�2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.
�。�3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
�。�4）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.
（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.
�。�6）Whatever you did is right.
�。�7）Whom the watch belongs to is unknown.
�。�8）What we need is time.
（9）What we need are good doctors.
名詞性從句的時態(tài)規(guī)則：
1）、主句謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r，從句謂語動詞可以用任何需要的時態(tài)。
I wonder what he is doing now.
Do you know when and where he was born?
I'll write to tell him where I 'll meet him.
2）、主句謂語動詞是過去時，從句謂語動詞一般需用過去時。
（1）從句與主句的謂語動作同時發(fā)生，從句用一般過去時或過去進行時。
I thought that he studied hard.
He told me his son was watching TV.
�。�2）從句謂語動作在主句謂語動作之后，從句用過去將來時。
He said he would spend his holidays in Qingdao.
�。�3）從句謂語動作在主句謂語動作之前，從句用過去完成時。
They told me they had waited for me half an hour.
�。�4）從句如果有表示過去某一具體時間的狀語，仍用過去時。
She told me her brother died in 1945.
3)客觀的條件，從句時態(tài)不受絲毫影響。
（1）從句說明的是不受時間限制的事實或真理（客觀真理）。
The teacher told us that the earth turns from west to east.
He said Asia is the largest continent.
It was true that water freezes at thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit.
�。�2）當從句表示的是反復出現(xiàn)的時態(tài)不變。
She told me that she gets up at six o'clock every morning.
He asked me when the train usually starts.
（3）當從句是用來表達解釋科技內(nèi)容時時態(tài)不變。
�。�4）當從句的謂語動作仍在繼續(xù)時，或者表示現(xiàn)在仍在的狀態(tài)時，時態(tài)不變。
He said that the workers in that factory are trying to fulfill the task in time.
She told me the other day that she is only 10.
�。�5）當從句的動作狀態(tài)還未發(fā)生，要用一般式表示。強調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系。
He said he will wait for me this evening.
小結(jié):
（1）引導主語從句連詞有that,whether,who,what,whatever等。
�。�2）連詞位于句首不能省略。
（3）主語從句大多數(shù)情況下視為第三人稱單數(shù)，但也有例外。
注意：當what引導的名詞性分句作主語時，主謂一致問題極為復雜。著名學者周海中教授在論文《關(guān)于what-分句作主語的主謂一致問題》中就這一問題做了深入研究，并給出了10種的主謂一致關(guān)系。這些一致關(guān)系值得英語學習者和使用者特別注意。
定語從句
一個簡單句跟在一名詞或代詞后（先行詞）進行修飾限定，就叫做定語從句。在主句中充當定語成分。被修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語從句不同于單詞作定語的情況，它通常只能放在被修飾的詞（即先行詞）之后。
定語 從句由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞）引導，關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞位于定語從句句首。
關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語 從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
1）who, whom,that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想見你的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）
2) Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3）which, that
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：
A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未 有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作主語）
The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作賓語）
關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句
關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。
1）when, where, why
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例 如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？
2）that代替關(guān)系副詞
that可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which"引導的定語從 句，在非正式文體中that常被省略（正式文體中不可省略），例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住過的地方。
判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞
方法一： 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要 求用關(guān)系代詞。例如：
�。ㄥe） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
�。ㄥe） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（對） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
�。▽Γ� I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。
方法二： 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系 副詞.先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系代詞；先行詞在從句中作狀語時，應(yīng)選 擇關(guān)系副詞。
例如：（對）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
�。▽Γ㊣s this the museum where the exhibition was held?
從句結(jié)構(gòu)
定語從句公式
定語從句=先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句。
先行詞
指被定語從句修飾的名詞、代詞或句子。
一般先行詞出現(xiàn)在定語從句的前面。
關(guān)系詞
關(guān)系詞常有3個作用：
①連接作用，連接主句和定語從句。
�、谥复刃性~。
�、墼诙ㄕZ從句中擔當成分。
注：關(guān)系代詞有主語、賓語、定語之分。一般who做主語或其賓格形式的whom做賓語(whom作賓語時可省略），whose作為定語（whose不可省略）。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語，賓語，定語等，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作地點狀語（where），時間狀語（when），原因狀語（why）。[1]
定語用來限定、修飾名詞或代詞，是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語（動詞不定式短語、動名詞表示的）漢語中常用“……的”表示。主要由形容詞擔任，此外，名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、分詞、副詞、不定式以及介詞短語也可以來擔任，也可以由一個句子來擔任。單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語。短語、從句作定語時則放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語。
被定語從句修飾的名詞、代詞稱為先行詞。如“the girl”，“the book”
如:She is the girl who likes singing. 她就是那個喜歡唱歌的女孩。
這就是一個定語從句。
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