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職稱英語《理工A》補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題精選
2017年職稱英語考試備考已經(jīng)開始，不少考生已開始準(zhǔn)備2017年職稱英語考試復(fù)習(xí)。為了促進(jìn)大家的學(xué)習(xí)積極性，以下是yjbys網(wǎng)小編整理的關(guān)于職稱英語《理工A》補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題精選，供大家備考。
Toads are Arthritis and in Pain
Arthritis is an illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads, a big problem in the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone, a new study has shown.
The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs.46
The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 1935 in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country,and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year.
The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometers. 47 A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species.
The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. 48
A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney, says that little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breeding quickly.
According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometer a night.
49 But speed and strength come at a price- arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them.
In laboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop (跳躍). 50 These toads are so programmed to move,apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones,continuing their relentless march across the landscape.
A. But this advantage also has a big drawback--up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis.
B. The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads.
C. But arthritis didn't slow down toads outside the laboratory.
D. Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances while the others are being left behind.
E. Toads are not built to be road runners-- they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas.
F. Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australia's native species.
答案與解析：
46.A。從原文來看，第一段的首句要說關(guān)節(jié)疾病(Arthritis)的危害�？瞻滋幥懊嬉痪渲v到那種腿長的大蟾蜍跳得快，空白處應(yīng)該接著談蟾蜍這種腿長的優(yōu)勢，所以A(但是這個優(yōu)勢也有一個大的缺陷，即近10%的蟾蜍會得關(guān)節(jié)疾病)比較合適，不僅接著談長腿的優(yōu)勢，同時也點出了“關(guān)節(jié)病”這一主題詞。
47.B。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講的是蟾蜍現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)蔓延到超過l00萬平方公里的區(qū)域，說明蟾蜍開始泛濫，而空白處后一句說的是一種委內(nèi)瑞拉病毒在90年代開始用來消滅蟾蜍，但之后發(fā)現(xiàn)它也殺本地的青蛙物種，所以就不得不放棄了，所以空格處應(yīng)填入與消除蟾蜍有關(guān)的選項，故B(現(xiàn)在這個國家面臨的任務(wù)就是如何消除蟾蜍)符合原文。
48.F。從原文來看，第三段的首句說蟾蜍嚴(yán)重影響了澳大利亞的生態(tài)環(huán)境�？瞻滋幥懊嬉痪渲v到吃蟾蜍的動物和寵物都被毒死了，而且蟾蜍吃掉了能吃的一切。空白處填入與生態(tài)環(huán)境受到蟾蜍影響有關(guān)的語句，故F(并且，它們很快就占據(jù)了澳大利亞本地物種的自然棲息地)是正確答案。
49.D。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講到研究結(jié)果表明，最快的蟾蜍一個晚上能跑近l公里�？瞻滋幒笠痪渲v的是這種速度和力量卻是要付出代價的。因此，空白處談?wù)摰膽?yīng)該還是有關(guān)速度的話題，所以D(長腿的蟾蜍移動較快并能移動較長的距離，而其他蟾蜍則落在后面)比較符合原文語義。
50.C。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講到研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)跳躍約l5分鐘后，有關(guān)節(jié)炎的蟾蜍每一次跳躍的距離會遞減。空白處后一句提到蟾蜍是程序化的移動，即使有關(guān)節(jié)病的蟾蜍，也跟健康的蟾蜍跳得一樣快，一樣高遠(yuǎn)。前后有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以C選項(但是關(guān)節(jié)疾病不會降低蟾蜍的速度)是正確答案。
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