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職稱英語《理工B》概括大意歷年真題精選
概括大意與完成句子是職稱英語考試的第三大題型，共有8道小題，每題l分，總計8分。這兩種題型一般放到同一篇文章中去考查。以下是yjbys網(wǎng)小編整理的關于職稱英語《理工B》概括大意歷年真題精選，供大家備考。
職稱英語《理工B》概括大意歷年真題精選 1
Climate Change: The Long Reach
(1) Earth is warming. Sea levels are rising. Theres more carbon in the air, and Arctic ice is melting faster than at any time in recorded history. Scientists who study the environment to better gauge (評估) Earths future climate now argue that these changes may not reverse for a very long time.
(2) People burn fossil fuels like coal and oil for energy. That burning releases carbon dioxide, a colorless gas. In the air, this gas traps heat at Earths surface. And the more carbon dioxide released, the more the planet warms. If current consumption of fossil fuels doesnt slow, the long-term climate impacts could last thousands of years--and be more severe than scientists had been expecting. Climatologist Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaii at Manoa offers this conclusion in a new paper.
(3) Most climate-change studies look at whats going to happen in the next century or so. During that time, changes in the planets environment could nudge ( 推動) global warming even higher. For example: Snow and ice reflect sunlight back into space. But as these melt,sunlight can now reach--and warm--the exposed ground. This extra heat raises the air temperature even more, causing even more snow to melt. This type of rapid exaggeration of impacts is called a "fast feedback".
(4) Zeebe says its important to look at fast feedbacks. However, he adds, theyre limited. From a climate change perspective. "This century is the most important time for the next few generations," he told Science News. "But the world is not ending in 2100." For his new study,Zeebe now focuses on "slow feedbacks". While fast feedback events unfold over decades or centuries, slow feedbacks can take thousands of years. Melting of continental ice sheets and the migration of plant life--as they relocate to more comfortable areas--are two examples of slow feedbacks.
(5) Zeebe gathered information from previously published studies investigating how such processes played out over thousands of years during past dramatic changes in climate.Then he came up with a forecast for the future that accounts for both slow and fast feedback processes. Climate forecasts that use only fast feedbacks predict a 4.5 degree Celsius (8.1 degree Fahrenheit) change by the year 3000. But slow feedbacks added another 1.5 ℃--for a 6 total increase, Zeebe reports. He also found that stow feedback events will cause global warming to persist for thousands of years after people run out of fossil fuels to burn.
23——26概括大意
23. Paragraph 2__________
24. Paragraph 3 __________
25. Paragraph 4 __________
26. Paragraph 5 __________
A. Rising of sea levels
B. Impact of burning fossil fuels
C. Fast feedbacks
D. Slow feedbacks
E. Unpredictability of feedback processes
F. A prediction of future climate change
27——30完成句子
27. Arctic ice has never been melting so fast in __________.
28. Melting of snow and ice enables sunlight to reach __________.
29. Zeebe came up with his future climate prediction by analyzing __________.
30. After fossil fuels are used up, global warming will continue for__________.
A. the exposed ground
B. a very long time
C. the extra heat
D. recorded history
E. previously published studies
F. rapid exaggeration of impacts
答案與解析
23.A。題干：第二段的主要內容是__________。本段屬于遞進結構。首句講到“人們經(jīng)常燃燒化石燃料來獲取熱量和能量”，從第二句開始闡述燃燒化石燃料會釋放二氧化碳，從而對氣候產(chǎn)生影響。因此本段的主題是B(燃燒化石燃料的影響)。
24.C。題干：第三段的主要內容是__________。該段的主題句為最后一句：這個過程叫作fast feedback。
25.D。題干：第四段的主要內容是__________。該段為轉折結構。第一句為引子“看快速反饋是十分重要的”，第二旬前的however使得話鋒一轉，認為快速反應是有局限的，從而可推理得知該段的主題為slow feedback，這與該段中間的總結是一致的。故本題選D。
26.F。題干：第五段的主要內容是__________。該段主題句為第二句：(在基于以前收集的信息基礎上)他得出了解釋未來快速反應與慢速反應進程的結論以及由此結論得到氣候上升度數(shù)不同的結論。因此本題選F最合適。
27.D。題干：北極的冰在從未融化得如此之快。根據(jù)Arctic ice回到原文定位到第一段第二句“Arctic ice is melting faster than at any time in recorded history.”可知，該空應該填入D。
28.A。題干：冰雪的'融化使得陽光能達到__________。根據(jù)melting snow and ice回到原文定位到第三段，由“Butasthesemelt，sunlightcannow reach—andwam—theexposedground”可知該空應該填入the exposed ground。這里的these指代的就是melting snow and ice。
29.E。題干：Zeebe通過分析__________預測了未來氣候變化。通過Zeebe came up with his future climate prediction回到原文定位到最后一段，首句中有答案：收集以前的研究數(shù)據(jù)。
30.B。題干：化石燃燒盡了之后，全球變暖還會__________。用After fossil fuels are used up定位到末段的最后一句“causeglobalwarmingtopersistforthousands ofyears afterpeople run out offossil fuels to bum”，可知該空答案為B。其中use up與run out對應，thousands of years對應選項中的a very long time。
職稱英語《理工B》概括大意歷年真題精選 2
1.Which do you enjoy ＿＿＿your weekends, fishing or watching TV?
A.spending
B.to spend
C.being spent
D.spend
2.＿＿＿all my letters, I had a drink and went out.
A.Finished
B.Having finished
C.Finishing
D.To finish
3.She had no money ＿＿＿a birthday present for her children.
A. to buy with
B. buying
C .bought
D. with which to buy
4.From the dates＿＿＿on the gold coin, it is conformed that it was made five hundred years ago.
A. marking
B. marked
C. to be marked
D. having been marked
5.＿＿＿＿time and labour, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb.
A. To save
B. Saved
C. Saving
D. Having saved
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A
職稱英語《理工B》概括大意歷年真題精選 3
下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。
1.The news will horrify everyone.
A.attract
B.terrify
C.tempt
D.excite
2.The article sketched the major events of the decade.
A.described
B.offered
C.outlined
D.presented
3.I won’t tolerate that kind of behavior.
A.bear
B.accept
C.admit
D.take
4.Their style of playing football is utterly different.
A.barely
B.scarcely
C.hardly
D.totally
5.Her sister urged her to apply for the job.
A.advised
B.caused
C.forced
D.promised
6.Even sensible men do absurd things.
A.unusual
B.ridiculous
C.special
D.typical
7.She bumped inot her boyfriend in town this morning.
A.walked
B.came
C.fled
D.ran
8.This sort of thing is bound to happen.
A.sure
B.quick
C.fast
D.swift
9.At the age of 30,Hersey suddenly became a celebrity.
A.boss
B.manager
C.star
D.dictator
10.He cannot discriminate between a good idea and a bad one.
A.judge
B.assess
C.distinguish
D.recognize
11.They are concerned for the fate of the forest and the lndians who dwell in it.
A.live
B.sleep
C.hide
D.gather
12.The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activity.
A.method
B.measure
C.way
D.manner
13.The architecture is harmonious and no building is over six-storey high.
A.old-fashioned
B.traditional
C.conventional
D.balanced
14.The food is inadequate for ten people.
A.demanded
B.qualified
C.insufficient
D.required
15.She persevered in her ideas despite obvious objections raised by friends.
A.persisted
B.insisted
C.resisted
D.suggested
第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16~22題，第題1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的.是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。
When We Are Asleep
Everyone dreams,but some peopole never recall their dreams,or do so very rarely.Other people always wake up with vivid recollections (記憶) of their dreams,though they forget them very quickly.In an average night of eight hours’ sleep,an average adult will dream for around one hundred minutes,probably having three to five dreams,each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.
Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain.During dreaming,these waves move more quickly.Breathing and pulse rate also increase,and there are rapid eye movements under the lids,just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects.These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals (哺 乳動物) studied,including dogs,monkeys,cats,and elephants,and also some birds and reptiles (爬行動物).This period of sleep is called the“D”state for around 50% of their sleep;the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10.
Dreams take the form of stories,but they may be strange and with incidents not connected,which make little sense.Dreams are seldom without people in them and they are usually about people we know.One estimate says that two-thirds of the“cast”of our dream dramas are friends and relations.Vision seems an essential part of dreams,except for people blind from birth.Sound and touch are senses also often aroused,but smell and taste are not frequently involved.In“normal”dreams,the dreamer may be taking part,or be only an observer.But he or she cannot control what happens in the dream.
However,the dreamer does have control over one type of dream.This type of dream is called a“l(fā)ucid”(清醒的) dream.Not everyone is a lucid dreamer.Some people are occasional lucid dreamers.Others can dream lucidly more or less all the time.In a lucid dream,the dreamer knows that he is dreaming.
16.Some people dream but cannot remember their dreams.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
17.In an average night,males dream longer than females.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
18.When we dream,there is less movement of electrical waves in our brains.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
19.Babies dream less than older children.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
20.Most dreams involve the people we played with when we were young.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
21.We rarely smell things in dreams.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
22.In a lucid dream we can use Morse code to communicate with others.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
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