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2023中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)數(shù)詞
上學(xué)期間,大家都沒(méi)少背知識(shí)點(diǎn)吧?知識(shí)點(diǎn)是知識(shí)中的最小單位,最具體的內(nèi)容,有時(shí)候也叫“考點(diǎn)”。哪些知識(shí)點(diǎn)能夠真正幫助到我們呢?以下是小編精心整理的2023中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)數(shù)詞,歡迎大家借鑒與參考,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)數(shù)詞 1
、.直擊中考
數(shù)詞分為兩種:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞,表示人或事物數(shù)量多少的數(shù)詞,叫基數(shù)詞,如one,two,three,ten;表示人或事物的順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞,如first,second,third,fourth等。在中考中主要考查的是:
(1)基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞、分?jǐn)?shù)詞、小數(shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、倍數(shù)的表達(dá);
(2)日期、時(shí)刻、年代、年齡的表示法;
(3)掌握表數(shù)目的名詞(如dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million等)的有關(guān)用法,以及“許多”的表示法。平時(shí)備考時(shí),考生應(yīng)將用基數(shù)詞或序數(shù)詞表示物的正確形式加以對(duì)比、歸納、總結(jié)、熟練掌握以及牢記常用的數(shù)位名詞所表示的數(shù)目大小等。
、.知識(shí)精講
1)數(shù)詞知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)
2)數(shù)詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)剖析:
A.基數(shù)詞
1.基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及讀法
、1-12的構(gòu)成為獨(dú)立單詞
②13-19的構(gòu)成都以后綴-teen結(jié)尾,但thirteen,fifteen,eighteen為不規(guī)則變化
、20-90的構(gòu)成都以后綴-ty結(jié)尾,但twenty,thirty,forty,eighty為不規(guī)則變化
④21-99的構(gòu)成是在十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)之間加連字符-25 twenty-five
⑤三位數(shù)101-999的構(gòu)成要注意百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)(個(gè)位數(shù))之間用and連接。 nine hundred and one
、抻⒄Z(yǔ)中沒(méi)有“萬(wàn)”這個(gè)單位,1000以上而不到100萬(wàn)的數(shù)詞都用thousand表示
、甙偃f(wàn) 1,000,000:one (a) million
、嗲f(wàn) 10,000,000:ten million
、醿| 100,000,000:one (a) hundred million
⑩十億 1,000,000,000:one (a) thousandmillion(等于美國(guó)英語(yǔ)a billion)
注:英語(yǔ)數(shù)字中,只有hundred后才加and
2.基數(shù)詞的作用
、僮髦髡Z(yǔ)Two of the girls are from California.姑娘中有兩個(gè)來(lái)自加州。
、谧鞅碚Z(yǔ)He is a little over five.他才五歲多一點(diǎn)。
、圩髻e語(yǔ)Give me two.給我兩個(gè)。
、茏鞫ㄕZ(yǔ)The river is about eighty miles long.這條河大約八十英尺長(zhǎng)。
⑤作同位語(yǔ)You two take these seats.你們兩個(gè)坐這里。
3.基數(shù)詞的特殊用法
(1)表示“幾十年代”或“幾十歲”時(shí),用逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:
in the1990s 20世紀(jì)90年代;in ones twenties在某人20多歲時(shí)
(2)用在習(xí)語(yǔ)中。如:in twos and threes三三兩兩地
4.基數(shù)詞的注意事項(xiàng)
(1)幾十幾的基數(shù)詞的十位數(shù)與個(gè)位數(shù)之間要用連字符"-"連接。如:
eighty-five85;twenty-six 26
(2)三位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞須在百位和十位(若無(wú)十位則和個(gè)位)之間用and連接。如:three hundred and sixty-five 365;two hundred and six 206
(3)基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)基數(shù)詞hundred,thousand,million,billion等詞前有具體數(shù)詞或several修飾時(shí),必須用單數(shù)。如:
severalhundred years ago幾百年前;twothousand students兩千個(gè)學(xué)生
B.序數(shù)詞
1.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成
①序數(shù)詞多數(shù)由"基數(shù)詞-th"構(gòu)成,序數(shù)詞前一般加定冠詞the
、谏贁(shù)序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成屬特殊情況
One-first two-second three-thirdfive-fifth
③以y結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù),先將y改為i,再加-eththirty-thirtieth
、21以上的多位數(shù),要將末位數(shù)改為序數(shù)詞,前面其他位數(shù)仍用基數(shù)詞eighty-three—eighty-third
⑤序數(shù)詞的縮寫(xiě)形式由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞的后兩個(gè)字母構(gòu)成
first-1st second-2nd
2.序數(shù)詞的用法
、僮髦髡Z(yǔ)The third of the month was a holiday.
、谧鞅碚Z(yǔ)Who was the third?
③作定語(yǔ)We live on the fifth floor.
、茏髻e語(yǔ)I was among the first to learn of this.
⑤作同位語(yǔ)Who is that man,thefirst in the front row?
、拮鳡钫Z(yǔ)When did you first meet him?
注:有時(shí)序數(shù)詞并不指順序,而是表示“再一,又一”的意思。此時(shí)序數(shù)詞前要加不定冠詞I want to make a second try.
3.序數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用
序數(shù)詞應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)事項(xiàng):
1.多位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞時(shí),只需將末位基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞,前邊的基數(shù)詞不變。如:
forty-two 42 forty-second第42
nine-hundred 900 nine-hundredth第900
2.當(dāng)序數(shù)詞用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示時(shí),必須在數(shù)字后加上序數(shù)詞的最后兩個(gè)字母。
如:21st第21;32nd第32
3.序數(shù)詞前一般要用定冠詞the,如果序數(shù)詞前用a或an時(shí),則表示“又一;再一”(沒(méi)有具體范圍的限制)。如:
Though he had failed twice,he wanted to try a third time.
The little monkey had had three apples,and he wanted to eat a fourth one.
C.數(shù)詞表示方法
1.年、月、日、時(shí)的寫(xiě)法和讀法
①表示日期用序數(shù)詞,前面加定冠詞
3月8日 March the eighth
、 年份一般分為兩部分讀,先讀前兩位數(shù),再讀后兩位數(shù)
1949 nineteenforty-nine
③ 以上時(shí)間合在一起的寫(xiě)法
1955年10月1日上午10點(diǎn) 10:00 a.m.October 1st,1955
2.分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法
分?jǐn)?shù)由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成,基數(shù)詞代表分子,序數(shù)詞代表分母,除了分子為1的情況,序數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。帶分?jǐn)?shù)中的整數(shù)用基數(shù)詞表示,并用and和分?jǐn)?shù)隔開(kāi)。
14 one-fourths 3-25 three and two-fifths
3.小數(shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示
1)小數(shù)的表示6.4 six point four
2)表示百分?jǐn)?shù)用"基數(shù)詞+percent(per cent)"形式50% fifty percent
4.年份和日期
1)年份的讀法為每?jī)晌粩?shù)讀一個(gè)詞。
如:1950讀作nineteen fifty
1800讀作eighteen hundred
2000讀作two thousand
2)日期的讀法有兩種
(1)先月后日,日子要讀成序數(shù)詞。
如:9月29日可讀作September(the) twenty-ninth
(2)先日后月,在月份之前加Of。
如:9月29日也可讀作thetwenty-ninth of September
3)年月日同時(shí)出現(xiàn),年代放在最后,年代前用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
如:2005年2月1日可寫(xiě)成the first ofFebruary ,2005或February( the) first,2005
5.時(shí)間和鐘點(diǎn)
6:00讀作six (oclock)
7:30讀作seven thirty/half past seven
9:45讀作nine forty-five/a quarter to ten
2:15讀作two fifteen/a quarter past two
6.編號(hào)的表達(dá)
1)事物名詞(不加冠詞)+基數(shù)詞。
如:Lesson One,Part Three,ChannelFive,Gate Nine,World War Ⅱ
2)定冠詞+序數(shù)詞+事物名詞。
如:the first lesson,the third part,thefifth channel,the ninth gate,
7.加減乘除的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)
plus/and加,minus減,time/multiplied by乘,divided by除。如:
1)12 +8=? How much is twelve plus/and eight?
2)40—11=29,F(xiàn)ortyminus eleven is/equals twenty nine.
3)3×6 =18, Three times six is/equals eighteen.
4)56÷7=? How much is fifty-six divided by seven?
、.精選易錯(cuò)試題
1.Every year,_____ people go to visit their factory.
A.a thousand of
B.thousands
C.thousand of
D.thousands of
答案:D
解析:數(shù)詞hundred,thousand,million等后面跟of時(shí),要變復(fù)數(shù)。排除C。thousand前接具體數(shù)字時(shí),后面不能跟of,排除A。thousands后要加of,排除B 故選D
2.Tomhas just finished writing a _________ article.
A.nine-hundred-words
B.nine-hundreds-word
C.nine-hundred-word
D.nine-hundreds-words
答案:C
解析:考查復(fù)合形容詞。帶連詞符的名詞不加s。故選C
3._______people lost their homes in Japan’s earthquake.
A.Two thousands
B.Thousand
C.Thousands of
D.Thousand of
答案:C
解析:hundred,thousand 如果有具體數(shù)字修飾,用單數(shù)形式,表示具體數(shù)目。表示約數(shù)時(shí),用hundreds of ,thousands of 的形式,表示“成百上千的”,“成千上萬(wàn)的”。句意:在日本地震中上千人失去了家園。故選C
4.Lastyear,I visited a chemical factory in Baise,there are about _____ workers in it.
A.six thousands
B.six thousand
C.six thousands of
D.six thousand of
答案:B
解析:thousands of 前面不加具體數(shù)詞。故排除A 、C。thousand前接具體數(shù)字時(shí),后面不能跟of,故排除D !傲と恕钡恼_表達(dá)是“six thousand workers”。故選B
5.About_______ofthe students in our class were born in the____.
A.two-thirds,1990s
B.two-thirds,1990
C.two-third,1990s
答案:A
解析:分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞,分母為序數(shù)詞。分子不是一的,分母序數(shù)詞加S。表示年代的要在后面加“s”。故選A
6.—How often do you exercise?
—__________.
A.Two B.Twice C.Second
答案:B
解析:two二,為基數(shù)詞;twice兩次;second第二,為序數(shù)詞。根據(jù)問(wèn)句“你多久鍛煉一次?”故選B
7.Theteacher said that__ of the boys would take part in the talent show.
A.three five
B.three fives
C.thirds fifths
D.three fifths
答案:D
解析:分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,當(dāng)分子不是一的時(shí)候,分母要用序數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選D
8.Tomorrowis the boy’s ________ birthday.
A.seventh
B.seven
C.seventeen
答案:A
解析:說(shuō)某某人的第幾歲生日時(shí),要用序數(shù)詞。B和C都是基數(shù)詞,故選A
9.—Whichis the biggest number of the four?
—_________.
A.One-third
B.Two-thirds
C.A half
D.A quarter
答案:C
解析:本題考查分?jǐn)?shù)比值的大小。通過(guò)對(duì)比可知.故選C
10.—Excuseme,where can I buy a jacket?
—Youcan go to the Mens Wear Section on the_________ floor.
A.two B.twice C.second
答案:C
解析:序數(shù)詞的考查。The后面接序數(shù)詞,意為“第……”.故選C
11.Now,everybody,please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________picture.
A.Fifth;five
B.Five;fifth
C.Fifth;fifth
D.Five;five
答案:B
解析:數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞;鶖(shù)詞前沒(méi)有冠詞,序數(shù)詞前有定冠詞the。故選B
12.I don’t believe that this _____ boy canpaint such a nice picture.
A.five years old
B.five-years-old
C.five-year-old
答案:C
解析:five-year-old 這類復(fù)合詞可以用作形容詞,作前置定語(yǔ)。連字符號(hào)中間的名字要用單數(shù)。故選C
13.Footballis so exciting that _____ people in the world play it.
A.million of
B.millions of
C.two millions of
答案:B
解析:當(dāng)million與具體的數(shù)字連用時(shí),用單數(shù),而且其后也不接of;當(dāng)millions不與具體數(shù)字連用,而是表示不確定的泛指數(shù)時(shí),則不僅要用復(fù)數(shù),而且要后接of,然后才能接名詞。
14.—Which room do they live in?
—They live in _________.
A.406 Room
B.The Room 406
C.Room 406
D.the 406 Room
答案:C
解析:表示編號(hào)用 名詞+基數(shù)詞。故選C
15.—How was your day off yesterday?
—Perfect! It was my grandma’s ________birthday.We had a big cake.
A.eighty
B.eightieth
C.the eightieth
答案:B
解析:考查數(shù)詞的用法。表示“某人多大生日”應(yīng)該使用序數(shù)詞,且不需要使用定冠詞。故選B
中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)數(shù)詞 2
一、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞
1. 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的表達(dá)方法:
基數(shù)詞是用于表示數(shù)目的多少的詞。序數(shù)詞是表示順序的先后的詞。兩者之間可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。如:
one----first
two---- second
three----third
four----fourth
five----fifth
nine----ninth
eleven----eleventh
twelve----twelfth
thirteen----thirteenth
fourteen----fourteenth
fifteen----fifteenth
twenty----twentieth
twenty-one----twenty-first
twenty-two----twenty-second
twenty-three----twenty-third
twenty-nine----twenty-ninth
thirty----thirtieth
thirty-nine---- thirty-ninth
forty----fortieth
forty-nine----forty-ninth
fifty----fiftieth
fifty-nine----fifty-ninth
ninety-nine----ninety-ninth
2.序數(shù)詞的用法(舉例)
1)經(jīng)常在其前加the。如:
My brother is the twenty-ninth(二十九) in his class.
我的哥哥在他們班是第29。
His birthday is on April the fifth.
他的生日在4月5號(hào)。
2)前面不加the。
(表示比賽名次時(shí))如:
She is first in the math exam.
她在數(shù)學(xué)考試中得了第一。
I won first in the match.
我在比賽中贏了第一。
(序數(shù)詞前有其它修飾詞時(shí))如:
my first son
我的第一個(gè)兒子
I will have my sixteenth (十六)birthday.
我將會(huì)過(guò)16歲生日。
(用a修飾,表示又一次,再一次)如:
Have a third try, you will do it well.
再試一次,你將會(huì)做得好。
3. 數(shù)字的讀法。如:
322 three hundred and twenty-two
45,682 forty-five thousand six hundred and eighty-two
二、分?jǐn)?shù)
1.分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法:
分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞。當(dāng)分子是1時(shí),分母用單數(shù);當(dāng)分子是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),分母用復(fù)數(shù)。分子和分母之間可以加連字符號(hào),也可以不加。如:
1)three fourths = three quarters四分之三
2)one fourth = a quarter 四分之一
3)five eighths; five-eighths八分之五
2.分?jǐn)?shù)的用法:
分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞時(shí),經(jīng)常在其后加of the。分?jǐn)?shù)做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)要和分?jǐn)?shù)修飾的名詞保持一致。如:
1)Twothirds of the students are running.
2/3的學(xué)生正在跑。
2)Two thirds of the apple goes bad.
這個(gè)蘋(píng)果的2/3壞了。
三、百分比
1.百分比表達(dá)法。如:
five percent 5%
2. 百分比的用法:
百分比修飾名詞時(shí),經(jīng)常在其后加of the。百分比做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)要和分?jǐn)?shù)修飾的名詞保持一致。如:
1)Sixty percent of the students go to school by bus.
60%的學(xué)生坐公共汽車上學(xué)。
2)Sixty percent of the waterhas been drunk already.
60%的水已經(jīng)被喝了。
四、hundred, thousand, million, billion的用法:
hundreds of
成百上千
thousands of
成千上萬(wàn)
millions of
上百萬(wàn)
four hundred (and) fifty-sixbooks
456本書(shū)
four hundredbooks
400本書(shū)
五、時(shí)間表達(dá)法
1.當(dāng)分鐘數(shù)少于30時(shí),用past。如:
6:05 six o five/ five minutes past six
7:10 seven ten/ ten past seven
8:15 eight fifteen/ a quarter past eight
2.當(dāng)分鐘數(shù)等于30時(shí),用half past。如:
11:30 eleven thirty/ half past eleven
3.當(dāng)分鐘數(shù)大于30時(shí),用to,分鐘數(shù)用60減去原分鐘數(shù),小時(shí)數(shù)用原小時(shí)數(shù)加上1。如:
12:35 twelve thirty-five/ twenty-five to one
4.在鐘點(diǎn)前用介詞at。如:at half past six 在六點(diǎn)半
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