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2018專八語(yǔ)言知識(shí)練習(xí)題3篇
盡管2017年的專八考試已經(jīng)結(jié)束，但是2018年的專八考試已經(jīng)在來(lái)的路上�，F(xiàn)在不少考生也許已經(jīng)備考2018年專八了。下面，小編為大家整理了3篇2018專八語(yǔ)言知識(shí)練習(xí)題。
2018專八語(yǔ)言知識(shí)練習(xí)題一
About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking University. ____2____
The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____ families to moderate size.
This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high risk categories. ____6 The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7____maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8____
pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9____mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than two years apart.____10____
答案詳解
1. 將 had used 改為 used。
因?yàn)榇司涫翘摂M語(yǔ)氣,表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,故條件從句中應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例如:
Many would be wise if they did not think themselves wise. 許多人原本會(huì)成為聰明人-如果他們不自以為聰明的話。
2. 將 publishing 改為 published
report和publish時(shí)邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)使用publish的過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾report。例如:
Any discovery that we may make, however small, will remain acquired knowledge. 任何可能的發(fā)現(xiàn),不管多么微不足道,都將成為知識(shí)寶庫(kù)中的一部分。
3. 將 theirs 改為 their
4. 將 among 改為 between
在兩次懷孕期間留出足夠的間隔時(shí)間,故用between。
5. 將過(guò)去分詞 excluded 改為介詞 excluding excluding意為“不包括……”
6. 將 respectably 改為 respectively
respectively 意為 “分別地 ”，符合句子的'意思。而respectably意為“可敬的，值得尊敬地 ”。
7. 將 evidences 改為 evidence。evidence是不可數(shù)名詞。
8. 將ill改為illness
9. 將 year 改為 years
10. 將 lesser 改為 less
2018專八語(yǔ)言知識(shí)練習(xí)題二
We use language every day. We live in a world of words. Hardly any moment passes with someone talking, writing or reading. Indeed, __1__languages is most essential to mankind. Our lives increasingly depend on fast and successful use of language. Strangely enough, we know __2__more about things around us than on ourselves. For example, language __3__is species specific, that is, it is language that differs human from __4__animals. However, we do not know yet how exactly we inquire language __5__and how it is possible for us to perceive through language; nor we __6__understand precisely the combinations between language and thought, __7__language and logic, or language and culture; still less, how and when language started. One reason for this inadequate knowledge of language is that we, like language users, take too many things for granted. __8__Language comes to every normal person so naturally that a few __9__
of us stop to question what language is, much less do we feel the necessity to study it. Language is far more complex than most people have probably imagined and the necessity to study it is far greater than some people may have assured. Linguistic is a branch of science which __10__takes language as its object of investigation.
參考答案及解析:
1. with 改為 without。”hardy any moment passes without someone…” , 兩個(gè)否定: without 和hardly，意思是“每一時(shí)刻有人……”。
2. fast 前面加the因?yàn)閒ast and successful use 這個(gè)詞組后邊有一個(gè)前置詞短語(yǔ) of language 修飾use，所以被修飾的詞前面加定冠詞。
3. than on ourselves 改為than things on ourselves。在這里比較的是兩件事：things around us and things on ourselves(我們周圍的事物和我們自身的`東西)。第二個(gè)things不能省略，否則引起誤解。
4. differs 改為distinguishes。語(yǔ)言區(qū)分人與動(dòng)物，differ是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面不能帶賓語(yǔ)，只能用介詞，如：Man differs from animals in that man possesses language。
5. inquire改為acquire“習(xí)得語(yǔ)言”應(yīng)該是acquire language，名詞短語(yǔ)是language acquisition。 Inquire 是“詢問(wèn)”的意思。
6. we前面加上 do 副詞nor放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，應(yīng)用倒裝句，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)句是在主語(yǔ)前面加助動(dòng)詞 do。
7. combination改為relationships.語(yǔ)言和思維的關(guān)系，不是結(jié)合;語(yǔ)言和思維的關(guān)系是當(dāng)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究的重要領(lǐng)域。
8. like 改為as。根據(jù)上下文，要表達(dá)的意思是“作為語(yǔ)言的使用者”，不是“像語(yǔ)言的使用者”。
9. a 去掉 這里是否定的意思：“我們沒(méi)有多少人……”而不是“我們一些人.….”。
10. assured 改為 assumed. 這句的后半部分意思是“研究語(yǔ)言的必要性比我們想象的要大得多”。Assure譯為“確保”;assume譯為“假設(shè)”或者“想象”的意思。
2018專八語(yǔ)言知識(shí)練習(xí)題三
Ancient man attempted to change the weather by using magic. While experience taught him this was impossible, __1__ he tried to forecast weather conditions. Even earlier in __2__ 1000 B.C.there were weather seers in Babylon----and priests clever enough to denounce as frauds those predicted __3__ the weather a year in the advance. Some forecasters used __4__ methods that seemed to take no connection with the actual __5__ factors controlled the weather. Chickens and other animals __6__ were sacrificed and their intestines poked to find signs indicating rain and drought. Somewhat more scientific predictions were __7__ based on vegetation:"Onion’s skin very thin ,mild weather coming in. Onion’s skin thick and tough, coming weather is cold and rough." Insects and animals were also __8__ favorite weather clues: "Before the glowworm lights his __9__ lamp , then the air is always damp ." "If spiders their forsake cobwebs, the weather will for certain break ." "If frogs remained in pools , the weather will be fine . If they were seen on rocks, __10__ rain and cold were due." It’s difficult to say whether this rhyme should be taken seriously : " Hark , I hear the asses bray . Me thinks we’__ll__ have some rain today ."
答案詳解：
1. While—When或After.本句的this指代的是to change the weather by using magic. when/after 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
2. in—than.earlier是early的比較級(jí)，其后應(yīng)有than
3. those之后加who.who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句
4. 刪除advance前的the.in advance為習(xí)語(yǔ)
5. take—have.have connection with 為習(xí)語(yǔ)
6. controlled—controlling或在controlled前加that/which.controlling the weather 或that/which controlled the weather做定語(yǔ)修飾the actual factors
7. and—or.rain和draught只能是二者之一
8. 刪除is.與上文平衡，均為省略句
9. before—when/if.條件句
10. will—would.if引導(dǎo)的`是條件句用的是remained一般過(guò)去時(shí)
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