考研英語閱讀需要關(guān)注哪些題型
閱讀理解備考需要掌握出題人的命題思路，熟悉常見的命題陷阱。小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備了考研英語閱讀題型的指南，歡迎大家前來閱讀。
考研英語閱讀需要關(guān)注的題型
(一)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折
縱觀歷年真題，經(jīng)過總結(jié)分析得出，閱讀文章中的轉(zhuǎn)折是命題人最喜歡設(shè)題的點(diǎn)，也就是我們說的題眼。因此備考的同學(xué)在做題時(shí)，要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折詞后面的信息。
現(xiàn)將常見表轉(zhuǎn)折的詞及短語總結(jié)如下：
詞：however，yet，nonetheless，whereas，while，or，otherwise，despite，instead
短語：on the contrary，on the other hand，in contrast，in spite of，even though，even so
except (for)，after all，all the same
(二)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注否定
除了表轉(zhuǎn)折的詞我們需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注之外，文章中出現(xiàn)的否定詞也要學(xué)會(huì)去識(shí)別，表否定的詞是出題人愿意設(shè)置題目的另外一個(gè)大的題眼，尤其是那些形肯意否的結(jié)構(gòu)。文都老師現(xiàn)將表否定含義的詞做相關(guān)分類總結(jié)。
1.表否定的`介詞
against, beyond, but, except, without
2.表否定的形容詞和動(dòng)詞
absent, deny, differ, different, fall, free, ignore, refuse, used to, reluctant, lack, want, miss
3.表否定的短語
keep…from…， protect…from…， prevent…from, at a loss, in vain, instead of, out of the question, rather than, too…to…，by no means, anything but;
4.含有半否定意義的短語
barely, hardly, few, little, rarely, scarcely, seldom, not all,
not everyone, not everything.
此外，還需要注意英語中，有些詞和短語在形式上是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，但其含義卻是表肯定的。如：cannot but, can't help, no sooner…than, not…until, in no time, none other than, nothing but。
考研英語閱讀如何找到新題型的切入點(diǎn)
1.題型介紹
考研英語新題型，其實(shí)就是考研英語的Part B部分，該部分分值為10分，包括選句填空題(七選五)和排序題兩種題型。
2.考查要點(diǎn)
新題型部分的根本考察點(diǎn)，其實(shí)是上下文之間的語義和邏輯關(guān)系。具體來說，包括三個(gè)部分：
�、胚壿嬯P(guān)系知識(shí)點(diǎn);⑵指代關(guān)系知識(shí)點(diǎn)，即對(duì)代詞的考查;⑶語義關(guān)系知識(shí)點(diǎn)，這在我們的閱讀和翻譯中已經(jīng)見得非常多了。
3.解題思路及步驟：
既然已經(jīng)明確了新題型的考點(diǎn)，那么我們?cè)撛鯓尤プ鲱}呢?
�、诺礁鱾�(gè)空格后句或段落首句的第一個(gè)單詞中找邏輯關(guān)系詞。確切的說，如果是選句填空，就應(yīng)該在空格后句和選項(xiàng)首句去尋找;如果是排序題，則應(yīng)該在選項(xiàng)首句找。而且，此處我們要注意，我們要找的必然是首句的第一個(gè)第一個(gè)單詞。因?yàn)椋挥挟?dāng)邏輯詞是第一個(gè)單詞時(shí)，才是和上下文相關(guān)的;若是邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞在句中，則是和句內(nèi)關(guān)系相關(guān)的。找到邏輯關(guān)系詞后，可按照邏輯關(guān)系的相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)解題。且以邏輯關(guān)系詞開頭的選項(xiàng)都是正確答案。
�、普页隹崭窈缶浜瓦x項(xiàng)首句中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)字
為什么要找數(shù)字呢?因?yàn)閿?shù)字具有以下特點(diǎn)：①同類數(shù)字的延續(xù)性，同類數(shù)字會(huì)呈現(xiàn)遞增或遞減的趨勢(shì);②最高級(jí)之后一定出現(xiàn)數(shù)字，這都可以作為我們解題的依據(jù)。
�、钦页隹崭窈缶浜瓦x項(xiàng)首句中出現(xiàn)的代詞
代詞，我們知道是具有指代意義的詞，我們?cè)谧鲱}的時(shí)候可以按照如下方式：①空格后句的代詞，到選項(xiàng)末句找指代對(duì)象。②空格首句的代詞，可到空格前句或其余選項(xiàng)末句找指代對(duì)象。
�、仁Ｓ嗟念}目按照正常的上下文閱讀理解步驟解題。即找到上下文之間的語義關(guān)系就可以了。
綜上所述，考研英語新題型可根據(jù)試卷上的蛛絲馬跡去分析和推敲，最終得出正確選項(xiàng)。換句話說，其實(shí)試卷上不缺少答案，缺少的是發(fā)現(xiàn)答案的眼睛。只要我們認(rèn)真分析，就一定可以找到做題的切入點(diǎn)的。
考研英語翻譯注意四類高頻句式的譯法
1.It is in (or with)…as in (or with)…
It is in life as in a journey. 人生好比旅途。
It is in studying as in eating; he who does it gets the benefits， and not he who sees it done. 讀書和吃飯一樣，得到利益的是那些實(shí)際在吃的人，而不是旁觀的人。
It is in mind as in body which must be nourished by good food. 精神和身體都必須有好的食物來營養(yǎng)。
2.as good as / as well as
It is as goos as done. 這就和做好了一樣。
It is broad as well as long. 那既長且寬。
(1)as good as 有兩個(gè)含義：
�、� amounting to ; not falling short of;等于;同樣; 幾如;; 不欠缺
He was as good as his word. 他不爽約。
�、� virtually; essentially; in every essential respect 實(shí)際上;其實(shí);實(shí)在;在各要點(diǎn)上
He is as good as dead already. 宛如死人;行尸走肉;名存實(shí)亡
(2)as well as 有四個(gè)含義：
�、� no less than; equally with 等于;不下于;亦;一樣好
I have understanding as well as you.
�、� both……and……;one equally with the other"與"、"兩者皆"
Work in moderation is healthy as well as agreeable to the human constitution. 適度勞動(dòng)對(duì)身體給予快感，又有益衛(wèi)生。
�、� 與not only……but also 有連帶關(guān)系
He has experience as well as knowledge.= He has not only knowledge but also experience.
④ 可以代替better than
As well (= better) be hanged for a sheep as ( = than) for a lamb. 竊鉤如竊國，與其盜小羊。
3.As it is
其含義為：as it stands; to state the matter as it really stands; as a matter of fact; in reality. 相當(dāng)于：實(shí)際上;就實(shí)際情況而言;根據(jù)(現(xiàn)在)情況看;就現(xiàn)在這個(gè)樣子等等。它用來指事物的單數(shù);即指前面的單數(shù)名詞。如果指事物的復(fù)數(shù)，則用"As they are".如果用來指人時(shí)，則為as I am / you are / she/ he is/ we are / they are.as it is 的過去式為as it was.其位置可以放在句首，句末或句子中間。
(1)用于句首，注意前后時(shí)態(tài)與該結(jié)構(gòu)保持一致
As it is， we can not help him.
As it was， we could not help him.
(2)用于句末
Let's keep it as it is.
You mustn't go to the ball as you are. 你不能這樣去參加舞會(huì)。
有時(shí)it可以省略為"as is "，意即：照現(xiàn)在的樣子，常指"不再修理或改進(jìn)"等情況。
He has an old radio as is. 他有一臺(tái)沒有修理過的舊收音機(jī)。
I'll sell it to you as is， but don't complain if it doesn't work.
(3)句中時(shí)，用逗號(hào)把它從前后隔開
A.虛擬語氣句式+but +as it is / was，該結(jié)構(gòu)意為：其實(shí);事實(shí)上
I thought things would get better， but as it is， they are getting worse and worse.
The rice could have been got in yesterdy if the weather had been fine， but as it was， it had to be left in the fields.
B.過去分詞+as it is，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)前面的過去分詞
Written as it is in an interesting way， this book is enjoyable to young and old alike.
Published as it was at such a time， his work attrached much attention.
C.現(xiàn)在分詞+ as it does(did)。意為：因?yàn)檫@樣，(實(shí)際)所以……
Living as he does in Shanghai， he knows the place extremely well.
Reading as he did many times， he could recite it fluently.
幾個(gè)類似的結(jié)構(gòu)：
A. as it stands 根據(jù)目前情況來看
As it stands， it is certain that our country can realize the four modernization ahead of schedule.
B. such as it is不怎么樣，質(zhì)量不過如此
The room， such as it is， is very bright.
C. as it were =as if it were so. 屬虛擬語氣，用于插入語。不可以與as it is 混淆
He is ， as it were， a living dictionary.
Comrade Lei Feng still lives， as it were ， in our heart.
4.have + the + 抽象名詞+不定式
I had the fortune to succeed. 我很幸運(yùn)獲得了成功。
have = possess 原來指肉體和精神上的特征，現(xiàn)作為一種天賦而具有的。
She had the cheek ( = impudence) to say such a thing. = She was so impudent as to say such a thing. 她厚顏無恥地說出這樣的話。
How can you have the heart ( = hard-heartness) to drown such darling little kittens?
你何忍心把如此可愛的小貓淹死?
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