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關(guān)于小升初英語語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí):人稱代詞和物主代詞
全國小升初是小學(xué)生升入初中生的簡稱。按照中國義務(wù)教育政策與相關(guān)法律法規(guī),小學(xué)升入初中就讀是不需要升學(xué)考試的。下面是小編整理的關(guān)于小升初英語語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí):人稱代詞和物主代詞,歡迎閱讀!
人稱代詞和物主代詞
1、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別:主格通常位于句中第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞之前(有時(shí)候位于than 之后),賓格一般位于動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。
2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別:形容詞性用時(shí)后面一般要帶上名詞,名詞性則單獨(dú)使用,后面不帶名詞。
人稱代詞 物主代詞
主格 賓格 形容詞性 名詞性
我 I me 我的 my mine
你,你們 you you 你的,你們的 your yours
他 he him 他的 his his
她 she her 她的 her hers
它 it it 它的 its its
我們 we us 我們的 our ours
他(她,它)們 they them 他(她,它)們的 their theirs
用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, its not _________ . ( I )
拓展:人稱代詞主格與賓格的選擇方法
英語中的人稱代詞(Personal Pronouns)有主格、賓格和所有格之 分,如:
I, me, my ; he, him, his ; they, them,their等。
顧名思義,主格(The nominative case)用作主語,賓格(The objective case)用作賓語,所有格(The possessive case)則表示所有之物。
在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中,主格和賓格代詞有時(shí)會(huì)混淆。下面是常見的問題:
、痹趶(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)里,人稱代詞的主格和賓格在單獨(dú)使用時(shí),沒有問題,如很少人會(huì)犯下這樣的錯(cuò)誤:
(1)Wilcox spoke to I.
(2)Her knew what had happened.
但在復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中,錯(cuò)誤就難免了,如:
(3)Wilcox spoke to my friend and I.
(4)He and her knew what had happened.
(5)This is between you and he.
這種錯(cuò)誤是可避免的。第一,在有介詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中,特別要注意,第二個(gè)人稱代詞,必須用賓語,如:"for you and me"和 "between Maria and him".第二,試把復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的另一部分暫時(shí)用括號(hào)圍起來,那么該用的格就容易辨別了,如:
(6)This message is for (My father and) I or me.
(7)(Marry and) he or him went downtown together.
顯然的,(5)里的代詞是賓格的"me", (6)里的代詞是主格的"he".
、苍诒容^結(jié)構(gòu)里,連接詞"as"或"than"后面,按理用主格式,但在口語中,人們常用賓格形式,學(xué)美式英語者,更是如此:
(8)a. You did as well as she.
b. You did as well as her.
(9)a. I am older than he.
b. I am older than him.
(a)和(b)兩種說法,都可接受。但如果"as"和"than"后頭分句的主語和詞動(dòng)都要完整出現(xiàn)的話,這時(shí)的人稱代詞,就必須是主格,如下:
(10)You did as well as she did.
(11)I am older than he is .
此外,還有一點(diǎn)要注意,就是"as"和"than"后面雖然在語法上用主格好,用賓格也可,但是有時(shí)意思會(huì)有所不同。試比較(a)和(b):
(12)a. Jason praised Maria more highly than I.
b. Jason praised Maria more highly than me.
(12)a和b都被接受,但(12)a等于(13)a,而(12)b等于(13)B:
(13)a. Jason praised Maria more highly than I did (= I praised Maria).
b. Jason praised Maria more highly than he praised me.
顯然,這兩句的深層意思大有差別。遇到這種情形,為了避免誤解,不妨根據(jù)要表達(dá)的意思用完整的句式表達(dá)出來。換句話說,必要的話,要用(13)這句子。
不然,把(13)a變成(14), (13)b變成(15)也可:
(14)I did not praise Maria as highly as Jason did.
(15)Jason did not praise me as highly as he praised Maria.
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