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參透托福高級(jí)寫作:從BBC報(bào)道北京霧霾談起

時(shí)間:2024-09-28 20:50:09 出國(guó)考試 我要投稿
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參透托福高級(jí)寫作:從BBC報(bào)道北京霧霾談起

  北京霧霾再次來(lái)襲,今天我是帶著口罩來(lái)上班的。與其抱怨霧霾的可惡,還不如看看今天的BBC新聞,學(xué)習(xí)一些可以用在托福寫作中的高級(jí)表達(dá)。

參透托福高級(jí)寫作:從BBC報(bào)道北京霧霾談起

  以下英文內(nèi)容摘自12月19日(今早)的BBC新聞

  【1】The Chinese capital will see hazardous smog from Saturday until Tuesday, the official meteorological [氣象的] service said.

  解析:hazardous smog是“危險(xiǎn)的霧霾”,hazardous可看作dangerous的升級(jí)版。

  【2】Beijing authorities [北京當(dāng)局] have advised residents to avoid outdoor activity and for schools to stop classes.

  解析:have advised residents to是“建議市民”。在托福獨(dú)立寫作中,很多考生都喜歡寫suggest somebody to do something,這是不對(duì)的。應(yīng)該是advise somebody to do something。

  【3】The red alert - the highest of a four-level alert system instituted [制定] two years ago - also triggers restrictions on vehicle use, factories and construction work.

  解析:triggers restrictions on vehicle use, factories and construction work是“使政府出臺(tái)了車輛限行制度,出臺(tái)了限制工廠生產(chǎn)以及限制建筑工程進(jìn)度的制度”。首先,trigger可看作cause的升級(jí)版。其次,這個(gè)英譯漢一定要注意,不能生硬地翻譯為“引發(fā)了在車輛使用,工廠和建筑工作上的限制”。相反,適當(dāng)?shù)卦鰷p與重復(fù)(中文不怕重復(fù))一些詞匯可使中文翻譯變得得體而不生硬。

  【4】The government has promised to take action to address often dangerous levels of pollution.

  解析:take action to address是“采取措施以應(yīng)對(duì)”,可看作do something to deal with的升級(jí)版。

  【5】The government is coming under increasing pressure to deal with the problem.

  解析:coming under increasing pressure是托福獨(dú)立寫作開頭段的常用語(yǔ)言點(diǎn),因?yàn)楹芏嗫忌矚g寫“人們的壓力越來(lái)越大”,那就是People are coming under increasing pressure。

  【6】Long-term exposure to high levels of dangerous particulate [粒子] matter in smog - PM2.5 - has been linked to lung damage and respiratory illnesses.

  解析:這句話的意思是“人如果長(zhǎng)時(shí)間暴露在霧霾里,其中高濃度的危險(xiǎn)顆粒物質(zhì)(也即PM2.5)就可能導(dǎo)致肺部受損或使人患上呼吸道疾病,這是有一定科學(xué)依據(jù)的。”這句話的has been linked to很難翻譯,請(qǐng)大家仔細(xì)體會(huì)。這句話有高級(jí)英語(yǔ)的鮮明特征——名詞結(jié)構(gòu),但翻回漢語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,就要加上人等主語(yǔ),否則顯得生硬。

  【7】Beijing resident Cheng Xianke expressed concern for the health of the elderly and children. He told Reuters: "For us who commute to work [乘車上下班] it's not so bad but still I'm very concerned about the pollution. I think the government needs to put more effort into solving this."

  解析:expressed concerned for可看作were worried about的升級(jí)版;the elderly是old people的委婉說(shuō)法;put more effort into solving this可看作do something more to solve this的升級(jí)版。

  【8】Coal-powered industries and heating systems - in heavy use during the cold Beijing winter - are major contributors to the smog.

  解析:are major contributors to the smog可看作have mainly caused the smog。

  【9】China still depends on coal for more than 60% of its power, despite big investments in renewable energy sources.

  解析:despite big investments in renewable energy sources可看作although it (China) has invested a lot in renewable energy sources的升級(jí)版,因?yàn)楦呒?jí)英語(yǔ)傾向于使用介詞短語(yǔ)與分詞,這樣顯得更簡(jiǎn)單,而且不用考慮時(shí)態(tài)。如果大家想寫出高質(zhì)量的托福獨(dú)立作文,不妨注意一下這一點(diǎn)。

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