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動詞ing做定語從句

時間:2024-08-11 10:34:52 煒玲 英語 我要投稿
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動詞ing做定語從句

  定語從句(也稱關(guān)系從句、形容詞性從句),是指一類由關(guān)系詞(relative word)引導(dǎo)的從句,因為這類從句的句法功能多是做定語,所以曾被稱為定語從句(attributive clause),這類從句除了可以做定語之外,還可以充當(dāng)狀語等其他成分,所以現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)多使用“關(guān)系從句”這一術(shù)語。下面是小編精心整理的動詞ing做定語從句,歡迎閱讀與收藏。

  動詞ing做定語從句

  動詞的-ing形式既包括動名詞又包括現(xiàn)在分詞,在英語中使用極其廣泛,同時也是高考中的重要考點,因此要求每位高中學(xué)生對其都應(yīng)清楚了解并正確運用。下面就動詞的-ing形式在句中做定語總結(jié)如下:

  動詞的-ing形式做定語在句中通常有兩個位置,如果是單個的動詞的-ing形式做定語,常放在被修飾詞前做前置定語;如果是動詞的-ing形式的短語做定語,常放在被修飾詞后做后置定語。如:

  1.He is an attacking player.他是一個攻擊型的運動員。

  2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一個令人難堪的問題。

  3.A little child learning to walk often falls.學(xué)走路的小孩常常跌跤。

  4.Do you know the number of people coming to the party?你知道來參加晚會的人數(shù)嗎?

  注意:當(dāng)-ing形式做后置定語時,可以相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的定語從句。如:

  1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.

  →A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday.

  一位寫小說的青年昨天來向我們作報告。

  2.The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.

  →The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁邊的姑娘是我表妹。

  -ing形式做定語通常從以下三方面考查,即:

  1)說明被修飾詞的性質(zhì),特征或用途。如:

  1.They set up an operating table in a small temple.他們將手術(shù)臺架設(shè)在一座小廟里。

  2.He may be in the reading room,for all I know.他說不定在閱覽室里。

  3.Ladies and gentlemen,please go and wait in the meeting room.女士們先生們,請去會議室等待。

  2)與被修飾詞為主動關(guān)系且表示正在進行的動作。如:

  1.There were about 200 children studying in the art school.有大約二百個孩子在這所藝術(shù)學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。

  2.Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?

  正在和我們英語老師談話的那位婦女是誰?

  3)有些-ing形式已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞,常做定語用來修飾物,表示“令人……”。常用的此類詞有:exciting,amusing,amazing,astonishing,shocking,puzzling,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,pleasing,striking,boring,tiring,touching,moving,interesting,satisfying,terrifying,frightening等。如:

  1.That must have been a terrifying experience.那準時一段可怕的經(jīng)歷。

  2.The experiment was an amazing success.那項試驗是一個驚人的成功。

  3.There is a page missing from this book.

  除了-ing形式能做定語外,如果-ing形式與被修飾詞是被動關(guān)系,就用它的被動式,即being done.being doing通常表示正在被做,常做后置定語。如:

  1.The tall building being built now is our new school.正在被建的高樓是我們的新學(xué)校。

  2.The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.正在被討論的問題是被校長提出的。

  -ing形式做定語專練

  1.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _____.

  A.20 dollars remained B.20 dollars to remain

  C.remained 20 dollars D.remaining 20 dollars.

  2.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.

  A.covering B.covered C.cover D.to cover

  3.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ____ Chinese in the school,most _____ were from Germany.

  A.study;of whom B.study;of them

  C.studying;of them D.studying;of whom

  4.The question ______ at present has something important to do with our daily life.

  A.to be discussing B.to discuss

  C.been discussed D.being discussed

  5.Chinais a_____country______to the third world.

  A.developed;belongs B.developing;belonging

  C.developing;belongs D.developed;belonged

  6.---Who is the man______to the teacher?

  ---A model worker_____our school.

  A.talks,visits B.is talking;is visiting

  C.talking;visiting D.talking;visited

  7.How many of us________,say,a meeting that has nothing to do with us will be interested in the discussion?

  A.attend B.attending C.to attend D.have attended

  8.The flowers_____sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.

  A.to smell B.smelling C.smelt D.to be smelt

  答案:D A D D B C B B

  什么叫做定語從句中的動詞+ ing形式。

  1.-ed做定語:被-ed修飾的先行詞做從句的賓語,是被動態(tài)的.

  2.-ing做定語:被-ing修飾的先行詞做從句的主語

  【用法】

  1.-ed做定語:-ed,一般是及物動詞.動詞-ed形式作表語一般表示人的感受,含義為“(某人)感覺……”.

  The catdrawnby the boywas very lovely.

  男孩畫的貓非常可愛。(表被動)

  The ground was coveredfallenleaves.

  地上覆蓋著落葉。

  2.-ing做定語:一般動詞的-ing做形容詞,這個動詞一般是不及物動詞.動詞-ing形式作表語一般表示主語的性質(zhì)和特征,含義為“令人……”.

  Taking exerciseis beneficial to our health.

  鍛煉對我們的健康有益。

  She suggestedgoing shoppingthis Sunday.

  她建議這個星期天去購物。

  動詞-ing的意義及基本用法

  (一)動詞-ing作定語

  表用途、性質(zhì)或正在進行的動作;分前置定語和后置定語。如:

  awashingcloset(一個洗手間)aswimmingpool(一個游泳池)

  awashingmachine(一臺洗衣機)awalkingstick(一根拐杖)

  aflyingbird(一只正在飛翔的鳥兒)asmilinggirl(一個微笑的女孩)

  arunningcat(一只奔跑的貓)asingingboy(一個在唱歌的男孩)

  例句:

  Who’s the childsleeping in the classroom?

  正在教室里睡覺的孩子是誰?(sleeping in the classroom作后置定語)

  The studentcookingsupperwon the first prize.

  那名正在做晚飯的學(xué)生贏得了一等獎。(cooking supper作后置定語)

  【溫馨提示】

  1.一般而言,單個的-ing單詞作前置定語;-ing短語作后置定語。

  例句:

  Therunningboy is fond of helping others.

  那個跑步的男孩喜歡幫助人。

  The boyrunning in the parkis fond of helpingothers.

  那個正在公園里跑步的男孩喜歡幫助人。

  2.可以將作定語的-ing轉(zhuǎn)換成一個定語從句,如:

  Thegirlrepairing thecomputeris good at physics.

  那個正在修理電腦的女生擅長于物理。

  = Thegirlwho is repairing the computeris good at physics.

 。ǘ﹦釉~-ing作狀語(表時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、方式、伴隨、讓步等)

  例如:

  Hearing the news, she couldn’t help crying.

  聽到這個消息,她禁不住哭起來。(作時間或原因狀語)

  Following him, you’ll form many bad habits.

  跟著他,你會形成很多壞習(xí)慣的。(作條件狀語)

  Looking atthose pictures, she remembered her childhood.

  看著那些照片,她想起了自己的童年。(作時間或原因狀語)

  Staying outside the circle, he was still injured.

  待在圈子外,他還是受傷了。(作讓步狀語)

  They sat on the grassland,singing together.

  他們坐在草地上,一起唱著歌。(作伴隨狀語)

  In the factory, the workers have to workstanding.

  在工廠里,工人們不得不站著工作。(作方式狀語)

  Peter had studiedhard for three months,passingthe exam.

  彼得努力了三個月,通過了考試。(作結(jié)果狀語)

  They looked at each other,feeling every excited.

  他們看著對方,感覺非常激動。(作伴隨狀語)

  【溫馨提示】

  1.-ing作時間、原因、條件、讓步狀語時,一般位于句首;其它狀語一般放在句末。

  Being ill, he didn’t come to work.因為生病了,他沒有來上班。

  She went to the school three times, meeting the teacher.

  她去了學(xué)校三次,(結(jié)果)終于見到了老師。

  但是這個位置只是相對的,如:

  Tom was caught stealing something in the shop.

  湯姆在商店里偷東西時被抓住了。

  2.-ing作時間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、讓步狀語時可以和相對應(yīng)的狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換。如:

  Working harder, you will catch up with your classmates.

  =If you work harder, you will catch up with your classmates.

  努力學(xué)習(xí),你就會趕上你的同學(xué)們的。

  (相當(dāng)于Work harderandyou will catch up with your classmates. )

 。ㄈ﹦釉~-ing作補足語(表正在進行的動作)

  We shouldn’tleave the waterrunning.

  我們不應(yīng)該要讓水一直流著。(作賓語補足語)

  I saw himwriting ashortstoryin his study.

  我看見他正在書房里寫一個短故事。(作賓語補足語)

  They were heardplaying the pianoin the next room.

  有人聽到他們正在隔壁房間彈鋼琴。(作主語補足語)

  ●動詞的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find等表示感官和心理狀態(tài)的動詞后面作賓語補足語或主語補足語。

  例如:

  The villagers watched the traindisappearingin the distance.

  村民們看著火車漸漸消失在遠方。

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